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--- tags: linux2022 --- # 2022q1 Homework4 (quiz4) contributed by < `StevenChou499` > * [作業需求](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/BJJMuNRlq) * [測驗題目](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/linux2022-quiz4) --- ## 測驗 `1` > 延伸[第 3 週測驗題](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/linux2022-quiz3)的測驗 `7` ,已知輸入必為大於 `0` 的數值 (即 `x > 0` ),以下程式碼可計算$[\log _{2} (x)]$,,也就是 [ceil](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/ceil.3.html) 和 [log2](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/log2.3.html) 的組合並轉型為整數: > ```c > int ceil_log2(uint32_t x) > { > uint32_t r, shift; > > x--; > r = (x > 0xFFFF) << 4; > x >>= r; > shift = (x > 0xFF) << 3; > x >>= shift; > r |= shift; > shift = (x > 0xF) << 2; > x >>= shift; > r |= shift; > shift = (x > 0x3) << 1; > x >>= shift; > return (EXP1) + 1; > } > ``` > 請補完,使其行為符合預期。作答規範: > * `EXP1` 應以最簡潔的形式撰寫,且符合[作業一](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/linux2022-lab0)排版規範 (近似 Linux 核心程式碼排版風格) > * `EXP1` 為表示式,限制使用 `^` , `&` , `|` , `<<` , `>>` 這幾個運算子,可能會出現常數 > * `EXP1` 不該包含小括號 (即 `(` 和 `)` ) > * 為了自動批改的便利,變數出現的順序 (可從缺) 從左到右為 `r` , `shift` , `x` > * `EXP1` 不可包含 `,` 和 `;` 這樣的分隔符號 (separator) ### 思考與想法 本題與[測驗3](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/linux2022-quiz3)的第 `7` 題其實非常相似,前面之時做方法其實都是相同的,只是因為這次需要搭配計算的是 [ceil](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/ceil.3.html) 的方式, 因此一開始需要先將數字 `x` 減 `1` ,最後在計算完之後再加上 `1` ,以避免在計算以 `2` 為底的對數時少算。而因為 `EXP1` 只需要計算最後一位,不需要經過計算相加並儲存,其值為 `r | shift | x >> 1` 。 :::success EXP1 : r | shift | x >> 1 ::: --- ## 測驗 `2` > 複習〈[你所不知道的 C 語言: bitwise 操作](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/c-bitwise)〉,改寫[第 3 週測驗題](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/linux2022-quiz3)的測驗 `11` 裡頭的 fls 函式 (fls 意謂 "find last set"),使其得以計算 [Find first set](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Find_first_set): > ```c > #define BITS_PER_BYTE 8 > #define BITS_PER_LONG (sizeof(unsigned long) * BITS_PER_BYTE) > > #include <stddef.h> > > static inline size_t ffs(unsigned long x) > { > if (x == 0) > return 0; > > size_t o = 1; > unsigned long t = ~0UL; > size_t shift = BITS_PER_LONG; > > shift >>= 1; > t >>= shift; > > while (shift) { > if ((EXP2) == 0) { > x >>= shift; > EXP3; > } > > shift >>= 1; > t >>= shift; > } > > return o; > } > ``` > 請補完,使其行為符合預期。作答規範: > `EXP2` 和 `EXP3` 應以最簡潔的形式撰寫,且符合[作業一](https://hackmd.io/@sysprog/linux2022-lab0)排版規範 (近似 Linux 核心程式碼排版風格) > `EXP2` 和 `EXP3` 限制使用 ^, &, |, <<=, >>=, +=, -= 這幾個運算子,可能會出現常數 > `EXP2` 和 `EXP3` 不該包含小括號 (即 `(` 和 `)` ) > 為了自動批改的便利,變數出現的順序 (可從缺) 從左到右為 `x` , `o` , `t` , `shift` ,也就是說,你應該寫 `x ^ t` 而非 `t ^ x` > `EXP2` 和 `EXP3` 不可包含 `,` 和 `;` 這樣的分隔符號 (separator) ### 思考與想法 --- ## 測驗 `3` > 考慮以下改寫自 Linux 核心的程式碼: > ```c > struct foo_consumer { > int (*handler)(struct foo_consumer *self, void *); > struct foo_consumer *next; > }; > > struct foo { > struct foo_consumer *consumers; > unsigned long flags; > }; > > #include <stdbool.h> > > /* > * For foo @foo, delete the consumer @fc. > * Return true if the @fc is deleted sfccessfully > * or return false. > */ > static bool consumer_del(struct foo *foo, struct foo_consumer *fc) > { > struct foo_consumer **con; > bool ret = false; > > for (con = &foo->consumers; *con; EXP4) { > if (*con == fc) { > *con = EXP5; > ret = true; > break; > } > } > > return ret; > } > ``` > 請補完,使 `consumer_del` 行為符合註解規範。作答規範: > 1. `EXP4` 和 `EXP5` 應以最簡潔的形式撰寫,且符合作業一排版規範 (近似 Linux 核心程式碼排版風格) > 2.`EXP4` 和 `EXP5` 都包含指標操作 (如 `->`) ### 思考與想法 題目使用了 `pointer to a pointer` 的方式循序訪問各個 `foo_consumer` ,並比較之後若相同則刪除該 `foo_consumer` ,回傳 `true` 。因此 `EXP4` 之值應該為讓 `for` 迴圈跳往下個 `foo_consumer` 的 `con = &(*con)->next` ,而 `EXP5` 之值應該為 `con = &(*con)->next` ,才可以跳過想要刪除的點而直接連接至下一個 `foo_consumer` 。 :::success EXP4 : con = &(*con)->next EXP5 : con = &(*con)->next ::: ## 測驗 `4`

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