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# Header | Header | 基本排版 | |
- Unordered List |
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1. Ordered List |
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- [ ] Todo List |
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> Blockquote | Blockquote |
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**Bold font** | Bold font | ||
*Italics font* | Italics font | ||
~~Strikethrough~~ | |||
19^th^ | 19th | ||
H~2~O | H2O | ||
++Inserted text++ | Inserted text | ||
==Marked text== | Marked text | ||
[link text](https:// "title") | Link | ||
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`Code` | Code |
在筆記中貼入程式碼 | |
```javascript var i = 0; ``` |
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:smile: | ![]() |
Emoji list | |
{%youtube youtube_id %} | Externals | ||
$L^aT_eX$ | LaTeX | ||
:::info This is a alert area. ::: |
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floating-point format
1.比較兩個數字的指數;將較小的數向右移動,直到
指數將匹配較大的指數
2.加有效數
3.標準化總和,要么右移並增加指數,要么左移
並遞減指數
4.判斷overflow or underflow
5.是的話例外處理
6.不是的話將有效值四捨五入到適當的值位數
7.判斷是否標準化(浮點數形式)
8.是就結束
9.不是就重複第三步驟
得到新的有偏指數
正確並增加指數
underflow?
位數
pipline
危障
資料危障
硬體解決可以使用 forwards
Wb for load 會發生問題
detectiom the need to Forward
記憶體(Memory)
Locality
-> It’s likely to need this word again in the near future
-> There is high probability that the other data in the block will be needed soon
Cache Memory
Block placement
Block identification
Source: Lecture 7: Caches
https://people.engr.tamu.edu/djimenez/taco/utsa-www/cs5513-fall07/lecture7.html
Block replacement
Write strategy
1. 針對資料命中而言(Write hit):
優點: 資料一致性
缺點: 操作量大,等待時間較長,也因為操作量大,故需要write buffer減少硬體衝突
優點: 節省了大量的寫入操作,速度快
缺點: 因為只在快取作更改,資料會有不一致的問題,並且在快取丟失資料時,通常也來不及做存取至記憶體
2. 若沒命中(Write miss):
Source:
什麼是write-allocate policy? https://blog.csdn.net/dahailantian1/article/details/78584856
磁碟陣列(RAID)