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    ###### tags: `technical articles` # 各類型資料的達爾文核心標準 (DwC) 必填欄位 > 一份好的資料集,必須可以再利用(具互操作性),若能提供越多欄位資料,則資料的品質及價值也能相對地提高,在任何情況下,資料集至少要有下列所述 Darwin Core 欄位 #### 相關參考連結: - DwC 資料欄位的各集合內容:[Darwin Core Registered Extensions](https://tools.gbif.org/dwca-validator/extensions.do)(按 core 和 extension 分類) - DwC 資料欄位標準英文定義快速查詢:[Darwin core quick reference guide](https://dwc.tdwg.org/terms/)(按詞條的 class 分類) - DwC 資料欄位標準中文簡要說明:[Darwin Core (DwC) 資料欄位標準](http://taibif.tw/download/Darwin_Core.pdf) <br> --- ### 物種名錄 Checklist | DwC 欄位名稱 |所屬類別 | 定義 | 常見對應名稱 | 範例 | | -------- | -------- | -------- |------------| --------------------- | | taxonID | Taxon |分類識別碼 | ID、編號 |32567 | |scientificName|Taxon |完整的學名,包括已知的作者和日期資訊。若是作為鑑定的一部分,應是可確定的最低分類階層的名稱。| 學名、Name、名字| "Coleoptera" (目), "Vespertilionidae"(科), "Manis" (屬), "Ctenomys sociabilis" (屬 + 種小名),"Ambystoma tigrinum diaboli" (屬 +種小名 + 亞種小名), "Roptrocerus typographi (Györfi, 1952)" (屬 + 種小名 + 學名命名者), "Quercus agrifolia var. oxyadenia (Torr.) J.T. | <br> --- ### 出現紀錄 Occurrence | DwC 欄位名稱 |所屬類別 | 定義 | 常見對應名稱 | 範例 | | -------- | -------- | ----- |------| ------------- | | occurrenceID | Occurrence | 出現紀錄識別碼| ID、編號 | 32567 | | basisOfRecord | Record-level |資料紀錄的特定性質、類型,建議使用 Darwin Core 的控制詞彙| 紀錄類型、樣本來源|保存標本 PreservedSpecimen, 化石標本 FossilSpecimen, 活體標本 LivingSpecimen, 人為觀測 HumanObservation, 機器觀測 MachineObservation| |eventDate | Event |該筆資料被記錄的日期。| 調查日期、Date、時間| 「1994-11-05」代表單日,「1996-06」代表 1996 年 6 月| |individualCount | Occurrence | 出現紀錄被記錄時存在的個體數量。| 數量、個體數|0, 1, 25| |locality | Location|採集或觀測地點的明確描述。|地點|"觀音山", "Caribbean Sea", "Florida"| |verbatimLatitude| Location|字面緯度,採集或觀測取得紀錄的緯度,任何座標系統皆可。| 緯度|41d 16'N| |verbatimLongitude|Location|字面經度,採集或觀測取得紀錄的緯度,任何座標系統皆可。|經度|121d 10' 34" W| |verbatimCoordinateSystem|Location|紀錄的座標單位||"decimal degrees", "degrees decimal minutes", "degrees minutes seconds"| |geodeticDatum|Location|座標的大地基準。建議使用控制詞彙;若全未知,則填入"未知(unknown)"。||"EPSG:4326", "WGS84", "EPSG:3826" (TWD97 / TM2 臺灣), "EPSG:3828"(TWD67 / TM2 臺灣)| <br> --- ### 調查活動 Sampling event | DwC 欄位名稱 |所屬類別 | 定義 | 常見對應名稱 | 範例 | | -------- | -------- | ----- |------| ------------- | | eventID | Event | 調查活動識別碼| ID、編號 | 32567 | |eventDate | Event |該筆資料被記錄的日期。| 調查日期、Date、時間| 「1994-11-05」代表單日,「1996-06」代表 1996 年 6 月| |samplingProtocol|Event |調查方法或流程的名稱、描述,或其參考文獻。|材料方法、Method、Sampling method| "UV light trap", "mist net", "bottom trawl", "ad hoc observation",https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00467.x, "Takats et al. 2001. Guidelines for Nocturnal Owl Monitoring in North America."|

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