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    # 企業應用敏捷的七個模式 - 徐柏峰 > 從這開始共筆,您可以分享任何聽到、學到的事物 :::info 針對求新、求快、求變的產業,不論是開發創新產品,優化既有流程還是進行數位轉型,敏捷是眾所公認最「有道理」(making sense)的協作方法,敏捷團隊的角色、活動和產出,已經是團隊協作的最佳實務。本次講座,邀請資深企業敏捷教練,分享2009年起協助36家公司轉型敏捷的過程中,最常見的幾種敏捷模式,不論是敏捷新手還是已經有經驗的老司機,都能獲得啟發。 ::: # 敏捷宣言的背後含意 - 敏捷的由來,敏捷軟體開發宣言: - 個人與互動重於流程與工具 - 可用的軟體重於詳盡的文件 - 與客戶合作重於合約協商 - 回應變化重於遵循計畫 - 敏捷宣言後,2001年經濟學人發表《Agile Count》以後是敏捷說了算的時代 - 再之後不同行業的人都在敏捷了 ## 敏捷宣言就是**簡單的規則** > 面對複雜又持續演變的情境,授權團隊依據「簡單的規則」自主做決定 老闆不會樣樣都懂,也沒時間事事下決定 才能增加活下去的機會 這樣比較敏捷 - 自然界的例子:幾百萬隻鳥依據簡單的規則,快速變化隊形,增加活著的機會 - 交通的例子:圓環運作規則,是複雜又會演變的系統。 -> 敏捷就是針對複雜又會演變,創造一個環境讓員工自主做決定 # Scrum 是敏捷世界的「最大公因數」 ## 3個簡單規則 1. 每個迭代結束前都交出實際的成品 - 是真正可以用的東西 2. 根據成果調整後續需求,優化產品 - 終端用戶用起來如何,根據結果調整未來的需求,讓需求越來越得分 - outcome != output 3. 團隊持續探索優化合作效能的方法 - 讓團隊為自己的scrum 負責 > Scrum is like your mother-in-law; it points out all your faults. Scrum 敏捷像是面鏡子,若兩週做不出來,可以照出應該要從何調整 Scrum 是體檢報告,讓你看出來每次要調整的項目 # 敏捷轉型是轉變體思維 不會說導入敏捷,而是轉型 1. 每個迭代結束前,都交出實際的成品 2. 根據成果調整後續需求,以優化產品 3. 團隊持續探索優化合作效能的方法 - 問團隊說:我們可以持續做什麼改善的方式 轉型非常困難,實戰要花很多年,每家公司都不一樣 - 小公司轉型是增肌:例如找full stack - 大公司轉型是減脂:例如:減少重複的工作 # 企業應用敏捷的七個模式 ## 模式零:口說敏捷 - 不調整流程只壓縮交付時程 - 每日站立會議 ## 模式一:工具敏捷 - 既有的report line 沒變,只用工具來做敏捷 - 立會變成純粹報告進度 ## 模式二:敏捷規劃 - 用敏捷方法定義需求,開發流程照舊 - 沒有排IT資源 ## 模式三:混種開發 - 需求和驗收流程照舊,只有開發流程應用敏捷 - 只是中間壓時間,而不是每個迭代都有實際的成品 ## 模式四:雙環敏捷 - 需求與開發各組敏捷團隊頻繁對焦,一起前進 - 沒有reorg,約定好需求與開發團隊每兩周見面,讓需求方陳述已經準備好的需求,測試有問題會滾到下一次迭代。每天會有兩場會議,內部一場,團隊間同步一場。 - 台灣多數金融公司開始的方式,在reorg前運作還算順利,但要注意 - 不要分你們我們,因為長久希望變成同一個team - 小心瀑布的文化跑回來 ## 模式五:敏捷工廠 - 跨部門成員短期內集中辦公,使用公司的敏捷資源 - 有經驗的人當coach,希望能擴散 - 在台灣要注意的是 - 考績沒有對標 - 不要搞 train the trainer,要的是實戰的人不是講師 ## 模式六:敏捷戰情室 - 組成臨時性的跨職能部門,執行全公司最重要的敏捷案 - 加入者有戰情室光環,但事情仍是帶回原部隊做 - 打考績大小眼,無法抵抗人性 - 沒有目標淪為追業績部門 ## 模式七:共同敏捷 - 跨職能團隊,每個迭代都交付實際成品 - 是跨職能團隊,真正的敏捷。 - 耗時多年,需要組織重組 - 亞洲人不習慣自主做決定的文化 從模式零到七轉型的力度越後面越強 # 敏捷轉型成功的關鍵 1. 老闆管理原則 2. 原則管理團隊 3. 團隊自主做決定 # Q&A - 已經中了 WaterScrumFall 的招,這毒怎麼解? - 如果公司不想改變本來的分工跟合作方法,而希望能變更快速,需要審慎思考是否可能 - 用實際的成果建立credit,讓長官看到真正的東西 - 請問沒有培訓內部種子講師,要怎麼擴散敏捷文化? 都花錢找外面顧問嗎? - 老師七年前在國泰人壽的經驗,沒有找顧問而是帶著團隊找實際使用者,在做中實戰。 - 一開始培育六個人,要擴散時再分兩組,透過細胞分化的分法擴散 - 在迭代過程中, 假設可用成品優先於制定文件規格, 但文件規格在商業交付, 或是內部交接, 也算重要的工具或窗口'媒介, 所以想問迭代過程中該如何衡量成品與文件產出的關係? 比如是該考慮產出時間先後? 或是成品與文件品質的百分比? 或是該等迭代收斂後再收斂文件規格嗎? 謝謝 - 文件有多種 best practice - Dodument Late:讓兩人在同一隊,甚至坐隔壁,便能很快做出實際東西。可拿真正會動的截圖結果再回頭補文件 - 倒過來做,先留填空,文件再回頭記做完的結果 - 大公司執行敏捷要減脂,但大公司的法遵、稽核流程一點都不能少,怎麼辦? - 老師做智能理財的經驗,20~30跨部門的人聚在一起一個月,有刻意找法尊、稽核部門加入,成為隊員一起創需求。 - 請問雙環敏捷的運作方式是「每天」都有規劃和回顧的概念存在嗎?是不是developers和POs一起持續讓需求不斷前進的感覺? - 立會:兩邊同時開會,開完後再與對方對接 - 不是每天retro,是趁立會時兩邊同步 - 要讓團隊變成一個Team,是不是一定得把PO, RD, QA Reorg為同一個整體團隊? - 讓共事的人互打考績 - 派出的單位也要為派出的人員考績負責

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