[2018-02-13
端傳媒 Initium Media：巴士是如何變得不安全的？大埔奪命意外後，兩位車長如是說](https://theinitium.com/article/20180213-hongkong-kmb-bus-accident/](https://theinitium.com/article/20180213-hongkong-kmb-bus-accident/)

> 導致車長長期疲勞的，不只是超長工時制度。過往曾出現公司為削減成本，而減少出車率、行內叫「收車」的做法：一條巴士線路原本10部車行駛，只出6部，乘客等車及上車時間延長，於是行車時間亦延長，但載客量可維持不變。「以前有段時間，回到車廠，沒有車給我們開。」尹偉民說。

### Question:
## 一條巴士線路上现在有多少部车？
问题拆分：
一條 *巴士線路* 上 *现在* 有 *多少部车* ？

### Is this question appropriate? (Should we compare the real time ETA and official time-table instead?)

### 巴士線路
- [x] Structured Data: `stop: JO02W10000`
- [x] Geolocation
- [x] Visualization: Mapbox?
- [x] http://search.kmb.hk/KMBWebSite/ 可以看到网络请求：
- [x] 所有巴士站：http://search.kmb.hk/KMBWebSite/Function/FunctionRequest.ashx?action=getallstops
- [x] 此巴士站线路： http://search.kmb.hk/KMBWebSite/Function/FunctionRequest.ashx?action=getRoutesInStop&bsiCode=YU05-T-1200-0
- [x] 按一个线路后同时发送 5 个请求：
- [x] 此线路信息： http://search.kmb.hk/KMBWebSite/Function/FunctionRequest.ashx?action=getstops&route=182%20%20%20%20%20&bound=1&serviceType=1
- [x] 此线路通知： http://search.kmb.hk/KMBWebSite/Function/FunctionRequest.ashx?action=getAnnounce&route=182&bound=1
- [x] 此线路的特别线路： http://search.kmb.hk/KMBWebSite/Function/FunctionRequest.ashx?action=getSpecialRoute&route=182&bound=1
- [x] 此线路 BBI （不知道什么鬼）： http://search.kmb.hk/KMBWebSite/Function/FunctionRequest.ashx?action=getbbiforroute&route=182&bound=1
- [x] 此线路 Schedule： http://search.kmb.hk/KMBWebSite/Function/FunctionRequest.ashx?action=getschedule&route=182&bound=1

[巴士路線及收費資料（英文／繁體中文／簡體中文）
](https://data.gov.hk/tc-data/dataset/hk-td-tis_3-routes-and-fares-of-public-transport/resource/f99b1c3f-4150-4e4a-a351-a30014a60565)

### 现在 Real-time API
- [ ] [有没有 API？](http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201601/06/P201601060325.htm)
- （六）运输署有否鼓励各公共交通营办商开放旗下交通工具到站的实时数据，让运输署及其他机构发展提供交通服务实时资讯的系统；若有，现时的进展为何；若否，该署会否鼓励该等营办商开放有关数据？
- 所涉数据属相关公司所有，数据数量庞大而变化迅速，亦涉及个别营办商的商业营运资料。为进一步方便乘客，运输署正与专营巴士公司商讨，以便在署方的「香港乘车易」智能手机程式加入连结至个别路线实时巴士服务资讯的新功能。当具体安排落实后 blah blah (没有对公众的 API)

- [ ] 可否抓包？
- [ ] Surge 抓包 DONE
- [ ] http://etav3.kmb.hk/?action=geteta&lang=tc&route=2E&bound=1&stop=JO02W10000&stop_seq=7&servicetype=01&updatedTime=1519916030000

curl 'http://etav3.kmb.hk/?action=geteta&lang=tc&route=2E&bound=1&stop=JO02W10000&stop_seq=7&servicetype=01&updatedTime=1519916030000' -H 'Host: etav3.kmb.hk' -H 'Accept: */*' -H 'User-Agent: myBus/1 CFNetwork/894 Darwin/17.4.0' -H 'Accept-Language: en-us' -H 'Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate' -H 'Connection: keep-alive' --compressed

### 多少部车?
- [x] 有了 API， 但是只有每个站点最近3班车的计划到站时间
比如 `3 分钟` `15 分钟计划` `23 分钟计划`， 怎么算现在这条路线有多少部车？

### 展示？
- 前端 Mapbox
- deck.gl
- https://uber.github.io/deck.gl/#/examples/custom-layers/trip-routes
- https://uber.github.io/deck.gl/#/examples/core-layers/hexagon-layer

### 其他数据源

- https://data.gov.hk/en-data/dataset/hk-td-tis_3-routes-and-fares-of-public-transport
- http://static.data.gov.hk/td/routes-and-fares/dataspec/ptroutefare_dataspec.pdf

### Legal

http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr15-16/chinese/panels/tp/papers/tp20160115cb4-595-1-c.pdf
系統的開發和運作涉及專營巴士公司的相當資源，而實時到站數據屬公司的私產，亦涉及商業營運資料。有見及此，專營巴士公司表示現時無意公開數據予其他應用程式開發者免費使用。

So the government regarded the schedule data of buses as the private property of franchised bus companies. This property right is probably exercised throught the copyright of the data. Let's examine the basic question of copyrightability of data.

According to the Hong Kong Copyright Ordinance section 4
http://www.hklii.org/eng/hk/legis/ord/528/s4.html
"literary work" (文學作品) means any work, other than a dramatic or musical work, which is written, spoken or sung, and accordingly includes—
(a)a compilation of data or other material, in any form, which by reason of the selection or arrangement of its contents constitutes an intellectual creation, including but not limiting to a table;
(b)a computer program; and
(c)preparatory design material for a computer program;

https://www.bitlaw.com/copyright/database.html

An example of a database that is protected as a compilation would be a database of selected quotations from U.S. Presidents. The individual quotations themselves may or may not be subject to copyright protection. However, the selection of the quotations involves enough original, creative expression that it is protected by copyright. Therefore, a database of quotations will be protected by copyright as a compilation even though some of the quotations are not protected.

https://law.stackexchange.com/questions/11359/can-you-copyright-data

Subject matter eligible for copyright protection in the US must be expressive and creative. To the extent data are merely measurements of observable fact in the world, they are not copyrightable.