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    # Leetcode刷題學習筆記 -- Disjoint set/Union Find ## 教學 參考leetcode官方的Exlort card。強力推薦。 [Detailed Explanation of Graph](https://leetcode.com/explore/learn/card/graph/) ### 使用時機 + union-find是==用來判斷node之間,是否有相連在一起。== 。可以根據root的相同與否來判斷。 + 只要問題是判斷連通問題,都可以使用union-find。 + 有些變形的題目是會限制連通路徑的條件。 ### Code Snippets 1. 宣告兩個vector來儲存root和rank,2D的情況就是全部element的總和。 ```cpp // case 1 : 1D vector<int> nums; int sz = nums.size(); vector<int> root(sz), rank(sz); iota(begin(root), end(root), 0); // 初始化root成0, 1, 2... // case 2 : 2D vector vector<vector<int>> grid; int m = grid.size(); int n = grid[0].size(); int sz = m * n; vetor<int> root(sz), rank(sz); iota(begin(root), end(root), 0); ``` 2. find root function 尋找真的root,必且把所有經過的路經都update成最後找到的root。 ```cpp int find(int x) { if(root[x] == x) return x; else return root[x] = find(root[x]); } ``` 3. union function 連結兩個node成一個,就是把root設定為一樣。 ```cpp void union(int x, int y) { int rootx = find(x); int rooty = find(y); if(rootx == rooty) return; // root已經一樣不需要union if(rank[rootx] > rank[rooty]) root[rooty] = rootx; else if(rank[rooty] > rank[rootx]) root[rootx] = rooty; else { root[rooty] = rootx; rank[rootx]++; } } ``` 這邊rank可以用來統計group的數量。必須先init每個rank到1。 ```cpp= vector<int> rank(n, 1); // union的時候,大的rank(比較多)合併小的rank(比較少) int union(int a, int b) { int a = find(a); int b = find(b); if(a == b) return 0; // 代表不用合併 if(rank[a] > rank[b]) { root[b] = a; return rank[a] += rank[b]; // 回傳合併後的大小 } else { root[a] = b; return rank[b] += rank[a];// 回傳合併後的大小 } } ``` ### 使用virtual vertex 某些題目,使用virtual vertex可以大幅簡化問題的複雜度。 例如: + [1970. Last Day Where You Can Still Cross](https://hackmd.io/wU2PrLOpSZmcgiu64UYnRQ#1970-Last-Day-Where-You-Can-Still-Cross) + [1168. Optimize Water Distribution in a Village](https://hackmd.io/wU2PrLOpSZmcgiu64UYnRQ#1168-Optimize-Water-Distribution-in-a-Village) ### Reset node 把某個node從Union Find中移除? 把某個idx從root[idx]中設為idx。 ```cpp= root[idx] = idx; ``` 例如: + [2092. Find All People With Secret]() ## Example ### [547. Number of Provinces(Medium)](https://leetcode.com/problems/number-of-provinces/) 給你一個vector<vector<int> isConnected,如果isConnected[i][j] = 1,代表city i到city j是連通的。provinces是表示全部連在一起的城市,返回有多少個provinces。 > 1. 這題是標準的Union Find問題,用disjoint set來統計有多少個相同的root node。 > 2. 使用path compress和union by rank技巧,可以讓time complexity更好。 > 3. 每連結一個新的node就把count-1,可以避免之後統計root的數量。 ```cpp= class Solution { int find(int x) { // path compress if(x == root[x]) return x; return root[x] = find(root[x]); } void un(int x, int y) { int rootx = find(x); int rooty = find(y); if(rootx == rooty) return; if(rank[rootx] > rank[rooty]) // union by rank root[rooty] = rootx; else if(rank[rootx] < rank[rooty]) root[rootx] = rooty; else { root[rooty] = rootx; rank[rootx] += 1; } count--; } vector<int> root, rank; int count; public: int findCircleNum(vector<vector<int>>& isConnected) { auto n = isConnected.size(); if(n == 1) return 1; root.resize(n); rank.resize(n, 1); count = n; for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) root[i] = i; for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) for(int j = 0; j < n; ++j) if(isConnected[i][j]) un(i, j); return count; } }; ``` ### [200. Number of Islands](https://leetcode.com/problems/number-of-islands/) 給你一個2D vector<vector<char>> 其中grid[y][x] = '1'為island,四個方向視為連接再一起,請問有多少個獨立的island。 > 1. 把每個'1'都視為是一個獨立的island > 2. 連起來後就把island數減一 > 3. 