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    --- disqus: yueswater --- # LaTeX 教學系列:用 Beamer 製作簡報 {%hackmd @themes/orangeheart %} <style> .likecoin-button { position: relative; width: 100%; max-width: 485px; max-height: 240px; margin: 0 auto; } .likecoin-button > div { padding-top: 49.48454%; } .likecoin-button > iframe { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; } </style> ###### tags: `LaTeX` 為何使用 $\LaTeX$ 進行簡報製作呢,使用 $\LaTeX$ 製作簡報,個人認為大致有以下優點,首先是學術性強大,包含版面、顯示方式等,都能夠讓讀者或閱聽人看到沈穩的簡報內容與外觀,從而能夠專注聽講。另一個優點則是輸出的內容可以跨平台使用,因其產生的檔案類型為`.pdf`檔,故能夠避免使用`.pptx`時字體在其他電腦未安裝而無法顯示的窘境。不過缺點大概就是 coding 很麻煩!使用 $\LaTeX$ 做出來的簡報我們稱為 beamer(以下我們也這樣稱呼),可以先來看一個簡單的例子: ```tex \documentclass{beamer} \title{Sample title} \author{Anonymous} \institute{Overleaf} \date{2021} \begin{document} \frame{\titlepage} \begin {frame} \frametitle{Sample frame title} This is some text in the first frame. \end {frame} \end{document} ``` 可以看到我們是以`frame`這個環境產生簡報的一個頁面。接著我們就針對 beamer 的細節進行更細緻的討論。 ## 幀(frame) 如同上面提到的,`frame`環境是產生 beamer 頁面的關鍵。`frame`環境的設定如下: ```tex \begin{frame}[頁面設定] \frametitle{頁面標題} \framesubtitle{頁面副標題} 頁面內容 \end{frame} ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/cQoZAl6.png) 加入頁面標題時必須使用`\frametitle{}`,而`[頁面設定]`的部分則留到後面幾個小節再討論。 ### 標題頁 如果想要顯示標題頁,可以在前言區先加入標題資訊 ```tex \title[About Beamer] %optional {About the Beamer class in presentation making} \subtitle{A short story} \author[Anthony, Ben] % (optional) {Anthony\inst{1} \and Ben\inst{2}} \institute[NTU] % (optional) { \inst{1}% Department of Political Science\\ National Taiwan University \and \inst{2}% Department of Economics\\ National Taiwan University } \date[2021] % (optional) {Very Large Conference, April 2021} ``` 接著在`frame`環境內加上`\titlepage`: ```tex \begin{frame} \titlepage \end{frame} ``` 結果就會是: ![](https://i.imgur.com/UwPO7NR.png) 或是可以使用`\frame{\titlepage}`,更加簡潔有力。如果想要在標題頁加上 logo,則使用`\logo{\includegraphics{logo 檔案}}`。 ### 目錄頁 通常來說,在一份演講簡報中都會含有目錄頁,目的是為了讓觀眾能夠先快速地掌握本次演講的重點,從而能夠在之後的演講中抓到其想要了解的重要資訊。加入目錄頁的方式跟標題頁十分相似,只要改為`\tableofcontents`即可。 `\titlepage`: ```tex \begin{frame} \tableofcontents \end{frame} ``` 當然,如果你直接將上面的程式碼放到你的`.tex`檔案裡面是不會跑出東西的,我們在使用目錄頁的時候必須確認已經加入`\section`、`\subsection`等資訊。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/BzLV9nt.png) ## 簡報內容的細節 在了解完如何產生一個又一個的簡報頁面後,接下來我們要針對簡報內部的內容進行討論。 ### 列點與條列 假設演講者想要將其所欲說明的資訊以列點的方式呈現,我們有以下兩種工具。