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# Ableton Live Note #8 ###### tags: `Music` SERUM 合成器特論 ### Oscillator 裡面的聲音==質地==可以選 * Spectral 模擬管樂的波型 * Vowel 模擬人聲的波型 ### SERUM 獲得波形的方式 1. Presets 2. Wavetable Editor自己繪製 3. Import Sample 4. 輸入PNG圖片 5. 購買他人製作的Preset包 6. 透過 FFT 傅立葉轉換取得波型 7. 輸入函數取得波形 ## 可以把聲音波型丟到 Serum 裡面讀取波型,變成可以編輯的聲音 Step1: 選取 sample 聲音檔 Step2: 丟進 Oscillator 裡面 Step3: 此時,重點來了 * 簡單的聲音 丟第一個模式 ![](https://i.imgur.com/15oIXzc.jpg) * 複雜的聲音 丟第二個模式 dynamic pitch follow * 第三個模式:不知道丟什麼模式時,就丟第三個 constant framesize * 下面三個模式 FFT(傅立葉轉換) 256, 512, 1024 就差在音高 1. 把一段 Vocal Sample 丟進去其中一個 FFT 模式 把 LFO1 按著 ![](https://i.imgur.com/s3rFwT0.png) 2. 拖曳到 WT POS ![](https://i.imgur.com/dCwwhzi.png) 按琴鍵的長音聽聽看,就可以聽到完整的調整過的聲音 ![](https://i.imgur.com/hIxFIsv.png) 3. 速度使用 Rate 旋鈕調整,看要幾小節(bar)播放完一個循環 (我目前是設定 1 bar) * ==第七個模式!!== (藏在裡面) 1. 按下右上角的筆 ![](https://i.imgur.com/7rGq4Gt.png) 2. 進去以後 import 的地方點開來 ![](https://i.imgur.com/jYtS3bE.png) 可以發現除了上述六種模式,還有一個第七種模式 這個模式點進去 3. 選擇要輸入的 sample ![](https://i.imgur.com/pIgFfTB.png) 4. 即可看到畫面 ![](https://i.imgur.com/shDCcD8.jpg) 5. 此種方法 Serum 不會切割波型,可以當作 simpler 的功能來使 用! 6. 可以使用 Asym 來玩聲音 ![](https://i.imgur.com/GKfl17V.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/oEaGp4U.png) 做完滿意可以按下左上角儲存起來 ## 透過 PNG 圖片來產生波型 網路上找圖,使用MAC螢幕截圖,就會在桌面有 PNG File 拖曳到 SERUM 裡面 ![](https://i.imgur.com/6P6RJxq.jpg) 看 3D 圖... 變成 HOW HOW 的形狀了呢... ![](https://i.imgur.com/GhnbNCu.png) ## 自己畫波型 按下畫筆 進入編輯 ![](https://i.imgur.com/7doI5TL.png) 選擇想要的形狀,還有可以調整 Grid 的大小 ![](https://i.imgur.com/LrQcW9F.png) ## 使用 FFT 來產生波型 按下畫筆 編輯 FFT 的地方在畫面的上方,有分上下部份 上面的是控制泛音 都是 Sign 波 Bin 1: 基音 Bin 2: 兩倍泛音 ![](https://i.imgur.com/vTM5YMH.jpg) Bin 16: 十六倍泛音 ![](https://i.imgur.com/nB7vYod.jpg) 下面的是畫相位 相位 0 度 = 360 度,所以全畫 = 沒有畫 ![](https://i.imgur.com/mRROE8R.jpg) 相位 180 度 = 顛倒 ![](https://i.imgur.com/oBdLHt9.jpg) :::info Note: 無論 Sample 目前切成幾格,都可以透過畫面中 Morph 功能把波型切成 256 格立體形狀 ::: ## 輸入函數取得波形 ![](https://i.imgur.com/bpu3P6j.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/PJ5uPHX.png) ## Filter L = Low Pass H = High Pass P = Peak N = Notch LH: Low Pass + High Pass LP: Low pass + Peak ![](https://i.imgur.com/BbuRgLt.png) 模擬產生人聲 --> Formant Filter ![](https://i.imgur.com/orEqfiA.png) ## Modulation 調變 幫聲音"**調味**" ### Serum 的 Modulator (調變器) 有以下幾種 1. Envelope 封包 包絡 2. LFO Low Frequency Oscillator 低頻振盪器 3. Chaos LFO 亂數 LFO ### 調變得要件 1. Source 用哪一台調變器來調變 2. Target/Destination: 被調變的參數是誰 3. Amount: 控制調變的大小 4. Via: Source透過其他參數來控制調變的大小 ### Envlope (封包/包絡) * Amplitude/Amplifier Envlope: 決定震幅(音量)和時間的關係 * Modulation Envlope: 決定各個參數的==移動走向==和時間的關係 ![](https://theproaudiofiles.