Make your own signet

# Make your own signet w/ Josie ###### tags: `tutorials` `signet` ## Main goals * Run bitcoin core * Run the tests * make changes, test them and run it on a custom signet ## Ideas * Everyone should be mining or able to mine, so should therefore generate a private key to be a signer * Can we automate this all in a single script? * Can people join in as "miners"? * Go through chaincode seminars and for each topics add some exercies which you could do on signet * You can change consensus-critial and non-consensus critial bitcoind stuff, recompile and see how it works on your signet: ... * Remove DNS seeds, then hardcoded seeds, then use -connect * Own activation heights for stuff * Disabling segwit/taproot, change coin prefixes * Change interblock time, observe orphan blocks re-orgs * Change block size, soft or hard fork [Vitalik has a way](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/428tjl/softforking_the_block_time_to_2_min_my_primarily/) * Eclipse attack someone * Re-introduce [coin age priority](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/7fcf53f7b4524572d1d0c9a5fdc388e87eb02416/doc/release-notes/release-notes-0.15.0.md#removal-of-coin-age-priority) Other ideas * Could they create P2P messenger * Or build your own node from scratch, no-wallet, or choose which BIPs you want to implement * Try to DoS attack someone else's node, flood mempool etc. * change any and all policy parameters and observer their effect on the network, i.e everyone run in blocks only mode, change mempool min relay fees, etc - [x] Make a repo for signet chaincode seminar exercises/question banks https://github.com/learn-me-a-signet/signet-ex ## TODO: - [x] Run a signet - [x] Familiarise with the scripts - [x] Check if anyone can join as a miner later, if not generate 50 keys to distribute, k of n 1 or 50 - [ ] Can we use taproot multisig (MuSig/MuSig2) - [x] Check if I can mine blocks on my own - [ ] Can we implment regular re-orgs using - [ ] Can we automate people joining the signet - [x] Org Learn-me-a-signet: for signet questions ## Notes ### Generate keys using regtest Start bitcoind in regtest mode and create a non-descriptor wallet (so we can use `dumpprivkey` on it). ```bash bitcoind -regtest bitcoin-cli -regtest -named createwallet wallet_name="test" descriptors=false ``` Next generate a few keys, e.g. in bash: ```bash ADDR=$(bitcoin-cli -regtest -rpcwallet="test" getnewaddress) PK=$(bitcoin-cli -regtest -rpcwallet="test" dumpprivkey) bitcoin-cli -regtest -rpcwallet="test" getaddressinfo $ADDR | grep pubkey | cut -d \" -f4 ``` Fish script to generate `n` keys: ```fish function gen-regtest-keys set num $argv[1] for i in (seq $num) set ADDR (bitcoin-cli -regtest -rpcwallet="test" getnewaddress) set PRIVKEY (bitcoin-cli -regtest -rpcwallet="test" dumpprivkey $ADDR) set PUBKEY (bitcoin-cli -regtest -rpcwallet="test" getaddressinfo $ADDR | grep pubkey | cut -d \" -f4) echo "---------------------------------" echo $PRIVKEY echo $PUBKEY end echo "---------------------------------" end ``` then ```shell= gen-regtest-keys 10 ``` This will output privkeys & pubkeys e.g.: ```text --------------------------------- cPu7ZGY3Hs5WdNB73M7ok3VBH1nV7MRwJ8V6vJqyKGwFv5H5f9bC 02e240f3e2e2a4ef79e03fbd0e3afb999997ddbce14c250e73d2f6b7af97f941f7 --------------------------------- cQHXC3dKXLVRVMfeMv35YNvmsVHxViEiJsH5EAgJHz7VKEanfGrQ 038c761f9fa1b29191011ef95acf76328355bc086b8706f79bce931e55075bd978 --------------------------------- cR1L5F4vv3FPc3LNuKkVoYNzD6fjvt88s8H95KXcfj4WQUbz7qwM 0274fac0536a8e7f384dea2b1e209893d3a043c53d835389b80082a8fbf8d5401d --------------------------------- cUVVjKcib4aRMKq5iemTABDprh433b1vq4GRFNv8dTizVJmfXujF 0353e6b2589f6c5872b0a9cd424af60923f73ac5c081fc30ea99f6e5f188f3ad65 --------------------------------- ``` Multisig script for 1-of-4 will resemble: ```text OP_PUSHNUM_1 OP_PUSHBYTES_33 02e240f3e2e2a4ef79e03fbd0e3afb999997ddbce14c250e73d2f6b7af97f941f7 OP_PUSHBYTES_33 038c761f9fa1b29191011ef95acf76328355bc086b8706f79bce931e55075bd978 OP_PUSHBYTES_33 0274fac0536a8e7f384dea2b1e209893d3a043c53d835389b80082a8fbf8d5401d OP_PUSHBYTES_33 0353e6b2589f6c5872b0a9cd424af60923f73ac5c081fc30ea99f6e5f188f3ad65 OP_PUSHNUM_4 OP_CHECKMULTISIG ``` We can use `createmultisig` from Bitcoin Core with e.g.: ```shell bitcoin-cli -regtest -rpcwallet="test" createmultisig 1 "[\"02e240f3e2e2a4ef79e03fbd0e3afb999997ddbce14c250e73d2f6b7af97f941f7\",\"038c761f9fa1b29191011ef95acf76328355bc086b8706f79bce931e55075bd978\",\"0274fac0536a8e7f384dea2b1e209893d3a043c53d835389b80082a8fbf8d5401d\",\"0353e6b2589f6c5872b0a9cd424af60923f73ac5c081fc30ea99f6e5f188f3ad65\"]" ``` We