一定要是用rank來判斷root,避免會來連上來的node會有兩個以上的root。 > 4. 一定要判斷四個方向? 因為有可能從下面連到上面的node。 ```cpp class Solution { int m, n, sz, ans; vector<int> root, rank; vector<vector<int>> dirs{{0, 1}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {-1, 0}}; int find(int x) { if(root[x] == x) return x; else return root[x] = find(root[x]); } void un(int y, int x) { int rooty = find(y); int rootx = find(x); if(rooty == rootx) return; if(rank[rooty] > rank[rootx]) root[rootx] = rooty; else if(rank[rootx] > rank[rooty]) root[rooty] = rootx; else { root[rootx] = rooty; rank[rooty]++; } ans--; } public: int numIslands(vector<vector<char>>& grid) { m = grid.size(); n = grid[0].size(); sz = ans = m * n; root.resize(sz); iota(begin(root), end(root), 0); rank.resize(sz); for(int y = 0; y < m; ++y) { for(int x = 0; x < n; ++x) { if(grid[y][x] == '0') ans--; else { int prev = y * n + x; for(auto& d : dirs) { int ny = y + d[0]; int nx = x + d[1]; if(ny < 0 || nx < 0 || ny == m || nx == n || grid[ny][nx] == '0') continue; un(prev, ny * n + nx); } } } } return ans; } }; ``` ### [2421. Number of Good Paths](https://leetcode.com/problems/number-of-good-paths/) 找出tree中所有Good path的數目。其中good path的定義是兩個端點的值是一樣的,且node越往中間數值越小(小於等於)。 > 1. why union-find? 因為我們想知道兩個點是否連在一起,形成一個good path。 > 2. 因為good path的定義,我們決定了連結node的順序和方法。也就是從小的值開始連,慢慢往大的數值。 > 3. 計算good path的個數,就是看每個相同root的group中有多少個element,就可以用$cnt*(cnt - 1)/2$的方法來計算。 ```cpp class uf{ vector<int> root, rank; public: uf(int sz) : root(sz), rank(sz) { iota(root.begin(), root.end(), 0); } int find(int x) { if(root[x] == x) return x; else return root[x] = find(root[x]); } void un(int x, int y) { cout << "un : " << x << "," << y << endl; x = find(x); y = find(y); if(x == y) return; if(rank[x] > rank[y]) root[y] = x; else if(rank[y] > rank[x]) root[x] = y; else { root[y] = x; rank[x]++; } } }; class Solution { public: int numberOfGoodPaths(vector<int>& vals, vector<vector<int>>& edges) { unordered_map<int, vector<int>> adj; for(auto& e : edges) { if(vals[e[0]] >= vals[e[1]]) adj[e[0]].push_back(e[1]); if(vals[e[1]] >= vals[e[0]]) adj[e[1]].push_back(e[0]); } map<int, vector<int>> sameVal; for(int i = 0; i < vals.size(); ++i) sameVal[vals[i]].push_back(i); int ans{0}; uf _uf(vals.size()); for(auto& [v, nodes] : sameVal) { // connect the node from samve value group to the adjust node for(auto& n : nodes) for(auto& j : adj[n]) _uf.un(n, j); unordered_map<int, int> g; // value, count for(auto& n : nodes) { g[_uf.find(n)]++; } ans += nodes.size(); for(auto& [_, cnt] : g) ans += cnt * (cnt - 1) / 2; } return ans; } }; ``` ### [1697. Checking Existence of Edge Length Limited Paths](https://leetcode.com/problems/checking-existence-of-edge-length-limited-paths/description/) 找出graphic中,兩個點的任一個path其中每個edge上的weight都小於limit。 > 1. 因為每個edge都有數值,其中query的要求是兩個node之間,所有的edge都要小於 limit。 > 2. 所以先對limit排序,把小於limit的edge都連結起來,再判斷這兩個node是否連接再一起。 ```cpp class Solution { public: vector<bool> distanceLimitedPathsExist(int n, vector<vector<int>>& edgeList, vector<vector<int>>& queries) { map<int, vector<vector<int>>> m; // weight, list of nodes for(auto& e : edgeList) { m[e[2]].push_back({e[0], e[1]}); } vector<int> idx(queries.size(), 0); iota(idx.begin(), idx.end(), 0); sort(idx.begin(), idx.end(), [&](int& a, int& b){ return queries[a][2] < queries[b][2]; }); vector<bool> rtn(queries.size()); uf _uf(n); auto it = m.begin(); for(auto& i : idx) { while(it != m.end() && it->first < queries[i][2]) { for(auto& nodes : it->second) { _uf.un(nodes[0], nodes[1]); } it++; } rtn[i] = _uf.connect(queries[i][0], queries[i][1]); } return rtn; } }; ``` 2023/04/29 daily challenge 一開始我會錯意了,limit是每個edge的最小值,不是路徑的總和,本來以為是要做BFS,又看了一下N最大是$10^5$應該會TLE。 