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    # 我們需要 DevOps 嗎? ###### tags: `DevOpsDays Taipei 2018` `9/11` `14:20~15:00` `Track B` {%hackmd zjE8rohhTBKEAPwdaLV11Q %} 主旨:提供你一個參考方向(其實每個人要走的路都不一樣) ## 我們需要DevOps嗎? 瞎子摸象圖again ### 到底什麼是DevOps? * 開建立高效能團隊? * 開發速度變快? * 建立自動化? * 早下班? * 老闆說的... * 潮 ### DevOps 三個因子 #### 人 * 最重要,但也最不可控 * 開發維運角色心態不同 * 組織大小,歷史包袱 * 行為思想要改變 * 成功-------------------->失敗 新創 -> 成長型公司 -> 傳統大型企業 做一個人的 DevOps #### 流程 * 開發流程 * 維運流程 * 交付行為 * 協同合作 難-----------------簡單 專案項目 <- 服務 <- 產品 #### 工具 * 工具目的:在於輔助前兩者個實踐 * 不是最重要的 * 可以自選想要的工具 ## Case 快速交付很困難 * 老闆認為要做好全面的測試,需要花很多時間 * 交付時間長 = 最安全的交付 ? 要快速交付、快速迭代,人的思維要改變 花大量時間全面測試,交付大量需求 -> 花更多時間在部署 <--> 確保系統穩定成本 永遠都在測試,無法交付 * Developer 超過三個月就會忘東忘西 * 要出部署文件 * Developer 不喜歡寫文件 * 文件寫很爛... ## DevOps 三個挑戰 #### 政治 * 最困難,要說服開發、維運團隊老闆 #### 成本 #### 技術 * 找不到人,最後還是純手工打包... > 學會選擇,學會放棄 (DevOps) > 有時候在想,搞DevOps真累,要搞人、搞流程、搞技術... > [name=講者] ## DevOps 的本質 #### DevOps 思維 ==持續交付價值==給我們的客戶 ==縮短發布==產品到客戶的週期 ==發現==問題、==持續==改善 #### DevOps 原則 系統==思維== 放大==回饋==循環 接受==失敗==和==持續==學習的文化 * 最困難的也是最重要的,難免會發生,需要公司去接受 * 不可能做到完整測試,難免出問題 ## 7種 DevOps 習慣 1. ==自我組織團隊需與企業目標(比較容易說服長官)一致== 2. 嚴格管理技術債 3. ==專注於客戶/用戶價值流== 4. 假設理論、驅動開發 5. 蒐集監控正式系統運作資訊 6. ==實戰文化== 7. 管理環境架構作為靈活資源 ## DevOps 循環 ![](https://i.imgur.com/eOeeoFy.jpg) * Agile Planning * Monitor and Learn * monitor 很重要,才知道怎麼改善系統 * Build and test * Release * CD * Release management ## 符合特性,進行DevOps改革 可以依照團隊或是組織特性選擇: * 平台工具 * Release 節奏 * 開發和維運團隊的合作組織 * 測試方法或測試框架 * 自動化程度 * 或是其他軟體開發模式 > 標準很重要 ## 7 種 DevOps 實踐 ## DevOps ... 文化轉變中,相對應的技術會油然而生 有CI/CD不代表做好DevOps DevOps 循環中,開發維運心態要改變 通往DevOps 道路需要不斷學習 DevOps 不會限制團隊必須什麼方法或理論進行軟體開發 不強制改變現有團隊的開發行為 ## DevOps 的實踐 1. 資訊透明度 * 不管用看板、slack 等所有資訊都要可以讓大家看到 2. Backlog * 使用者需求(80%):來自商業需要的功能或是用戶需求 * 工程需求(20%):建構Infrastructure、系統的改善或重構項目,須放在同一個Backlog被追蹤和完成,不可以被排除看板外 3. Version Control(建議用git) * 有效的建立版本控制的分支策略 * Check in 的程式碼必須要連接工作項目 * 只要是程式碼就要納入版控,包含 database (table view, 等) * infra 設定(IaS) ,需要納入版控 (Infra as Code, Dockerfile ...) 4. Testing * 自動化是測試的關鍵 * 單元測試、整合測試、UI測試到負載平衡測試都是屬於持續測試一環 * 使用增量和迭代方法,讓測試的深度不斷前進 * 有錯就加測試,總有一天會寫完 * 別期望一開始就寫好所有的測試案例 * 最好的測試,就是增量測試 5. 持續整合、持續部署 * CI / CD 策略定好,再自動化 * 80%自動化 > 100%自動化 * 不自動化也能 CI/CD 只是比較累 * 工人智慧 6. 監控與學習 * 品質 * 安全 * 可靠性 * 持續提供價值給用戶 * 了解用戶如何使用系統 * 通常 bug 有兩種,user 用錯了或是真的系統壞了 7. 量測指標 * 沒有 Burndown chart, velocity 反正時間都估不準,看這個也沒用 * 看整個團隊的指標 * time to build * time to release 8. 定義 Story Done * Story 完成後,到正式上線 * 正式上線後,有第一位使用者開始使用 ## 建立 100% ~~DevOps~~ 精實協作團隊 全都是工程人員 都要開發QA維運 ## 良好的 DevOps 文化團隊 * 團隊每個人一起致力讓系統能夠平穩且有效率 * 資訊共享、互助合作共同承擔成功與失敗 * 團隊每個人互相扶持、相信人人都可以改變 * 資深人員提攜新進人員 * 每個人努力讓團隊變得更好,不是追求自我成功或是價值 * 團隊中不能有只想提升自我,不幫助團隊的人 ## 最後 - DevOps Milestone * Sprint 縮短為一週 時間縮短人的潛力就出現了 !?(笑) 奉行不加班,能開發的時間只剩四天,因為其他事務約佔一天 * 重新切分 Story 大小 * Dev + Ops = One Team * 資訊透明化 * CI / CD * 類微服務 * 發現架構太大了,逐步轉換。 * Time to Release / Time to Build * Container Docker ## 總結 持續改善完善系統 減少浪費 > DevOps 需迭代演進! Release vs Deploy * CD 只有到 Release * Container Image 準備好 --- > 場外聊天室,歡迎在下方喇賽

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