Mitigations
1. SMEP
dont allow to execute user space code
in qemu, to enable SMEP we use -cpu+smep to disasble it use -append nosmep
SMEP is a hardware security mechanism. Setting the 21st bit of the CR4 register enables SMEP.
2. SMAP
kernel space cannot read or write userspace memory
to do that we need to use copy_from_user / copy_to_user