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    --- tags: it 鐵人賽 30 天, Web 3, ethereum --- # 從以太坊白皮書理解 web 3 概念 -- Day 1 ## What is Web 3.0 ? [Web 3](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web3) 或者說 [Web 3.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web3) 指的是筆者個人認為是網際網路第三代所能達到的能力。 [Web 3.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web3) 是相對於 [Web 1.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web_2.0#Web_1.0), [Web 2.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web_2.0#Web_2.0) 而來的概念。 [Web 1.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web_2.0#Web_1.0) 主要強調在於可以使用網路分享靜態內容。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/2olHQhh.png) [Web 2.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web_2.0#Web_2.0) 相對於 [Web 1.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web_2.0#Web_1.0) 的靜態內容多了更多互動性:包括使用者間互動性與網頁內文的互動,即時訊息,或是部落格留言板等等。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/TRWyDri.png) 而 [Web 3.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web3) 究竟是由以太坊創始人所提出的狀態共識決網路來達成的共治社會。還是透過提高更深度的互動性,比如從互動式網頁變成互動式 VR/AR 體驗(2D 變 3D)來代表成為第三代網路的規範呢? 現行的主流網路社會主要還在於[Web 2.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web_2.0#Web_2.0)。而究竟是哪種訴求能成為[Web 3.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web3)的代表,可能 wifi protocol 一樣要等到有一個顯著的產品出現後才會知道是哪個或是混合,這需要透過時間來驗證。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/EBzqADn.png) 本文會以 [Ethereum](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E5%9D%8A) 中所提到的 [Web 3.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web3) ,來探討 [Web 3.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web3) 想達到什麼功能。 ## What is Ethereum ? **以太坊**是**一個建構在區塊鏈上可以執行智能合約的平台**。[以太坊白皮書](https://ethereum.org/en/whitepaper/#a-next-generation-smart-contract-and-decentralized-application-platform) 明確的指出[以太坊](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E5%9D%8A)想要建構一個[區塊鏈](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9D%97%E9%93%BE)來**打造一個平台**。這個平台可以運行一個透過一個俱備[圖靈完備性](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_completeness)的語言所撰寫的"合約"。 這裡的"合約",指的就是所謂[智能合約](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%90%88%E7%BA%A6),是由俱備[圖靈完備性](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_completeness)的語言所撰寫,所以可以寫許多邏輯來完成一般程式語言可達成的功能,比如狀態轉換等等。 這個[區塊鏈](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9D%97%E9%93%BE)因為不同於比特幣原本只能用來做帳本交易紀錄,需要接收所謂[智能合約](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%90%88%E7%BA%A6)的交易。 這個區塊鏈運行每個交易都需要耗費交易費(或者說所為燃料)。而交易費要支付的就是用[以太幣](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E5%9D%8A#%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%A3)。這個鏈也就是後來所謂的以太鏈。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/9lfirE2.png) 如果各位讀者本身是沒有接觸過[區塊鏈](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9D%97%E9%93%BE),看到這裡想必一頭霧水。 所以後續筆者將會從基礎的[區塊鏈](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9D%97%E9%93%BE)概念開始介紹,逐步伸入以太坊細節。 這裡只需要知道: 1. **以太坊**是**一個建構在區塊鏈上可以執行智能合約的平台**。 2. **以太坊(Ethereum)** != **以太幣(ether)** 過去曾有 Youtuber 口誤把 **以太坊(Ethereum)** 講成 **以太幣(ether)** , 所以希望看過本文的人不要再誤會。 ## 參考文獻 [https://ethereum.org/en/web3/](https://ethereum.org/en/web3/) [https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web_2.0](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Web_2.0) [https://ethereum.org/en/whitepaper/](https://ethereum.org/en/whitepaper/) [https://ethereum.org/en/whitepaper/#a-next-generation-smart-contract-and-decentralized-application-platform](https://ethereum.org/en/whitepaper/#a-next-generation-smart-contract-and-decentralized-application-platform)

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