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    # 常見 OJ 簡介 本篇介紹一些較常見的 OJ,介紹以個人主觀印象為主。 個人簡單分類如下: - 新手入門(一、二章) - Kattis - AtCoder - 有題單的話很棒,沒題單、且題目品質鑑別力不足的話建議不要靠近 - UVa - ZeroJudge - 有一定實力以上再去比較好(三章 or 以上) - TOJ - TIOJ - CodeForces ## UVa Online Judge 有著十多年悠久歷史的古老 Online Judge,截至 2019 已有 5000 多道題目。 題目眾多、題型豐富,且多過往競賽的考古題可供參考。 有著相當豐富的資源,像是討論板的資料、網路上的參考解答和題解、 uHunt 或 uDebug 等輔助系統、支援 vjudge 等虛擬競賽服務。 要找到特定題型的題單來練習,也相對容易。 缺點是老舊的題目因硬體發展導致沒效率的做法也能輕易 AC、 容易因複雜繁瑣的輸出輸入格式而分心或帶來煩躁感,而這不符合時代。 因此需要較多前置知識和輸出輸入技巧,才能適應環境; 題目多為競賽的考古題,也代表著較少入門用的,單純且低難度的練習題。 :::info 簡評: - 入門題適量,難易度無太大斷層 - 題目豐富,但過於老舊的題目也多 - 網站非常難用,多仰賴外部網站協助 - 搭配 uHunt 適合自主練習 ::: ### 一些歷史 原先是用來放 ACM ICPC 的考古題,因此被簡稱為 ACM。 後搬至 UVa 大學,使用學校資源維護,改稱 UVa OJ。 幾年前因 UVa 大學拒絕再提供資源,憤而出走並不再冠上 UVa 之名, 開始尋找願意接手的學校,但並不順遂。 現正募資中,但仍堅持免費提供服務。 目前僅自稱 Online Judge,習慣上大家仍稱其 UVa。 ### 相關資源 - [Online Judge](https://onlinejudge.org):本體 - [Lucky貓的ACM園地](http://luckycat.kshs.kh.edu.tw/):提供部份題目中文翻譯與參考難度、方向的網站,不過翻譯相當不靠譜 - [uHunt](https://uhunt.onlinejudge.org/):提供各種服務,包括免重整頁面即時更新的 judge 結果、各種針對個人的統計資訊、建議的下一題等 ### 小知識 如果登入時勾選 `Remember me` 則容易導致未來拜訪時,陷入重導向迴圈。 解決方式是清除瀏覽器 cookie 或者使用無痕瀏覽。 ### 其它 - Lucky 貓的翻譯非常雷,有的格式打錯,有很多題偷加 sample 但有少數是錯的,有的測資範圍沒寫進去(但原題目有),建議對照原文比較安全 - ZJ 抄了很多 Lucky 貓的題目過來,但測資不全相同,格式也不全相同,有的測資較弱、有的測資較強,品質參差不齊 ## Kattis [Kattis](https://open.kattis.com/) 針對大學 ICPC 的 OJ,特色是除了個人外,還有大學間、國家間排名; 參考難易度以實際的上傳結果計算,而非人為判斷。 入門題多且豐富,又能依參考難度尋找程度適中的題目,相當適合初學入門與練習。 :::info 簡評 - 入門題豐富,難度斷層不大 - 有參考難度,以上傳結果自動計算,而非仰賴個人感覺 - 網站易用且速度快 - 適合自主練習 ::: ### 其它 - Ranking 用的積分是由全部題目的難易度總和計算,非單純題數;但難易度變動時分數也會跟著變動。 - 由於團體(國家 or 大學)計分方式不會讓新帳號加入導致全體掉分,可以放心的選大學和國籍。 ## AtCoder [AtCoder](https://atcoder.jp/) 以舉辦競程競賽為主的 OJ,有相當頻繁的線上賽可以參加。 筆者對它不是很熟悉,印象是給入門的初學者和教育目的的線上賽相當豐富。 題目基本都有官方題解可供參考,不過是日文的。 AtCoder Beginner Contest(ABC)蠻適合入門的。 :::info 簡評 - 入門題豐富,罕見的有不少給新手參與的競賽 - 各種難度的競賽都有,適合各種水平 - 題目品質相當高 - 也有和求職相關的部份與技能檢定 - 適合自主練習或參與競賽 ::: ### 小知識 - 日文版才有的便利連結集有很多讓它用起來更方便的工具 - 題目列表 + 標記是否AC + 標記難度 https://kenkoooo.com/atcoder/#/table - 可用 Scratch 寫 AtCoder 的 extension https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/scratchers-atcoder/hackndbjgkehhjinjjoldifbhnfddklh - 它是幫轉 C++ 所以可在 AtCoder 上傳欄轉完拿去傳其它 OJ ## ZeroJudge [ZeroJudge](https://zerojudge.tw/) 有著十年左右歷史,由高師大附中開發的系統。 題目豐富,且多台灣各地練習賽、校內賽、學科能力競賽、APCS 等考古題。 也有不少來自 UVa 或其它地方,但稍作改進的題目。 缺點可能是題目較散亂,入門較難找到合適的題目,較缺乏難易度的參考指標。 :::info 簡評 - 入門找題不友善,沒有參考難度 - 題目水準參差不齊 - 有不少考古題,不少學校考試試題 - 適合找考古題練習 ::: :::info 不確定資訊:似乎願意免費提供系統供人自行架設使用。 ::: ## TOJ [TOJ](https://toj.tfcis.org/oj/) 由台南一中資訊社自行開發的系統。 題目目的較明確,多為社內與校內各種競賽的考古題、 學長們收集的有趣題目,以及適合練習基本語法入門的基礎題。 :::info 簡評 - 入門找題不友善,入門題較稀缺,難度斷層大 - 有不少考古題,平均難易度較高,不過有趣的題目不少 - 適合對競程有一定經驗、至少學完三章後的老手 ::: ### 小知識 - 如果整頁都是空的,有時重新整理會好 - 如果不是整頁都空的,但怎麼重新整理都沒題目敘述,請按 `Download PDF` - 如果題目敘述看起來亂碼或很詭異,嘗試按 `Download PDF` - 以上兩點現在也可以嘗試 `Switch Viewer` 解決 ## TIOJ [TIOJ](https://tioj.ck.tp.edu.tw/) 由建國中學資訊社架設與維護。 筆者對它不是很熟悉,印象是較多高難度、不好想,但解法相當巧妙的題目。 :::info 簡評 - 入門找題不友善,入門題稀缺,難度斷層大 - 有不少考古題,平均難易度相當高,有趣不題目不少 - 適合對競程有一定經驗、熟練三章為止大部份東西的老手 ::: ## Code Forces [Code Forces](http://codeforces.com/) 以舉辦競程競賽為主的 OJ,有相當頻繁的線上賽可以參加, 以 ELO 積分制計算個人實力和題目難度。 筆者對它不是很熟悉,印象是題目難度相對高,無入門題。 題目基本都有官方題解可供參考。 :::info 簡評 - 入門題較少 - 平均難易度高,有趣的題目不少 - 提供友善的介面可自行出題、舉辦非官方比賽 - 適合對競程有興趣,至少學完三章,喜歡打比賽的老手 ::: ## LeetCode [LeetCode](https://leetcode.com/) 以各知名外商面試題為主,目的與求職較為相關的 OJ。 站在競賽角度來看,題型較單一、難易度低且與競賽方向相去較遠。 部份功能和題目需付費才能使用。 :::info 簡評 - 整體難度偏低,但又沒什麼入門題 - 主要為各公司技術面試的考古題 - 適合準備各公司的技術面試,不適合競賽 ::: {%hackmd @sa072686/__style %} ###### tags: `競程:初章`, `競程`

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