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    # Scrum對敏捷有害 - 王宇 > 從這開始共筆,您可以分享任何聽到、學到的事物 :::info 我服務的很多客戶都經歷過若干次的Scrum培訓,但很多客戶的研發過程還是無比糾結。我不停在思考為什麼出現這樣的狀態?在這個分享之中,我會基於我個人的經歷,嘗試討論與思考Scrum框架對組織和團隊的影響,並列舉我在服務現場識別出的研發過程關鍵點。期望每一個聽完分享願意思考的人都對自己組織內研發過程改進充滿了信心,並有明確的思路和手段。 Scrum的原罪就是我們對它的期待與現實世界複雜度之間的矛盾,但這之間如何平衡?引入這個概念還是不引入這個概念對組織轉型更為有利? Scrum的各種手段會對組織有什麼樣的漣漪影響?對於團隊或組織轉型到底有哪些關鍵點需要持續的關注?本次分享會預留足夠大家討論的時間,歡迎大家蒞臨。 ::: # 前言 - 分享羅翔評網路暴力:一個人知識貧乏,越是擁有一種莫名其妙的勇氣和自豪感 - 思考我們是否如此 > 盡信書不如無書 - SCRUM的價值觀是開放、尊重、勇氣、專注、承諾。 # SCRUM 對敏捷有害 - 什麼是有害?吃糖、看電視有害。那到底是誰的問題,世界還是人?是場景(時間點的行動)的問題 - 什麼是敏捷 - 觀點一:不停探索、調整改進、不停成長的狀態(心態) - 觀點二:工作方法 - 觀點三:敏捷宣言 - 敏捷現在已被泛化,是複雜的綜合體 - 積極的行動之前是"質疑" - 我們不同反饋如同持續強化人的隱喻、概念、語言和模型,且有可能不自知。我們不願意否定自己,逐漸僵化,某些假設成為了我們的信念 # SCRUM是激進還是保守? - 激進 vs 保守 - 相信偉大的設計 vs 生長出來的設計 - 平等 vs 奮鬥 - 理想 vs 現實 - 權力 vs 制衡 - SCRUM是激進還是保守?是非常激進的,清晰地告訴你什麼是對什麼是錯。好處是方便傳授、易於理解、引發共鳴 - 但,我們應該追求原子性的正確,因為快速的前進時任何偏差都會有大幅度的偏移。 # 為何SCRUM 對敏捷有害 ## 自組織 - Scrum Guide 有五個地方描述自組織 - 自組織欠妥的地方 - 有沒有自組織(自管理)無效的例子?例如:讓小孩自己玩 - 為什麼會是這樣?因為不願意承擔責任 - 不願意承擔責任的人,不應得到自由 - 教育沒有教承擔責任才能享受自由 - 農耕文明下的精英文化 - 依賴上下文?原教旨主義?沙文主義? - 認為自己優於其他群體 - 解方 - 應該要形成領導力團隊,團結團隊中的領導、意見領袖,隨時間推移擴大領導力團隊 - 終極目標是全部成員都成了領導力團隊的一部分(一般達到不了) - 是終極狀態需要一步步走過去,如何擴大才是我們要思考的,單獨強調自組知識不負責任的 # ScrumMaster(斯格拉姆馬斯塔) - Scrum Guide 有26個地方描述自組織 - 欠妥的地方,並非所有人都適合當SM - 天分不足、能力不足 - 知識技能不足以推動一個團隊 - 原教旨,但是在堅持什麼呢 - 不一定堅持對的,可能抹些未知的病毒在體內傳播 - 掛羊頭賣狗肉(被企業文化所影響) - 為了敏捷而敏捷 - 不是改名叫SCRUM就是SCRUM - 解方 - 不要說我們在運行SCRUM - 嚴格意義上:追求Scrum運行的團隊是非敏捷的團隊 - 是敏捷教練而不是斯格拉姆馬斯塔 - 謹慎挑選兼職敏捷教(服務多個團隊) - 不是每個人都適合 - 很可能組織裡根本沒有 - 要有持續的覺知與行動 - 聘請外部的敏捷教練 - 諮詢為主但能講課的講師, - 不要找只是單純的講,在諮詢力量會較薄弱 # Product Owner(產品業主) - Scrum Guide有84個地方描述PO,相較SM應該要是更重要的 - 現實形況 - 誰說話算數?誰是業主? - 所有PO都被翻譯成產品負責人,但真的是負責人嗎 - 過度強調這個角色,是否合理 - 掛羊頭賣狗肉 - 什麼是一個好的PO - 讓團隊感到自豪,但太多團隊連一個感到自豪的理由都沒有 - 解方 - PO 排優先級 - 願意聽從顧問建議 - 接受現狀<->積極思考<->勇於行動 -讓團隊感到自豪,關注團隊的意義 # 會議 - Scrum Guide 有77個地方描述會議,重要性應該僅次於PO - 現實問題 - 關注會議而非會議之前的準備與目標狀態 - 使得會議的效率越來越低 - 解方 - 狀態over過程 - 期望達到的效果是什麼? - 槓桿與探針 - 比如減肥,有紀錄體重使過程更順暢 - 立會的指針與車鈴讓團隊提前溝通提前決策。在立會前就討論形成結論,立會中只是知會的過程。 - 如同按摩與鍛鍊,是逐漸到位的 - 會議的狀態 - 協作的校準與進入每日工作狀態 - 需求校準駔盡溝通協作:需求會議 - 思考與行動:回顧 - 自豪 - 不開會也可以達到狀態,那才是我們該追求的 # Product Backlog 產品待辦清單 - 現實問題 - Backlog 一定要做嗎? - 好像之How 但沒有關注核心問題 - 解方 - 需求的識別 - 沙子:擁有潛在風險 - 板磚:粒度相似、擁有估算、風險可控 - 鑽石:邊界清晰、細節完備 - 領導力團隊驅動協作校準與工作校準 ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rkOvw8MwF.png) ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rkRvvLfwF.png) - 不要使用估算撲克,嘗試估算2.0,甚至是不估算 # 結語 - 別拿Scrum生活習慣治一切的病 - Scrum 的原罪在於我們日益增長的期望與現實之前的矛盾,但在原子層面呢?現實中的情況是否與我們腦中的假設匹配? - 我們以為我們可以大踏步的思考其他問題了,但可能連一些基本問題、結構或假設都不一定經得起推敲 ## 觀點總結 - 敏捷是一種不停嘗試、不停調整、不停優化,敢於受傷的狀態。 (Being Agile) - 先做起來(Doing),然後通過練習慢慢提高到(Being)狀態。Scrum是一個愛憎(對錯)分明,多一分不多少一分則少的過程實施框架 - 在中國自組織就是一個神話,現實之道是團結精英推行任何改進 - 對於一個框架你可以任性,但這也顯示出了對細節的不負責任 - Scrum商業化的成功,使得學員不是在學習,而是在消費。 - 重要的是如何通過框架實現潛在的價值觀,而不是把價值觀放入框架。適應和調整是自然的,當你看到東西並擁有選擇的時候

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