Chirp Signal in Control Theory In control systems engineering, a chirp signal (a signal whose frequency increases or decreases with time) is sometimes used for system identification and tuning. This involves injecting a known signal into the system and analyzing the response to identify characteristics and optimize controller parameters. https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight/pull/13105 https://github.com/pichim/bf_controller_tuning

Sandisk 32GB works on Betaflight format with: https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/formatter/ Otherwise, try 4GB partition. Betaflight Offical documentation: https://betaflight.com/docs/development/blackbox#microsdhc

https://app.betaflight.com/ Is a Progressive Web App (PWA). Is version 11 and supports Betaflight 4.6, 4.5, 4.4, 4.3 only. Can be "Installed". install-app Compatibility Requires "Web Serial" https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Serial_API#browser_compatibility Works in Google-Chrome (Chromium/Thorium), Microsoft-Edge, Opera. Brave Browser needs: brave://flags/#brave-web-serial-api, enable Serial. (Now default on new installs) Firefox does not work.

Notes Use the USB-C plug: Do not repeatedly uninstall/reinstall the SDCard. The sdcard cage is easy to damage. Radiomaster recommends USB-C. Make a backup of the factory SDCard contents before doing anything. RadioMaster Internal ELRS Module; Max Baud = 5.25M

Videos BLHeli32JB/Harrell full series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwoDb7WF6c8kXOyPdBog1wtRcxnXMasUb JB/Harrell desync specific: https://youtu.be/oKcyXR7Yx64 (@21:17) Pawel Spychalski Demag-Compensation: https://youtu.be/c94e9TCCP8Y Kabab micro rampup: https://youtu.be/obObn1oGWmU <-- read Mr.ShutterBug's comment as well! JB's variable PWM https://youtu.be/xuQeJA4EGr8 Chris Rosser BLHeli32 2021: https://youtu.be/7WeHTb7aBrE Chris Rosser BLHeli32 2024: https://youtu.be/6gv0_jTEYZM BlueJay

Debian/Ubuntu Edit/create udev rules (use vi, nano, or any text editor). * Note: The filename/order can be different as per personal preferences. 45-stdfu-permissions.rules is typical of most Cleanflight/Betaflight installations/documents. sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/45-stdfu-permissions.rules Copy/paste this content and save it: (See STM list here: https://devicehunt.com/view/type/usb/vendor/0483) # All STMicroelectronics STM32 devices SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0483", ATTRS{idProduct}=="****", GROUP="plugdev", MODE="0664" # All Artery AT32 devices SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="2e3c", ATTRS{idProduct}=="****", GROUP="plugdev", MODE="0664"

Prerequisite Radio affects PIDs: Make sure ADC filter is disabled in EdgeTX/OpenTX. Make sure to apply proper RC_LINK preset. (250Hz, 500Hz, etc.) Safety Test hover tunes before full-send: Recommend test hovering tunes in short increments while checking motor heat. (10 second, 25s, 50s increments.) Tuning

Outdated/Incomplete. Comments open; Please offer info. Hardware https://dronetag.cz/products/dri/ https://bluemark.io/2023/05/remote-id-db122fpv-add-on-for-fpv-drones/ (ref) https://www.flitetest.com/pages/ez_id https://www.phoenixuas.us/about Dec 2024 quick edit https://www.droneblog.com/best-remote-id-modules/AeroPing

Betaflight Configurator is ONLY for Betaflight-capable flight-controllers, not DJI equipment, not Walksnail Equipment, not Radio-Controllers, not anything else. Recommend latest Configurator 10.10: https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight-configurator/releasesOr better, the still in development Web-App https://app.betaflight.com/ (11.0); (Chrome, Chromium, Brave, Edge; Not Firefox; Not most Android.) Use data-cable, not charge-cable. not all data-cables are perfect. USB-C-Only laptops and/or newer FC’s with USB-C often need OTG cable or USB-A to USB-C dapters. DFU mode is for update/flashing; normal mode is for connect/configurations Windows: Uninstall any broken drivers in Windows "Device Manager" that have the warning sign "⚠️". (Typically also "Delete the driver software for this device".)

requires github account to see/download build "artifacts" which live for only 90 days, after which they no longer are downloadable. Goggle Binaries (merged) -- <font color="#f00">Do NOT apply to Box-Goggles</font> https://github.com/hd-zero/hdzero-goggle/actions?query=event%3Apush+branch%3AmainRecommend "latest"from above link (or anything Jan 24th and later). Or the latest pre-release (which may be older than above link): https://github.com/hd-zero/hdzero-goggle/releases/tag/v9.5.0-rc2 Goggle PR's (merged/unmerged) https://github.com/hd-zero/hdzero-goggle/pulls?q=is%3Apr VTX Binaries (merged)

