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    # 評估分析(Evaluation) ![](https://i.imgur.com/4PsBFxi.png) - 模型訓練完後可是還沒結束的,我們需要分析我們的模型,所以我們要帶入我們先前切割好的 「驗證資料」valid data來進行評估,而後再以「測試資料」testing data來測試。 這個過程中我們需要分析模型的準確性,可以用MAE、MSE等方法 來比對我們資料的準確性,再進行調整參數。 #### 可能會發生的兩個現象,Overfitting與Underfitting。 ### 何謂Overfitting? - Overfitting稱為過度擬合或過度學習,意思就是過度的學習訓練資料,在訓練資料可以看到很漂亮的高準確率,但當機器接觸到沒見過的資料,效果就一落千丈。 - 舉個例子:在台大電機李弘毅教授的課程中以駕訓班為例,當你在駕訓班上課時,你會記住哪根桿子要打到底、到哪個角度要回正,學習這些事情後,你會發現你開得超好,完美的S型、倒車入庫,但當你實際去道路上,沒見過的路與停車格,你會發現完蛋,完全不是駕訓班的情況,然後就會爆炸,這就是過度擬合的例子 ### 何謂Underfitting? - Underfitting稱為低度擬合,與過度擬合相對而言,就是太低了,連在訓練資料與驗證資料我們給的答案都沒辦法有不錯的準確率,更不用說在沒看過的測試資料,一定會是很慘烈的準確率,造成這樣的狀況可能是特徵太少,或特徵的相關性太低。

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