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    # 土地增值稅 ### 納稅義務人 - 有償移轉 - 原所有權人 - 無償移轉 - 取得所有權人 - 出典人 - 有償信託土地 - 受託人(受託人移轉土地所有權) - 無償信託土地 - 受益人 - 代繳人: - 納稅義務人未於期限內繳納,由取得所有權人繳納 --- ### 課稅範圍 - 所有權移轉 - 設定典權 --- ### 課稅內容 #### 土地漲價總數額 - 申報土地移轉現值-(原規定地價或前次移轉現值×CPI指數)-( 改良土地費用+工程受益費+土地重劃費用+因土地使用變更而無償捐贈作為公共設施用地其捐贈土地之公告現值總額) - 申報移轉現值 - 契約總價值或公告土地現值擇一申報。 - 申報移轉現值低於公告土地現值得由主管機關照價收買或照公告土地現值徵收土地增值稅 - 前次移轉現值 - 未曾轉讓者,依民國53年規定地價計算 - 曾經轉讓者:前次核計土增稅之現值 - 繼承者:以繼承開始時之公告現值為成本/ - 繼承前領回抵價地之地價,高於繼承時公告現值,從高認定 - 原規定地價 - 政府第一次辦理規定地價之地價 #### 減免規定 - 因繼承而取得之土地 - 政府出售或贈與公有土地或受贈私有土地 - 私人捐贈供興辦社會福利事業或私立學校 - 受贈人為財團法人 - 解散時,剩餘財產歸當地政府所有 - 贈與人未以任何方式取得捐贈土地之利益 - 配偶相互贈與土地,得申請不課徵土增稅,但是再移轉時,應就第一次移轉時之移轉現值申報 - 土地信託: - 信託行為成立,委託人與受託人間 - 信託關係存續中,原受託人與新受託人 - 受益人為委託人者,信託關係結束後受託人與受益人 - 被徵收之土地(尚未徵收即出售需用土地者,準用) - 都市之公設保留地:未徵收前即移轉,但經變更為非公設地,應依第一次免徵土增稅前之移轉現值計算土地漲價總數額 - 非都市土地:同上 - 重劃地: - 重劃後之土地,第一次移轉減徵土增稅40% - 區段徵收: - 以現金補償者,免徵 - 因抵價地不足最小建築面積而受有現金補償者,免徵 - 區段徵收: - 以抵價地補償者,免徵 - 領回抵價地後第一次移轉,應按領回抵價地之地價為原地價,計算土地漲價總數額 - 農業用地移轉至自然人得申請不課徵 - 未做農業使用之農地,應於再移轉時,課徵土增稅(有配偶相互贈與,應合併計算期間) - 農地土增稅只能追溯到民國89年 - 共有土地分割前與分割後,持有人價值相等者免徵 - 價值有減少者,應就減少部分課稅 - 土地合併前與合併後價值相等者,免徵 - 價值減少者,就其減少部分課稅 #### 自用住宅優惠稅率(一生一次) - 所有權人或配偶,直系親屬辦竣戶籍登記 - 出售前一年未出租或營業 - 地上之建築改良物產權以本人,配偶,直系親屬擁有者為限 - 自用住宅評定現值不及所佔基地土地現值之10%,不適用 - 所有權人同時出受多處自用住宅,都市面積不超過3公畝,非都市面積不超過7公畝,視為一次出售 - 面積:都市不超過3公畝,非都市不超過7公畝;超過上限規定時,所有權人擇定適用順序,未擇定者,依土增稅由高至低計算 #### 自用住宅優惠稅率(一生一屋) - 已使用過一生一次租稅優惠 - 所有權人、配偶或未成年直系親屬辦竣戶籍登記滿6年 - 出售時,無該處自用住宅以外之房屋(包括信託) - 面積:都市不超過1.5公畝,非都市不超過3.5公畝 - 出售前5年未出租或營業,持有至少6年 - 先購後售一年內,亦可使用 - 僅適用出售及交換,繼承或贈與不適用 #### 重購退稅 - 5年內再行移轉或改作用途,應追繳退稅稅款 - 不包含繼承跟徵收 - 所有權人應為同一人 - 自用住宅用地出售後,另行購買: - 都市土地未超過3公畝,非都市土地未超過7公畝/ - 工廠換工廠/農地換農地 - 出售前一年內未出租或營業用 - min(出售時已繳納之土增稅 , 所購入之土地之公告現值-(所出售之土地之公告現值-出售時繳納之土增稅)) #### 信託土地 - 以該土地第一次不課徵土地增值稅前之原規定地價或最近一次課徵土地增值稅時核定之申報移轉現值為原地價,計算漲價總數額,課徵土地增值稅 - 因遺囑成立之信託 - 依遺囑人死亡日之公告現值 - 自益信託 - 受益人為委託人並享有全部利益,受益人於信託期間死亡,應以死亡日之公告現值計算土增稅 - 信託前或信託關係存續中,有支付土地改良費用及地價稅者,准予抵繳 #### 免徵土地增值稅之土地 - 依下列規定核定其移轉現值並發給免稅證明 - 免徵土增稅之土地,依實際出售價額為準 - 政府受贈之土地,以贈與契約訂約日之公告現值為準 - 抵價地依領回抵價地之地價為準 --- ### 稅率 - 一般稅率:按漲價倍數分三級稅率(20%、30%、40%)累進課徵 - 土地漲價總數額超過前次移轉現值未達100% - 20% - 超過前次移轉現值達100%~200% - 30% - 超過前次移轉現值達200%以上 - 40% - 長期持有減徵稅率表 >數字要看,某一年高普考考過! - ![](https://i.imgur.com/E87vXsm.png) - 自用住宅用地稅率:10% --- ### 應納稅額 - 土地漲價總數額\*稅率\-累進差額\-長期減徵\-增繳地價稅額\-依法減徵稅額=應納稅額 - 地價稅抵繳土增稅 - 土地持有期間,因重新規定之地價而增繳之地價稅,准予抵繳土增稅,但不超過土增稅之5% - 自重新規定地價年度起,每繳納一年地價稅,得抵繳土增稅1%,繳半年,抵0.5% ### 稽徵程序 - 訂定契約之日起30日內申報 - 收件之日7日起核定,並填發稅單 - 但申請按自用住宅用地稅率課徵者,得延長至20日 - 納稅義務人收件後30日內納稅 - 欠稅未繳清前,不得辦理移轉登記 - 小額免徵:每戶稅額100元以下者免徵 --- ### 罰則 - 行政罰 - 逃稅或減輕 - 處短匿稅額3倍罰鍰 - 未辦竣移轉登記,再行出售者 - 處再行出售移轉現值2%罰鍰 - 以下按土增稅額2倍以下處罰 - 未按捐贈目的使用土地 - 違反該事業設立宗旨 - 土地收益未全部用於各該事業 - 捐贈人以任何方式取得捐贈土地利益者 - 應補繳之稅額及罰鍰,一個月內繳清,逾期移送強制執行 - 滯納金 ``` 每3日1%,超過30日得強制執行 ``` --- ##### 聯絡資訊 有任何問題歡迎聯繫[沃夫-discord](https://discord.gg/9Pws94X6R6) 不論是筆記內容錯誤或者修正,抑或是有問題想問都歡迎點選以下連結進入社群詢問 <iframe src="https://discord.com/widget?id=1015630592336998523&theme=dark" width="350" height="500" allowtransparency="true" frameborder="0" sandbox="allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts"></iframe>

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