首先是無序的列點,其結果只會是一個個的幾何圖案,我們使用`itemize`環境來達到此目的: ```tex \begin{itemize} \item The first item \item The second item \item The third item \item The fourth item \end{itemize} ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/qh0rJGU.png) 如果想要改為原點,則在`\item`後面加上`[$\bullet$]`,就會變成以下的形式: ```tex \begin{itemize} \item[$\bullet$] Circle \item Triangle \end{itemize} ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/zJ05TX6.png) 另一個方法則是有序列點,方法為使用`enumerate`環境,即 ```tex \begin{enumerate} \item The first item \item The second item \item The third item \item The fourth item \end{enumerate} ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/MU8MpUX.png) ### 分欄 作為簡報者,當然會想要簡報越能簡短的報告出越詳細的內容越好,因此常會在圖片、文字旁邊加上註解、說明文字,又或是進行比較。此時就需要使用`columns`環境: ```tex \begin{columns} \begin{column}{寬度(小數點)\textwidth} 文字/圖片 \end{colimn} \begin{column}{寬度(小數點)\textwidth} 文字/圖片 \end{colimn} \end{columns} ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/EHruByk.png) ### 區塊 區塊可以將一般文字與想要強調的文字、公式等區分開,這個目的具有強調、警示的作用,能夠讓觀眾看到此張投影片的重點。例如我們想要將正弦半角公式放到投影片中,可以這麼做: ![](https://i.imgur.com/0tY0v8Y.png) beamer 也有提供底下的幾個環境: * `block` 普通環境 * `theorem` 定理環境 * `lemma` 引理環境 * `proof` 證明環境 * `corollary` 推論環境 * `example` 示例環境 * `alertblock` 警示環境 ### beamer 顏色與主題 為了讓簡報看起來不單調,可以使用 beamer 中的主題功能,為簡報頁面增添色彩,我們使用`\usetheme{主題}`改變 beamer 的主題,並以`\usecolortheme{顏色主題}`改變 beamer 整體的顏色配置。關於更多的顏色配置與主題,可以參考 [Another Beamer Theme](https://mpetroff.net/files/beamer-theme-matrix/)。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/LcqWSkk.png) ## Overlay 的控制 在`.pptx`中,我們可以透過加上動畫來將演講中的某些內容以動態的方式呈現。在 beamer 中我們雖然沒有精緻的動畫可呈現,但我們可以透過類似讓內容一個一個跑出來的概念達到這個目的。 ### pause 的用法 最基本的 overlay 就是用`\pause`來做暫停,使用方法如下: ```tex \begin{frame} 內容 1 \pause 內容 2 \pause 內容 3 \end{frame} ``` 輸出成`.pdf`檔後就會產生三張投影片。同樣的,在列點的環境中我們也能使用這樣的功能: ```tex \begin{frame} \begin{enumerate} \item Content 1 \pause \item Content 2 \pause \item Content 3 \end{enumerate} \end{frame} ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/LwdTqgu.gif) 區塊功能也可以使用,這部分就留給讀者自己去嘗試。 ### 顯示程式碼 許多資工系或是會遇到需要報告程式碼的使用者,在一般的 PowerPoint 輸入程式碼後,程式碼的字體、排版不會太美觀,而 beamer 便提供了此功能(一般文件也可以使用)。在 beamer 要引用程式碼請使用`verbatim`或`listings`套件。不過, 在使用可以顯示的投影片前,必需使用`fragile`的設定: ```tex \begin{frame}[fragile] \end{frame} ``` 接著我們就可以在投影片中加入程式碼: ```tex \begin{frame}[fragile] \begin{lstlisting} # 程式碼 \end{lstlisting} \end{frame} ``` 如果想要在文中顯示程式碼,可以使用`\path{指令}`或是`\verb|指令|`。 ### 按鈕與指定頁面 若要如 PowerPoint 一般,能夠跳到指定頁面,首先要將某頁投影片貼上標籤,即: ```tex \begin{frame}[label=here] \end{frame} ``` 接著就可以製作按鈕: ```tex \hyperlink{here}{\beamerbutton{按鈕文字}} ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/cKpPlLD.gif) <div class="likecoin-embed likecoin-button"> <div></div> <iframe scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="https://button.like.co/in/embed/xiaolong70701/button?referrer=hackmd.io"></iframe> </div>

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