林雅璇
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    # [D22] 物件偵測(3) 上一篇我們認識了基本的 R-CNN 和 Fast-RCNN,接著來看 Faster RCNN! * **Faster RCNN** Fast R-CNN的改進,包括了減少在 R-CNN 重複提取特徵的缺點,將 ROI 映射到 feature maps 上,並用 ROI pooling 統一維度等等。 但是為了迎來更快的偵測速度,在 Proposals 上的處理也需要更有效率。 Faster RCNN 就是依據前兩個模型為基礎做改進,主要是以"RPN"和"Anchor box"的配合取代了 Selective Search! * RPN:接收一個 feature map 作為輸入 ,輸出一系列目標物體出現**可能性較高**的候選框。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/AcO4faQ.png) * Anchor box:使用 RPN 的目標是對候選框的回歸,而網絡不可能自動生成任意大小的候選框,這時就需要 Anchor ,Anchor 會根據feature map 在原圖片上劃分出很多大小、寬高比不相同的 Anchor box。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/Wsgwxog.png) feature map 上一個像素可以映射到原圖上 16 x 16 的區域大小,然後按照 1:2 ,1:1 ,2:1 三種比例生成 Anchor box。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/cUbGlJy.png) 機器只取機率前 300 高的 anchor box 進入後面的程序,這樣足以獲得很好的結果,也同時節省運算時間。那要怎麼辨別 anchor box 的去留呢? 1. 與 ground truth 有最大的 IoU。 2. 與任一個 ground truth 的 IoU 大於 0.7。 > IoU:Intersection over union,**框框的交集面積**除以**框框的聯集面積**,值會介於 0~1 之間(0 表示預測位置與標準答案之間一點邊都沒碰到;1 表示預測位置完全吻合標準答案)![](https://i.imgur.com/aw44eYF.png) [圖片來源1](https://ivan-eng-murmur.medium.com/object-detection-s3-faster-rcnn-%E7%B0%A1%E4%BB%8B-5f37b13ccdd2) [圖片來源2](https://www.hhyz.me/2018/05/28/IoUmAP/) [論文](https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Faster-R-CNN%3A-Towards-Real-Time-Object-Detection-Ren-He/424561d8585ff8ebce7d5d07de8dbf7aae5e7270)

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