Clang in Debian via llvm.sh: https://apt.llvm.org/ (specifically download and utilize https://apt.llvm.org/llvm.sh)easier how-to: https://fostips.com/install-clang-debian/ (use method 2, as method 1 is same as above) GCC/CPP in Debian: via PPA: https://markusthill.github.io/blog/2024/installing-gcc/ via compile: https://steronius.blogspot.com/2025/02/installing-cpp-13-gcc-13-and-g-13-in.html set default version: https://steronius.blogspot.com/2021/10/set-cpp-9-or-gcc-9-as-default-in-debian.html USB: https://hackmd.io/@nerdCopter/H1dtIuUSn

FAQ / gyro X locked dma Locked just means the gyro interrupt pin is defined and the PID loop is synched to the gyro update rate. DMA means the gyro SPI bus is using DMA. -- Thank you @V-22

FAQ / Betaflight Taz-Out Possible causes FC board orientation wrong motor order wrong motor direction(s) wrong propeller direction(s) wrong Solution

FAQ / Motor glitching or not spinning-up properly Potentially: need to tune BlueJay's Min/Max Startup Power (see also Migrating from BLHeli_S) need to tune motor idle (whether static or dynamic) (1" whoops easily 9-14% static) loose plug. broken or almost broken motor wires/solders . dirt/dust/hair in motor. less likely: broken winding on motor stator. possibly dying ESC, but check everything else first.

FAQ / No OSD in Betaflight 4.5 be sure to enable OSD in the Configuration tab. image for Analog quads, only build with OSD_SD selected; for Digital, only build with OSD_HD selected. i.e. one or the other, not both. OSD_SD-vs-OSD_HDtechnically, you could have both, but it will default to a Digital (HD) configuration which needs changing. This pull-request is the source of defaulting to HD settings when both are compiled: https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight/pull/12184 for HD, set the UART in ports tab: 2024-08-28_092728 To change to Analog OSD: (Alternativly, could force MAX7456, NTSC, PAL, etc.)

32.9 along with Betflight 4.4.0, 4.4.1, 4.5 pre-RC1 had a serious safety issue that could cause ESC to go full-throttle. For 32.9, recommend disable DSHOT-BEACON for added safety. However, If you are stuck on 32.9, be hyper cautious when plugging in Use Betaflight released 4.4.2+ or 4.5.x+ where DShot motor 0 packets are sent for safety purposes. (where "+" means "and later") https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight/pull/12544 https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight/pull/12560 Potentially related, unclear: https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight/pull/12709

FAQ / I'm new to FPV, how do I upgrade/flash my working quad? Answer: DON'T There is no real need to upgrade your working quad unless there is specifically something that will get fixed by doing so. These are not like computers that always need to be up-to-date. Flashing will erase everything. Make a backup of your settings.Via Presets tab > Save Backup, or Via CLI tab diff all and dump all, then Save to file. But I insist, how do I flash? Once you have a backup, flash from the Update Firmware button on the top-right of the Configurator.

FAQ / I'm killing my LiPo's or my LiPo's are killing me LiPo Info https://oscarliang.com/lipo-battery-guide Lipo Health Try not fly lower than 3.7v per cell. Always maintain your LiPo at 50% (storage charge) while not in use. https://blog.ampow.com/lipo-voltage-chart/ LiPo Safety

Possible causes: ports-tab: pertinent UART's Serial RX toggle must be enabled. RX/TX is mistakenly soldered in reverse. some FC's dont like it on UART1, try another UART. protocol is mistakenly not setup in receiver tab. rectify with: feature RX_SERIAL set serialrx_provider = CRSF set serialrx_inverted = OFF set serialrx_halfduplex = OFF

In the case of DSHOT_TELEM, toggle set DSHOT_BITBANG = , ON or OFF as there is a bug in release 4.5.0 that requires it to be same as RPM-filtering toggle. Fixed in 4.5.1 and later. image In the case of arming flag DSHOT_BITBANG only in the Configurator, there was a bug in Configurator displaying improper arm-flag. Try https://app.betaflight.com/ or nightly builds of 10.10 https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight-configurator-nightlies/releases should be: https://betaflight.com/docs/wiki/guides/current/dshot-rpm-filtering#timer-based-bidirectional-dshot bugfixes:https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight/pull/13633 https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight/pull/13634 https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight-configurator/pull/3660 https://github.com/betaflight/betaflight-configurator/pull/4152