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    --- # 期末專題構想書:辨別假新聞 ## 隊伍資訊 隊名:Awakened Illusion 成員: - 106331039 張力中 - 106331040 李政育 - 106830046 郭峻廷 - 106370138 陳詠怡 ## 動機與目的 在現今社會,大量的資訊可以快速的傳播,為了能夠吸引大眾目光,有些媒體為了吸取讀者注意力常以聳動標題呈現,卻造成讀者誤會。或是有心人士利用散佈不實消息帶風向,達到政治或商業的利益,使社會充斥各種錯誤資訊難以辨別真偽,即可稱為「假新聞」或「假消息」![^fake_news] 根據頂尖期刊「科學」(Science)的論文「[The spread of true and false news online](https://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6380/1146)」,研究發現[^spread_of_news]: > 假新聞比真相傳播的人更多。假新聞的前1%傳播到1000到100,000個人之間,而真相很少傳播到超過1000個人。假新聞也比真相散佈得更快。 除了不隨意轉發來路不明的資訊外,也不要以為眼見就能為憑,更不要持單一立場做解讀。應該培養的是主動探究的意願、多元思考的能力以及自我反思的批判來面對現今龐大的資訊量。 本專題將結合在課堂上的知識,訓練一個分辨真假新聞的模型,期望這次專題的成果能夠初步分類訊息來源的可靠性,進而達到所學的目的,也是訓練獨立思考的好方法。 ## 方法與步驟簡述 ### 資料來源 資料來自 Kaggle 上的「Fake and real news dataset」資料集[^news_data]。此資料集的每筆資料包含了文章之標題、內文、主題以及發布日期。資料數量及分布如下: ![](https://i.imgur.com/pgP1eTa.jpg) 以下為範例資料: ![](https://i.imgur.com/W422Yko.png) ### 模型與方法 預期使用遞歸神經網路(recurrent neural networks,RNN)中的長短期記憶(Long Short-Term Memory,LSTM)架構。 RNN是一種用於處理序列數據的神經網路,相比一般的神經網路來說,他能夠處理序列變化的數據。比如某個單詞的意思會因為上文提到的內容不同而有不同的含義,RNN就能夠很好地解決這類問題。而LSTM是一種特殊的RNN,主要是為了解決長序列訓練過程中的梯度消失和梯度爆炸問題。簡單來說,就是相比普通的RNN,LSTM能夠在更長的序列中有更好的表現。[^RNN_introduce] ## 預期成果 此專題在有限的資料量下,希望能提高分辨真、假新聞的準確率,降低甚至有效減緩不實訊息的散布,在這個資訊量爆炸的時代提供一個可靠的平台,自我檢視和反思資訊來源的正確與否。 ## 參考資料 [^fake_news]: [資訊爆炸的世代,如何分辨假新聞/假消息?](https://www.368tw.com/fake_news/) [^spread_of_news]: [The spread of true and false news online](https://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6380/1146) [^news_data]: [Fake and real news dataset](https://www.kaggle.com/clmentbisaillon/fake-and-real-news-dataset) [^LSTM_eg]: [LSTM範例](https://www.kaggle.com/namanjeetsingh/fake-news-classifier-using-lstm) [^RNN_introduce]: [人人都能看懂的LSTM](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/32085405)

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