後來又仔細的看了一下,limit是每個路徑的最小值,所以等於是把小於limit的node都連接起來。 ```cpp= class Solution { vector<int> root, rank; int find(int x) { if(root[x] == x) return x; else return root[x] = find(root[x]); } void connect(int a, int b) { int roota = find(a); int rootb = find(b); if(roota == rootb) return; if(rank[roota] > rank[rootb]) root[rootb] = roota; else if(rank[rootb] > rank[roota]) root[roota] = rootb; else { root[rootb] = roota; rank[roota]++; } } bool isConnect(int a, int b) { int roota = find(a); int rootb = find(b); return roota == rootb; } public: vector<bool> distanceLimitedPathsExist(int n, vector<vector<int>>& edgeList, vector<vector<int>>& queries) { int sz = queries.size(); vector<bool> rtn(sz); vector<int> idx(sz); iota(idx.begin(), idx.end(), 0); sort(idx.begin(), idx.end(), [&](auto& a, auto& b){ return queries[a][2] < queries[b][2]; }); sort(edgeList.begin(), edgeList.end(), [](auto& a, auto& b){ return a[2] < b[2]; }); root.resize(n); rank.resize(n); iota(root.begin(), root.end(), 0); int j = 0; for(auto& i : idx) { int from = queries[i][0]; int to = queries[i][1]; int limit = queries[i][2]; while(j < edgeList.size() && edgeList[j][2] < limit) { connect(edgeList[j][0], edgeList[j][1]); j++; } rtn[i] = isConnect(from, to); } return rtn; } }; ``` ### [1724. Checking Existence of Edge Length Limited Paths II](https://leetcode.com/problems/checking-existence-of-edge-length-limited-paths-ii/description/) > 1. 和[1697-Checking-Existence-of-Edge-Length-Limited-Paths](https://hackmd.io/wU2PrLOpSZmcgiu64UYnRQ#1697-Checking-Existence-of-Edge-Length-Limited-Paths) 類似,只是query的時候不能先排序,所以把每個階段的root都存起來。 ```cpp map<int, vector<int>> rootList; // 把每個階段的root都存起來 ``` > 2. 這樣就可以使用lower_bound來找limit。 ```cpp class DistanceLimitedPathsExist { int n; vector<vector<int>> edges; map<int, vector<vector<int>>> m; uf _uf; map<int, vector<int>> rootList; public: DistanceLimitedPathsExist(int n, vector<vector<int>>& edgeList) : _uf(n) { this->n = n; edges = move(edgeList); for(auto& e : edges) m[e[2]].push_back({e[0], e[1]}); for(auto& ref : m) { for(auto& e : ref.second) { _uf.un(e[0], e[1]); } rootList[ref.first] = _uf.getRoot(); } } int find(vector<int>& root, int x) { if(root[x] == x) return x; else return root[x] = find(root, root[x]); } bool connect(vector<int>& root, int x, int y) { return find(root, x) == find(root, y); } bool query(int p, int q, int limit) { auto it = rootList.lower_bound(limit); if(it == rootList.begin()) return false; return connect(prev(it)->second, p, q); } }; ``` ### [1579. Remove Max Number of Edges to Keep Graph Fully Traversable](https://leetcode.com/problems/remove-max-number-of-edges-to-keep-graph-fully-traversable/description/) > 1. 參考官方答案 > 2. 定義一個UnionFind class,必須注意node是從1開始,所以root和rank的大小為n + 1。 > 3. 以前寫un()都沒return value。可以返回是否把這兩個node連在一起,可以藉此判斷是否使用此node。 > 4. 這邊的rank定義為此group中有多少個node。 ```cpp= class UnionFind { vector<int> root, rank; int n; public: UnionFind(int n) : root(n + 1), rank(n + 1, 1), n(n){ iota(root.begin(), root.end(), 0); } int find(int x) { if (root[x] == x) return x; return root[x] = find(root[x]); } int un(int x, int y) { x = find(x); y = find(y); if (x == y) return 0; if (rank[x] > rank[y]) { rank[x] += rank[y]; root[y] = x; } else { rank[y] += rank[x]; root[x] = y; } n--; return 1; } bool isTraversable() { return n == 1; } }; class Solution { public: int maxNumEdgesToRemove(int n, vector<vector<int>>& edges) { UnionFind alice(n), bob(n); int need = 0; for (auto& e : edges) { if (e[0] == 3) // 這邊有個重點,不能使用 || // 因為如果前面成立,就不會執行後面。 // 必須使用bitwise or, // 因為只要一個成立,這個edge就需要。 need += (alice.un(e[1], e[2]) | bob.un(e[1], e[2]) ); } for (auto& e : edges) { if (e[0] == 1) need += alice.un(e[1], e[2]); else if (e[0] == 2) need += bob.un(e[1], e[2]); } if (alice.isTraversable() && bob.isTraversable()) return edges.size() - need; else return -1; } }; ``` ### [2685. Count the Number of Complete Components](https://leetcode.com/problems/count-the-number-of-complete-components/description/) 題目要求數complete connected components的數目。 > 1. 這題是2023/5/14週賽第四題,我沒有答出來。原因是對complete connected components的定義不懂。 > 2. 題目給了定義是在complete connected components內的任何頂點,都可用不同的path走到group中其他頂點。也就是每個頂點都有專屬的path到group的其他頂點。這樣的path樹目會是 $nodeCount * (nodeCount - 1) / 2$ > 3. 所以除了用union-find之外,還要==計算每個group的node個數和path個數。== ```cpp= class Solution { public: vector<int> root, edgeCount, nodeCount; int find(int x){ if(x == root[x]) return x; else return root[x] = find(root[x]); } void un(int x, int y){ x = find(x); y = find(y); // 為了避免判斷式過多,一律把nodeCount[x]換為最大值 if(nodeCount[y] > nodeCount[x]) swap(x, y); // 計算edge的數目必須在return前+1。 // 避免有少數的情況。 edgeCount[x]++; if(x == y) return; root[y] = x; edgeCount[x] += edgeCount[y]; nodeCount[x] += nodeCount[y]; } int countCompleteComponents(int n, vector<vector<int>>& edges) { int ans = 0; root.resize(n); edgeCount.resize(n, 0); nodeCount.resize(n, 1); iota(root.begin(), root.end(), 0); for(auto e: edges) un(e[0], e[1]); for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i){ if(nodeCount[i] && i == find(i) && (nodeCount[i] * (nodeCount[i] - 1) / 2 == edgeCount[i])) ans++; } return ans; } }; ``` ### [1970. Last Day Where You Can Still Cross](https://leetcode.com/problems/last-day-where-you-can-still-cross/description/) 給你一個vector<vector<int>> cells,每天把一個land挖成water,傳回可以從top到bottom的天數。 > 1. 因為一開始是聯通的,如果要檢查是否不通,而且要刪除連通的點有反union-find的規則。 > 2. 所以從後面traverse cells,就是蓋路的觀念,看哪時候蓋出來的路可以讓上下互通。 > 3. 如何檢查top和bottom是互通的? > 4. 一開始我用以下的code會TLE。 ```cpp= for(int top = 0; top < col; ++top) { for(int bottom = 0; bottom < col; ++bottom) { if(isConnected({0, top}, {row - 1, bottom})) return true; } } return false; ``` > 5. 看了解答發現網友的解法是,創造dummy node最後檢查top bottom的dummy node是否相連。 ![](https://assets.leetcode.com/users/images/999e2c4d-ee25-4cf9-b4c0-c610ca3c20e0_1629002121.90057.png) ```cpp= class Solution { int row, col, n, top, bottom; vector<int> root, rank; vector<vector<int>> map; vector<vector<int>> dirs{{0, 1}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {-1, 0}}; bool isInBoard(int y, int x) { if(y < 0 || x < 0 || y == row || x == col) return false; return true; } vector<pair<int, int>> adjust(const vector<int>& pos) { vector<pair<int, int>> rtn; for(auto& d : dirs) { int ny = d[0] + pos[0]; int nx = d[1] + pos[1]; if(!isInBoard(ny, nx)) continue; rtn.push_back({ny, nx}); } return rtn; } int find(const vector<int>& p) { return find(p[0] * col + p[1]); } int find(int x) { if(root[x] == x) return x; else return root[x] = find(root[x]); } void un(const vector<int>& x, const vector<int>& y) { int rootx = find(x); int rooty = find(y); if(rootx == rooty) return; if(rank[rootx] > rank[rooty]) { root[rooty] = rootx; rank[rootx] += rank[rooty]; } else { root[rootx] = rooty; rank[rooty] += rank[rootx]; } } bool isConnected(const vector<int>& p, const vector<int>& q) { int rootp = find(p); int rootq = find(q); return rootp == rootq; } bool checkConnected() { return isConnected({row - 1, col}, {row - 1, col + 1}); } public: int latestDayToCross(int row, int col, vector<vector<int>>& cells) { this->row = row; this->col = col; this->n = cells.size(); top = n; bottom = n + 1; root.resize(n + 2); iota(root.begin(), root.end(), 0); rank.resize(n + 2, 1); // 多兩個dummy node // 把top dummy node和{0, x}相連 // 把bottom dummy node和{row - 1, x}相連 for(int x = 0; x < col; ++x) { un({0, x}, {row - 1, col}); un({row - 1, x}, {row - 1, col + 1}); } map.resize(row, vector<int>(col)); for(int i = cells.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) { vector<int>& cell = cells[i]; int y = cell[0] - 1; int x = cell[1] - 1; map[y][x] = 1; for(auto [ny, nx] : adjust({y, x})) { if(map[ny][nx] == 1) { un({y, x}, {ny, nx}); if(checkConnected()) return i; } } } return 0; } }; ``` ### [1489. Find Critical and Pseudo-Critical Edges in Minimum Spanning Tree](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-critical-and-pseudo-critical-edges-in-minimum-spanning-tree/description/) > 1. Minimal Spanning Tree(MST) 以前我學的時候是把edges放進priority_queue然後從最小的weights一個一個拿出來。但是使用priority_queue的成本太高,目的只是為了從小到大拿出weight所以可以對weight排序即可。 > 2. 使用union find的union function可以返回bool來表示是否有做union的動作。 > 3. 在union find中同時統計最大group中element的數量(maxGroup),來檢查是否所有的edge都連接在一起了。 > 4. 一開始我沒搞清楚 critical edge和 pseudo-critical的定義。 critical edge : 沒了這個edge還是可以組成MST,但是weights會變大 pseudo-critical edge : 可以出現在其他MST,也就是沒了他MST的weight和有了他MST的weight都會是minWeight ```cpp= class UnionFind { vector<int> root; vector<int> rank; int find(int x) { if(root[x] == x) return x; else return root[x] = find(root[x]); } int maxGroup{}; // 紀錄最大group中的數目 public: UnionFind(int n) { root.resize(n); rank.resize(n, 1); iota(begin(root), end(root), 0); } bool un(int a, int b) { //返回是否有做連結 int ra = find(a); int rb = find(b); if(ra == rb) return false; if(rank[ra] > rank[rb]) { root[rb] = ra; rank[ra] += rank[rb]; maxGroup = max(maxGroup, rank[ra]); } else { root[ra] = rb; rank[rb] += rank[ra]; maxGroup = max(maxGroup, rank[rb]); } return true; } int getMaxGroup() { return maxGroup; } }; class Solution { enum st{a, b, w, idx}; public: vector<vector<int>> findCriticalAndPseudoCriticalEdges(int n, vector<vector<int>>& edges) { // add index to edges {a, b, weight, idx} for(int i = 0; i < edges.size(); ++i) edges[i].push_back(i); // sort by weight sort(edges.begin(), edges.end(), [](auto& x, auto& y){ return x[w] < y[w]; }); // get minimal weight of MST UnionFind minUF(n); int minWeights{}; for(auto& e : edges) { if(minUF.un(e[a], e[b])) minWeights += e[w]; } // get the result vector<vector<int>> rtn(2, vector<int>()); for(int i = 0; i < edges.size(); ++i) { UnionFind rmUF(n); // remove ith edge int weights{}; for(int j = 0; j < edges.size(); ++j) { vector<int>& e = edges[j]; if(i != j && rmUF.un(e[a], e[b])) weights += e[w]; } // 不能組成MST 或是 移除後weights變大 if(rmUF.getMaxGroup() < n or weights > minWeights) { rtn[0].push_back(edges[i][idx]); } else { UnionFind addUF(n); // 有這個edge後,可以組成另一個MST addUF.un(edges[i][a], edges[i][b]); int weights{edges[i][w]}; for(int j = 0; j < edges.size(); ++j) { if(i == j) continue; vector<int>& e = edges[j]; if(addUF.un(e[a], e[b])) weights += e[w]; } if(addUF.getMaxGroup() == n and weights == minWeights) rtn[1].push_back(edges[i][idx]); } } return rtn; } }; ``` ### [1168. Optimize Water Distribution in a Village](https://leetcode.com/problems/optimize-water-distribution-in-a-village/description/) > 1. 