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    # 網球 ###### tags: `RD1-Sport` :::spoiler 目錄 > [TOC] ::: ![](https://i.imgur.com/X20pdqO.png) 網球是一項運動,常見的有一對一的單打和二對二的雙打,對抗雙方隔著球網,用球拍將網球擊打至對方場地中,目標是令對方無法將球打回我方場地。 ## 基本規則 - 場地 > [網球達人,球場種類和屬性你知否?](https://kknews.cc/sports/2y8g9py.html 網球比賽在一個長方形的場地上進行。網球場地上用白線劃出界線。 標準網球場的長度是23.77米(78英尺)。 單打比賽的球場寬度定為8.23米(27英尺),雙打比賽則為10.97米(36英尺)。 球場左右兩旁的線相應地稱為「單打邊線」或「雙打邊線」。 球場兩端的白線稱為「底線」。兩條底線的中間標有短小的中界點。球場周圍必須留出空間。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/vKfaKFu.png) > 由左至右為硬地 紅土 草地 - 硬地 ![](https://i.imgur.com/OnbmeOe.png) **材質**:一般主要為丙烯酸塑膠材質; **特點**:環保無毒無害、平整度好、硬度高耐磨、由於比較硬,所以長期在這種場地上打球要做好熱身活動和拉伸放鬆活動,減緩疲勞積累、減少損傷發生; **球感**:彈跳規律、硬度高反彈速度快; - 紅土 ![](https://i.imgur.com/0ctA6Y0.png) **材質**:主要材質為沙土; **特點**: 1. 沙土地有較好的緩衝、跑動比較舒服、不易損傷膝、踝關節,適合中老年人和兒童; 2. 球員在跑動中會有滑動,故在紅土打球對球員的體能和耐心有挑戰,更適合底線性選手發揮; 3. 邊線是由釘子固定,因此落在邊線上的球會有不規則彈跳。 4. 沙土場維護較為麻煩,一般的紅土場地處理不當會出現場地平整度不好,標線不清等問題,灰塵較多,鞋襪容易粘塵; **球感**:紅土場地會使球速降低、落地後有較大的的摩擦、球的旋轉效果明顯。 - 草地 ![](https://i.imgur.com/Mzu1ISR.jpg) **材質**:只要分為天然草皮球場和人工草皮球場兩種; **特點**:由於草地較滑,落地時與地面摩擦力非常小,球的反彈速度快,對球員的反應和速度有較高的要求。故,在草地比賽中對攻球較多,像發球上網和隨球上網等強攻戰術更易發揮優勢。 **球感**:球落地後較滑,球速較快。 - 玩法規則 **一場**網球比賽一般由1至5盤比賽構成,而每一盤一般又分數局。率先贏得規定局數的選手贏得一盤,而率先贏得規定盤數的選手則贏得比賽。球賽有五盤制或三盤制之別,五盤制者先勝三盤者為勝,三盤制則先勝二盤者為勝。 **一盤**球賽有13局,先勝六局者為勝,但如打成5比5平手時,則須打至有一方贏7局,其中如果是先打成6比6平手時,最後一局,也就是第13局也稱為決勝局。 **一局**球賽有4分,先獲4分者為勝,但如打成3分比3分平手時,則要打到有一方勝對方2分為止。而決勝局先獲7分者為勝,但如打成6比6平手時,亦要打到有一方勝對方2分為止。一局比賽結束之後交換發球權。 **一分**的產生,有下列各種情況: 1. 發球者同1分的發球權中2個發球都失誤。 2. 比賽選手身體觸球。 3. 擊回時連擊或滯球。 4. 未能在第二彈跳以前擊球。 5. 擊球出界或未過網。 6. 未死球前身體觸網或越過對方場地影響對手擊球。 ## 賽制與賽事 - 大滿貫 **1. 澳洲網球公開賽(Australian Open)** - 比賽時間: 每年1月份。 - 比賽地點: 澳洲墨爾本。 - 比賽場地: 硬地。 **2. 法國網球公開賽(French Open)** - 比賽時間: 每年5~6月份。 - 比賽地點: 法國巴黎。 - 比賽場地: 紅土。 **3. 溫布敦網球公開賽(The Championships, Wimbledon)** - 比賽時間: 每年6~7月份。 - 比賽地點: 英國倫敦。 - 比賽場地: 草地。 **4. 美國網球公開賽(U.S. Open)** - 比賽時間: 每年8~9月份。 - 比賽地點: 美國紐約。 - 比賽場地: 硬地。 - ATP世界巡迴賽大師1000賽 - **ATP世界巡迴賽大師1000賽** 由九項賽事組成,是男子網球僅次於大滿貫的重要比賽。 所有賽事皆為每年舉辦,每奪得一個冠軍即可獲得世界排名積分1000分。 當職業網球聯合會主席漢密爾頓·約旦於1990年上任時,大會將當時除大滿貫外最重要的九項賽事改制為「超九」賽事,即為後來的網球大師系列賽。 每年11月網球賽季結束後,世界排名前八的選手還可參加一項採分組循環的ATP世界巡迴賽總決賽。 - **ATP世界巡迴賽總決賽** 是一項網球錦標賽,在每年的年底舉行,參賽者是當年男子網球ATP冠軍排名(ATP Champion Race)前八的選手。 但是根據大師杯賽的規則,在ATP冠軍排名第八位的選手並不一定能有資格參賽。 如果一名選手是當年四大滿貫賽事冠軍之一且排名在前20名以內(但排名在第八名以外),那他就可取代排名第八的選手進入大師杯賽,但如果超過一名球員符合上述條件,以冠軍排名較高者為優先。 同其它的男子巡迴賽不同,網球大師杯賽不是採用直接淘汰的賽制。 而是所有的8名選手被分成兩組,每組4人,採用小組單循環的形式,即每個選手必須跟本組的其他選手各交手一次。 每個小組成績最好的前兩名進入半決賽,再由半決賽的勝出者進入決賽來爭奪冠軍的歸屬。 ## 投注玩法 ### 參考示意圖 > [每日賽事參考資訊-網球](https://docs.sportslottery.com.tw/staticpage/s-445.html) ![](https://i.imgur.com/5CNcyfu.png) #### 不讓分 `預測一場運動比賽的對戰球隊(或球員)在比賽結束時,哪一支球隊(或球員)獲得勝利。` #### 讓分 `預測一場比賽的對戰球隊在規定比賽時間結束時,兩隊比分經過讓分調整後的勝方球隊。` #### 大小 `預測一場比賽的對戰球隊在規定比賽結束時,兩隊總得分大於或小於所指定總得分的一種簡單玩法。` #### 讓分(局數) `預測一局比賽的對戰球隊在規定比賽時間結束時,兩隊比分經過讓分調整後的勝方球隊。` #### 大小(局數) `預測一場運動比賽在規定比賽時間結束時,2隊局數的總得分` #### 單雙 `預測一場運動比賽在規定比賽時間結束時,2隊總得分為單數或是雙數;當兩隊總得分為0時,我們算雙數。` #### 不讓分(局數) `在選定的一場比賽及數節數中,預測該節的結果為客隊(或球員)獲勝、主隊(或球員)獲勝,或是和局。` #### 不讓分(盤數) `在選定的一場比賽中,預測該場的結果盤數為客隊(或球員)獲勝、主隊(或球員)獲勝,或是和局。` #### 正確比數 `在預測一場運動比賽在比賽結束時,客隊和主隊(或是對戰選手組合)的最終比數是X:Y。` ## 參考資料 [網球介紹](https://www.sportslottery.com.tw/zh-tw/innovation/55) [每日賽事參考資訊-網球](https://docs.sportslottery.com.tw/staticpage/s-445.html) [體育投注知識](https://hackmd.io/KvOf-fzRQX2CkqbeJ7YxiA)

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