will be returned a fully-formed multisig address, redeem script and descriptor: ```shell { "address": "2N7W7xJ31SGTiYkh3hpmtkFNXqnJV2xzdYX", "redeemScript": "512102e240f3e2e2a4ef79e03fbd0e3afb999997ddbce14c250e73d2f6b7af97f941f721038c761f9fa1b29191011ef95acf76328355bc086b8706f79bce931e55075bd978210274fac0536a8e7f384dea2b1e209893d3a043c53d835389b80082a8fbf8d5401d210353e6b2589f6c5872b0a9cd424af60923f73ac5c081fc30ea99f6e5f188f3ad6554ae", "descriptor": "sh(multi(1,02e240f3e2e2a4ef79e03fbd0e3afb999997ddbce14c250e73d2f6b7af97f941f7,038c761f9fa1b29191011ef95acf76328355bc086b8706f79bce931e55075bd978,0274fac0536a8e7f384dea2b1e209893d3a043c53d835389b80082a8fbf8d5401d,0353e6b2589f6c5872b0a9cd424af60923f73ac5c081fc30ea99f6e5f188f3ad65))#fa4q073s" } ``` We can use the redeem script as the `signetchallenge` for the signet. ### Start mining on signet First we want to fire up a node on our custom signet. Start by editing `bitcoin.conf`: ```text daemon=1 signet=1 # The redeem script for the multisig signetchallenge=512102e240f3e2e2a4ef79e03fbd0e3afb999997ddbce14c250e73d2f6b7af97f941f721038c761f9fa1b29191011ef95acf76328355bc086b8706f79bce931e55075bd978210274fac0536a8e7f384dea2b1e209893d3a043c53d835389b80082a8fbf8d5401d210353e6b2589f6c5872b0a9cd424af60923f73ac5c081fc30ea99f6e5f188f3ad6554ae ``` Start bitcoind from the new conf (reccomend `-datadir` over `-conf` for cleanliness) and test to see that we're running. ```bash bitcoind -datadir=$HOME/signet/1/ bitcoin-cli -datadir=$HOME/signet/1 -getinfo ``` Create a wallet and import one of the privkeys used to create the multisig into it: ```bash= bitcoin-cli -datadir=$HOME/signet/1 -named createwallet wallet_name="test" descriptors=false bitcoin-cli -datadir=$HOME/signet/1 importprivkey cPu7ZGY3Hs5WdNB73M7ok3VBH1nV7MRwJ8V6vJqyKGwFv5H5f9bC ``` **WARNING**: Need to use the mining script from master, since there is a bug which has been fixed by [24553](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/24553). Follow the guide to mining from the [Signet Readme](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/v23.0rc2/contrib/signet/README.md#miner) (in bitcoin source dir): ```bash cd src/ MINER="../contrib/signet/miner" GRIND="./bitcoin-util grind" $MINER calibrate --grind-cmd="$GRIND" nbits=1e00f403 for 25s average mining time ``` To mine the first block in the custom chain run: ```bash CLI="./bitcoin-cli -datadir=$HOME/signet/1" ADDR=$($CLI -signet getnewaddress) NBITS=1e00f403 $MINER --cli="$CLI" generate --grind-cmd="$GRIND" --address="$ADDR" --nbits=$NBITS ``` To mine continuously: ```bash= $MINER --cli="$CLI" generate --grind-cmd="$GRIND" --address="$ADDR" --nbits=$NBITS --ongoing --multiminer=1/4 ``` Using the --multiminer parameter allows mining to be distributed amongst multiple miners. For example, if you have 3 miners and want to share blocks between them, specify --multiminer=1/3 on one, --multiminer=2/3 on another, and --multiminer=3/3 on the last one. If you want one to do 10% of blocks and two others to do 45% each, --multiminer=1-10/100 on the first, and --multiminer=11-55 and --multiminer=56-100 on the others. Note that which miner mines which block is determined by the previous block hash, so occasional runs of one miner doing many blocks in a row is to be expected. When --multiminer is used, if a miner is down and does not mine a block within five minutes of when it is due, the other miners will automatically act as redundant backups ensuring the chain does not halt. The --backup-delay parameter can be used to change how long a given miner waits, allowing one to be the primary backup (after five minutes) and another to be the secondary backup (after six minutes, eg). The --standby-delay parameter can be used to make a backup miner that only mines if a block doesn't arrive on time. This can be combined with --multiminer if desired. Setting --standby-delay also prevents the first block from being mined immediately. ## Misc [min.sc policy](https://min.sc/#c=A%20%3D%2002e240f3e2e2a4ef79e03fbd0e3afb999997ddbce14c250e73d2f6b7af97f941f7%3B%0AB%20%3D%20038c761f9fa1b29191011ef95acf76328355bc086b8706f79bce931e55075bd978%3B%0AC%20%3D%200274fac0536a8e7f384dea2b1e209893d3a043c53d835389b80082a8fbf8d5401d%3B%0AD%20%3D%200353e6b2589f6c5872b0a9cd424af60923f73ac5c081fc30ea99f6e5f188f3ad65%3B%0A%0A1%20of%20%5B%20pk%28A%29%2C%20pk%28B%29%2C%20pk%28C%29%2C%20pk%28D%29%20%5D)

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