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    # 雲端服務是什麼?雲端服務安全嗎? **透過電腦連接遠端伺服器的網路環境,便能進行運算、儲存、備份等作業** 雲端服務具備以下 5 種特徵: 1. 隨需應變自助服務。 2. 隨時隨地用任何網路裝置存取。 3. 多人共享資源池。 4. 重新部署快速、靈活度高。 5. 可被監控與量測的服務。 * 雲端服務有公有雲、私有雲、混合雲 3 種應用模組、以及 SaaS、PaaS 以及 IaaS 等 3 種服務模式 ## 認識公有雲、私有雲 ### **什麼是公有雲(Public Cloud)?定義是?** 由第三方雲端服務(如 AWS)公司架設,使用者向雲端服務公司租用。公有雲擁有大量數據與空間,以及資訊存取的高度彈性,且雲端服務公司會負責系統維護,降低企業的維護成本。 ### **什麼是私有雲(Private Cloud)?定義是?** 組織內部使用的雲端服務,自行架設雲端主機,安全性比公有雲高,且不受網路頻寬與法規限制,然而,維護雲端主機的成本也會跟著增加。 ### **什麼是混合雲(Hybrid Cloud)?定義是?** 兼具公有雲與私有雲的優勢,將資訊分開處理,機密性較高的資訊在私有雲中存取、一般資訊則透過公有雲進行作業,便能有高彈性及高運算效率的優勢。 ### **公有雲、私有雲的優缺點比較** | 類型 | 公有雲 | 私有雲 | 混合雲 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 優點 | 運算資源多<br> 容易取得資源<br> 初始成本低<br> 規模大易部署 | 安全性高<br> 隱密性高<br> 環境掌控度高<br> 資源調度彈性高<br> 穩定性佳 | 結合前兩者的優勢<br> 運算效率更高<br> 擴張性佳 | | 缺點 | 安全性較低<br> 無法掌控雲端環境 | 維護成本高<br> 資源無法快速擴張 | 資源管理難度高<br> 兩種雲整合成本與難度高 | --- ## 雲端服務有哪些?認識 3 種雲端服務模式 服務模式共有 SaaS、PaaS、IaaS 3 種,依序是雲端作業環境的 3 個層次: **雲端作業系統、雲端作業平台、雲端基礎建設** ### SaaS(Software as a Service) SaaS 是由雲端服務公司開發雲端作業系統,使用者透過月租方式使用雲端資源與應用程式,而不需安裝軟體在自己的電腦上。 **優勢** 1. 彈性的計價模式:僅就所需要的使用量及使用人數,按月付費。 2. 快速的軟體更新及維護:使用者只要連線即可更新版本獲得新功能。 3. 跨平台存取資料:只要連上網路,不論裝置就能夠隨時隨地在線上存取資料。 ### PaaS(Platform as a Service) PaaS 提供中層平台,讓使用者透過雲端平台的運算資源、工具和軟體,開發、測試、管理及建置自己的應用程式,主要提供給程式開發者使用。廠商負責管理、維護雲端基礎架構及安全性。 ### IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) IaaS 提供使用者所需運算資源、虛擬機器、儲存空間及網路環境,有別於 SaaS 及 PaaS 模式,使用者需自行設置與維護雲端系統,並購買工具軟體。廠商只負責管理基礎架構。 --- **<font color=green>圖示:IaaS PaaS SaaS 所涵蓋的範圍示意圖</font>** [![](https://dotblogsfile.blob.core.windows.net/user/%E5%87%8C%E5%87%8C%E6%BC%86/ac5bf37a-bcad-413d-9a85-6d106e9a4f08/1504243049_55741.png)](https://dotblogsfile.blob.core.windows.net/user/%E5%87%8C%E5%87%8C%E6%BC%86/ac5bf37a-bcad-413d-9a85-6d106e9a4f08/1504243049_55741.png) 基礎設施(Infrastructure)、平台(Platform)和軟體(Software),其實就是Cloud的三個分層。 基礎設施在最下端,平台在中間,軟體在頂端。

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