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# Day 9 : 從 LINE Notify 學習查看API文件 [![hackmd-github-sync-badge](https://hackmd.io/dRUiUno2RP-XexQ0TTnCig/badge)](https://hackmd.io/dRUiUno2RP-XexQ0TTnCig) - 上篇 [Day 8](https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10234115) 內容已經可以成功運行 LINE Notify 範例,如果再包含文字、貼圖,加上LINE內建網址預覽圖片,很快就可以建構好自己的服務。因為自學者常靠谷哥搜尋教學文即實作,要掌握使用功能**還是得回頭研讀官方文件**,而文件通常不像文章好啃! - 好在已經累積 LINE Notify 初步使用經驗與概念,接著我們來拆解研讀API文件,將看文件的習慣作為後續開發與自主學習的基石。 - 附上今日程式碼的實作成果,另外 LINE Notify 的權杖申請方式可參考系列文 [Day 6 : 歐逆醬早安,建立LINE Notify推播通知](https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10233841)。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/v5KOVVH.png) ~~好啦我們進來吧。~~ ## LINE Notify API文件有什麼? 1. 點選 [LINE Notify API Documen](https://notify-bot.line.me/doc/en/),目前只有英文版本。 2. 馬上看到更新頻繁不富奸的更新日誌: ![](https://i.imgur.com/gBQ7O8T.png) 3. 接著文件介紹這個API可以做什麼,摘要如下: - 這個LINE API由OAuth2身分驗證機制與LINE Notify通知組成。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/mqdp8RQ.png) - 驗證機制流程如下圖,簡單的說取得了權杖(token)之後,傳遞訊息時認access_token即可(圖片源自[官方文件](https://notify-bot.line.me/doc/en/))。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/f6m8i8z.png) - 文件接著說明有關取得endpoint URI的方法,由於我們只是發行權杖,文件的`GET https: //notify-bot.line.me/oauth/authorize`、`POST https://notify-bot.line.me/oauth/token`請自行參閱。 4. Notification 章節應該有我們傳遞訊息的格式資訊: - 文件有提到必須要有 bearer <access_token> and accesses 。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/0c8kVqp.png) - 接著看到用`POST`方法,需要的Header內容要求,以Python程式碼實現對照如下: ![](https://i.imgur.com/udGrwbt.png) ```python headers = { "Authorization": "Bearer " + token, "Content-Type" : "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" } ``` - 訊息內容的格式寫在Request parameters,以表格方式介紹參數名稱、必須/選用、資料型態、參數介紹‵。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/6lVg7c8.png) - 參數`message`是必須的,格式為文字,最多1000個字元。即是先前的[Python程式碼](https://is.gd/DxYF2P)裡面所用的`payload = {'message': msg }`,是必要內容。 - 參數`imageThumbnail`、`imageFullsize`是選用的,有最大尺寸限制。 - 參數`imageFile`圖片路徑為選用,支援`.png`、`.jpg`,權限比`imageThumbnail`、`imageFullsize`優先。 - 參數`stickerPackageId`、`stickerId`為選用,能用的貼圖官方整理於[Sticker List](https://devdocs.line.me/files/sticker_list.pdf),在使用貼圖時這兩個參數都要填,不然會報錯。 - 參數`notificationDisabled`是否關閉用戶通知,預設false。 - 有了上述文件閱讀基礎,後續 [LINE Notify API Documen](https://notify-bot.line.me/doc/en/) 就可以自行閱讀實作與測試。回頭看先前Python的範例程式碼,是不是更能理解了? - 另外稍微將範例加點料,做了個會傳文字/貼圖/圖片的範例,可點選此連結開啟 [Colab](https://is.gd/DxYF2P) [![](https://i.imgur.com/pQnQ4tG.png)](https://is.gd/DxYF2P)玩看看喔! ```python #分享鐵人幫的文+貼圖+縮圖程式 import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs def lineNotifyMessage(token, msg, img): headers = { "Authorization": "Bearer " + token, "Content-Type" : "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" } payload = { 'message': msg, 'imageThumbnail' : img, #imageThumbnail、imageFullsize為成對的圖片,各有尺寸大小 'imageFullsize' : img, 'stickerPackageId' : 2, #stickerPackageId、stickerId為貼圖成對的編號,參閱Line Sticker List 'stickerId' : 520 } r = requests.post("https://notify-api.line.me/api/notify", headers = headers, params = payload) return r.status_code if __name__ == "__main__": token = '你的權杖內容' message = '大賢者【告】今日網友梗圖Top1' url = 'https://memes.tw/wtf' # 爬取https://memes.tw/wtf中網友創作的第一張梗圖 img = bs(requests.get(url).text ,"lxml").find_all("", {'class': 'img-fluid'})[0]['data-src'] lineNotifyMessage(token, message, img) ``` ## 小結 - 官方文件是程式開發時的救命繩,LINE的官方文件配合範例程式是可以理解並實作的,做中學、學中做就越來越有程式開發的樣子啦。 - 另外LINE Notify可以接收來自其他服務的通知並通知用戶,這有些偏離後續LINE Message API開發的主軸,有興趣者參閱官方文件喔,我們下篇見!

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