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Screen-Shot-2017-07-05-at-3.50.34-PM.png) ### Envlope 的 **四大參數** * A: **Attack** **按下琴鍵**,聲音從沒聲音到最高音量的時間參數 * D: **Decay** 從最高音量衰減到 Sustain Level 的時間差 * S: **Sustain** 持續被驅動的情況下,**維持的音量** * R: **Release** **放開琴鍵時**,音量從 Sustain Level 至釋音的時間差 Hold: 控制最大值音量要維持多久 ENV1 針對音量調變 ENV2, ENV3 自定想要調整什麼 ![](https://i.imgur.com/gK2WcEw.png) #### Bass 音色調變策略: 純打開 Decay,增添動態 #### Lead 音色調變策略: 使用少量 Attack,Decay,Sustain 讓波型進入的時候有強力的 Atteck 展現 Punch,然後迅速 Decay 到差不多 50% 音量的 Sustain 維持 歌曲分享 Disorder - Douglas & Remane https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9-nNjSEqB4 中間有 Pad 的音色 #### Pad 音色的調整策略: A 開大,R 開大 ### 使用 ENV2 來自定義想要調變的參數 1. 利用 ENV2 透過 ADSR 參數調整音高 ![](https://i.imgur.com/gc2kAst.jpg) 滑鼠按住ENV2 拖曳到 OSC 的 CRS 上面 ![](https://i.imgur.com/d829UA6.png) 2. 利用 ENV2 透過 ADSR 參數控制 Filter 拖曳到 Cut off 參數上 ![](https://i.imgur.com/ZBThiXm.jpg) ## LFO TOOL ### 使用 LFO Tool 自己畫 ADSR 四大參數 可以在 LFO 上面自己畫 ADSR ![](https://i.imgur.com/eeDroNG.png) LFO 的波型可以拿來產生頻率與質地 質地: 畫波型 頻率:控制 Rate 參數 ### LFO 控制音高 同樣做法,拖曳到 OSC 裡面的 CRS 上 ![](https://i.imgur.com/zKM51J5.jpg) LFO 跟 ENV 的差別: Env 鍵盤按下去一次,跑完 ADSR 就結束了 LFO 按下去持續按著,會連續一直反覆做調變,(依照 Rate 設定的速度來做) ### LFO 的 RISE 參數 可以理解成 Fade In 的功能 ### LFO 的 DELAY 參數 控制按下鍵盤時,經過多少小節才開始跑 LFO 的調變設定 :::info LFO1, LFO2, LFO3 如果都有設定參數的話,鍵盤按下去時,會同時跑 如果想要讓他們不同時間觸發的話,可以透過分別設定 DELAY 參數來實現! ::: ### LFO 的相位設定 ![](https://i.imgur.com/l1w4q53.png) * OFF : 每按下 Keyboard 時,不一定從頭開始跑波型,因為會從不同相位開始 (波形的任何一個位置開始跑) * TRIG 模式:trigger 模式,每一次按下去,都會從頭開始跑,循環跑 * ENV 模式:模仿 Envlope,按下去跑完一次 ADSR 參數後,就停在最後面 ### LFO Rate 參數之節拍設定 ![](https://i.imgur.com/aMGrN3L.png) TRIP 打開:以三連音演奏 (triplet) DOT 打開:附點節奏 ### LFO 的 SMOOTH 參數 可以理解成 Dry/Wet 有效果/沒效果 ### LFO 的波型可在這裡選 ![](https://i.imgur.com/0Mdshux.png) ### 使用 LFO 模擬 Stepper 按住 shift 鍵,去畫 LFO 的波型 ![](https://i.imgur.com/4sHyktq.jpg) 然後設定 LFO 拖曳去控制 OSC 上的音高,即可完成 Stepper 的功能 p.s. 格子的數量最多可以到 16 ![](https://i.imgur.com/5vW9icS.png) 其他選項解說 Flat 就是上面的 Stepper 模式 ![](https://i.imgur.com/izk1Dao.png) 選 Ramp Up 或是 Ramp Down 來玩玩看 變成這樣了 ![](https://i.imgur.com/BfiBpP3.png) ### 使用 Chaos LFO 藏在 Serum 的 Global 裡面 ![](https://i.imgur.com/AuJQbn2.png) 可以透過 MATRIX 裡面加入 MATRIX 裡面館 Modulator 的使用紀錄 ![](https://i.imgur.com/pEVRhXA.jpg) ## 聲音設計的規則 #### 『時間和動態的關係』 (時間和變化的關係) 1. 先想像要什麼聲音 2. 找波型 OSC選擇或繪製波型,看需求扭曲(Warp) 3. 制定好該音色的『形狀』,即==ENVELOPE1== (ENV1) (音量和時間的關係) 4. Filter 5. Modulation: LFO, Envelope 2&3 ... 6. 效果 (Effects) p.s. OSC 的 Warp 旋鈕在這裡 ![](https://i.imgur.com/W8pFkKw.png) ## 編曲最後的步驟:Mastering :::success Mastering 做法 最簡單的做法就是在 Output Master Channel 掛上一台 Limiter :::

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