參考[官方解答](https://leetcode.com/problems/optimize-water-distribution-in-a-village/editorial) > 2. 這題是變形的Minimal Spainning Tree(MST),重點是怎麼看待well。 > 3. 這邊使用一個virtual vertex 0,0:代表水源,挖井的意思是從0送水給某個點。這樣就是標準的MST問題。 ![virtual vertex](https://leetcode.com/problems/optimize-water-distribution-in-a-village/Figures/1168/1168_graph_conversion.png) ```cpp= class Solution { // 使用rank來統計數量 vector<int> root, rank; int find(int x) { if(root[x] == x) return x; else return root[x] = find(root[x]); } int un(int a, int b) { int roota = find(a); int rootb = find(b); if(roota == rootb) return 0; if(rank[roota] > rank[rootb]) { root[rootb] = roota; return rank[roota] += rank[rootb]; } else { root[roota] = rootb; return rank[rootb] += rank[roota]; } } public: int minCostToSupplyWater(int n, vector<int>& wells, vector<vector<int>>& pipes) { root.resize(n + 1); rank.resize(n + 1, 1); iota(begin(root), end(root), 0); for(int i = 0; i < wells.size(); ++i) pipes.push_back({0, i + 1, wells[i]}); sort(begin(pipes), end(pipes), [](auto& a, auto& b){ return a[2] < b[2]; }); int ans{}; for(auto& p : pipes) { if(int rtn = un(p[0], p[1])) { ans += p[2]; // 達到數量就可以返回 // 使用virtual vertex 0另一個好處是 // 可以有單獨well的狀況。 if(rtn == n + 1) break; } } return ans; } }; ``` ### [2092. Find All People With Secret](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-all-people-with-secret/description/) > 1. 參考[答案](https://leetcode.com/problems/find-all-people-with-secret/description/) > 2. 這題的重點是,時間一樣的時候,怎麼找出目前的group和person 0是否有連結 > 3. 先把時間t內連結起來,如果沒有和person 0連結再一起,再進行reset > 4. union find的reset就是把root[x] = x,再把root設為原本 > 5. 因為有reset,rank不在適用。 ```cpp= class UnionFind { vector<int> root, rank; public: UnionFind(int n) : root(n), rank(n, 1) { iota(begin(root), end(root), 0); } void connect(int a, int b) { root[find(b)] = find(a); } int find(int a) { if(root[a] == a) return a; else return root[a] = find(root[a]); } bool isConnected(int a, int b) { return find(a) == find(b); } void reset(int a) { root[a] = a; } }; class Solution { public: vector<int> findAllPeople(int n, vector<vector<int>>& A, int firstPerson) { int sz = A.size(); sort(begin(A), end(A), [](auto &a, auto &b) { return a[2] < b[2]; }); // Sort the meetings in ascending order of meeting time UnionFind uf(n); uf.connect(0, firstPerson); // Connect person 0 with the first person for (int i = 0; i < sz; ) { vector<int> ppl; int time = A[i][2]; for (; i < sz && A[i][2] == time; ++i) { // For all the meetings happening at the same time uf.connect(A[i][0], A[i][1]); // Connect the two persons ppl.push_back(A[i][0]); // Add both persons into the pool ppl.push_back(A[i][1]); } for (int n : ppl) { // For each person in the pool, check if he/she's connected with person 0. if (!uf.isConnected(0, n)) uf.reset(n); // If not, this person doesn't have secret, reset it. } } vector<int> ans; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { if (uf.isConnected(0, i)) ans.push_back(i); // Push all the persons who are connected with person 0 into answer array } return ans; } }; ``` ###### tags: `leetcode` `刷題`

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