Abstract This GIP proposes reducing the Curation Tax parameter in the protocol from 2.5% to 1%. The proposal evaluates this change in the context of a previously undisclosed attack we refer to as a Subgraph Withholding Attack. Motivation As production subgraphs migrate to The Graph's decentralized network, we have collected more data and feedback on the total costs of using the network as a subgraph developer. As many subgraph developers initially signaled ~100K GRT initially when using the network, the cost of upgrading a subgraph currently sits around 2.5K GRT. This cost is in addition to the opportunity cost of locking up the signal as well as the cost of actually paying for query fees. Note This ignores the curation tax costs associated with signal delegation, which will be addressed in a separate GIP. See Future Work.
1/18/2023Abstract The Graph has a protocol role called an Arbitrator who is assigned through decentralized governance. The Arbitrator is an Ethereum Account that has the ability to decide the outcome of disputes in the protocol. The purpose of the Arbitration Charter are to establish norms that constrain the Arbitrator's actions beyond what is expressible or currently expressed in smart contract code. We propose that any Arbitrator that does not comply with the norms laid out in this charter be replaced via decentralized governance. This section contains the body of the arbitration charter. Later sections elaborate on the context and motivation for the design. Arbitration Charter 1. Role of the Arbitrator. The role of the Arbitrator is to decide the outcome of indexing and query disputes. Their goal is to maximize the utility and reliability of The Graph Network. They fulfill this purpose by looking at the Proofs of Indexing (PoIs) or query Attestations associated with a dispute and checking if they correspond to the results that the Arbitrator produced when reproducing the work themselves. They decide the outcome of the dispute according to the norms laid out in this charter and based on whether the PoI or Attestation was produced correctly.
6/4/2021Abstract This proposal introduces two different slashing percentages, one for indexing disputes and another for query disputes. This change allows slashing percentages to be set in such a way that accounts for the different risks of producing slashable faults while indexing and querying. Motivation One of the security mechanisms in The Graph relies on filing disputes whenever an Indexer presents a wrong Proof of Indexing (PoI) or if it returns a query with inaccurate data. After any participant files a dispute, the Arbitrators will decide if the dispute is valid according to norms established via protocol governance. If the Arbitrator accepts the dispute, the offending Indexer's stake is slashed according to a governance parameter called slashingPercentage. The issue with having a single slashingPercentage parameter for both indexing and query disputes is that an Indexer, in the regular day-to-day operation, will return a disproportionately higher amount of queries than PoIs. As a result, servicing queries is a higher-risk activity than indexing.
6/4/2021Abstract This proposal defines a process for defining the canonical behavior of the subgraph API in the protocol as well as establishing the matrix of subgraph API features and their corresponding supported protocol features. Motivation A core value proposition of The Graph, as a decentralized protocol for indexing and querying public data is that a Consumer can trust the integrity of the work performed by the network, with minimal or zero trust in any individual Indexer. There are a number of techniques for achieving this with varying degrees of trust minimization. These include off-chain reputation systems as well as mechanisms that may be combined with slashing such as arbitration, refereed games and cryptographic fraud or validity proofs. In general, the more trustless the mechanism, the greater the research and engineering effort required to implement it. This proposal therefore describes a support matrix comprising which subgraph API features can be used in conjunction with which features of the protocol, as determined by the strength of the techniques available for guaranteeing the integrity of said features. Having this granular support matrix allows new subgraph API features to be continuously and immediately added to the protocol with additional protocol features supported for those features in later stages--all while driving query volume for these features to the decentralized network, as opposed to any centralized services that might be used to expose these features. Additionally, all the mentioned techniques with the notable exception of reputation systems, require that the work that Indexer perform be defined deterministically. Therefore, this proposal also describes how a canonical version of the subgraph API may be established via decentralized governance. This is a hard requirement for supporting protocol features such as disputing and slashing Indexers for invalid indexing or query work.
6/4/2021or
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