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# 中職野手 WAR 推算 * 2024 完整數據 :arrow_right: [在這裡](https://bbs.beptt.cc/Baseball/M.1729262271.A.B3D) * 2023 完整數據 :arrow_right: [在這裡](https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/BaseballXXXX/M.1702305208.A.C27.html) ## 簡介 :bulb:首先科普一下野手WAR公式 :::warning * <font color=red>WAR = RAR</font> / RPW \ = (<font color=blue>RAA</font> + <font color=green>Replacement Runs</font>) / RPW \ = [<font color=blue>(打擊貢獻+跑壘貢獻+防守貢獻+守位校正)</font> + <font color=green>(Replacement Level*PA)</font>] / RPW * WAR 意義 : 球員每增加 1 WAR,能為球隊**全年多贏 1 場勝利** * 舉例 : 一支全年能拿 55W-65L (45.8%) 中職隊伍 * 此時將該隊伍的球員A增加 1.0WAR ,則球隊「理論」全年勝敗會變成 56W-64L (46.7%),而非 56W-65L (46.3%) * 如果再將另外一位球員B減少 2.5WAR ,則「理論」勝敗會變成 53.5W-66.5L (44.6%) ::: * 所有計算都是直接套用 Fangraph 上的公式,包含守位校正、RPW、Replacment Level 等... \ https://library.fangraphs.com/war/war-position-players/ * 權重係數則是參考棒球版 ldkrsi 大大的貼文 * 2024 : https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Baseball/M.1729085636.A.CAA.html * 2023 : https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Baseball/M.1698320927.A.0E0.html * 為了文章可讀性,我在文內有些地方使用<font color=red>「貢獻」</font>兩字,但實際上用<font color=red>「得分創造」</font>比較精確 * 由於中職沒有防守和跑壘的進階數據,所以**防守貢獻先直接代入0**,跑壘貢獻**只計算盜壘部分**,**不考慮壘間跑壘**。不過實際上這兩個數據對整體WAR的影響比較小,下面計算過程會進行討論 --- ## 計算參數 * CBPL 2024 例行賽數據 | 打席 | 得分 | 得分/打席 | 投球局數 | wOBA | Runs Per Win (RPW) | Replacement Level | |:-----:|:----:|:---------:|:--------:|:-----:|:------------------:|:-----------------:| | 27419 | 3015 | 0.110 | 6363.2 | 0.330 | 9.396 | 0.029 | * CBPL 2024 例行賽參數 | uBB | uHBP | u1B | u2B | u3B | uHR | wOBA Scale | |:------:|:------:|:------:|:------:|:------:|:------:|:----------:| | 0.7653 | 0.7772 | 0.9528 | 1.3324 | 1.6848 | 2.1314 | 1.2282 | --- * CBPL 2023 例行賽數據 | 打席 | 得分 | 得分/打席 | 投球局數 | wOBA | Runs Per Win (RPW) | Replacement Level | |:-----:|:----:|:---------:|:--------:|:-----:|:------------------:|:-----------------:| | 22993 | 2512 | 0.109 | 5341.2 | 0.329 | 9.349 | 0.028 | * CBPL 2023 例行賽參數 | uBB | uHBP | u1B | u2B | u3B | uHR | wOBA Scale | |:------:|:------:|:------:|:------:|:------:|:------:|:----------:| | 0.7676 | 0.7764 | 0.9506 | 1.3363 | 1.6628 | 2.1153 | 1.2175 | --- ## 計算過程 ### :small_blue_diamond: **打擊貢獻 Batting Runs** :::success * **Batting Runs = wRAA + [League R/PA – (PF * League R/PA)] * PA** ::: * 台灣球場的內外野設計和海拔幾乎都相同,因此 Park Factor (PF) 可以完全忽略 * 即代入 PF = 1.0,後面那項結果即為 0 * 因此球員打擊貢獻就是 **wRAA** * **wRAA = [(wOBA - League wOBA)/wOBA Scale] * PA** * <font color=red>wOBA</font> = <font color=blue>(uBB\*UBB + uHBP\*HBP + u1B\*1B + u2B\*2B + u3B\*3B + uHR\*HR)</font> / <font color=green>(AB+UBB+SF+HBP)</font> * UBB = Unintentional BB = BB - IBB ### :small_blue_diamond: **跑壘貢獻 Base Running Runs** :::success * **Base Running Runs = wSB + UBR + wGDP** ::: * 中職現有的數據仍無法得到 UBR、 wGDP,因此這兩筆數據先忽略不計 \ wSB 則直接依照 [Fangraph](https://library.fangraphs.com/offense/bsr/) 提供的公式計算 : * **wSB = SB * runSB + CS * runCS – League wSB * (1B + BB + HBP – IBB)** * League wSB = (SB * runSB + CS * runCS) / (1B + BB + HBP – IBB) * runCS = - (2 * RunsPerOut + 0.075) * 推算 : UBR+wGDP * MLB 一位好的跑壘者,一整年的 UBR+wGDP 能為球隊貢獻 4 分 (0.4WAR) 已經是超水準的成績 * 中職因為場數較少的關係,UBR+wGDP 能貢獻到 **0.3WAR** 左右我認為就是極限了 * 如果大家要自行推算,對於大部分中職球員可以用 **+-0.15WAR** 代入比較合理,整體對於 WAR 影響仍相當小 ### :small_blue_diamond: **守備貢獻 Fielding Runs** * 中職目前沒有防守的進階數據,如果想推算守備貢獻,可以用 MLB 球員的數據做個橫向的估計 * 2023年國聯金手套 Swanson 游擊守備1279.1局,比「大聯盟平均」的游擊手多守下(創造) **13.7 分** * 橫向對比中職游擊金手套江坤宇。推測2023年他守游擊900局,大約為球隊守下 900/1279*13.7 = **9.6分** ,所以江的 WAR 整體還要再加 **9.6/RPW=1** 左右 * 其餘球員的守備能力大家可以自行評估,防守貢獻的上下限會比跑壘貢獻多,但不會落差太大 ### :small_blue_diamond: **守位校正 Positional Adjustment** * 由於中職官網沒有「守備局數」的數據,所以這裡做守位校正計算是使用**該守備位置的打席數**下去做計算 (反而這個官網有提供...) \ 於是校正公式就從 :::info * **守位校正 = [(守備局數/9) / 162] * 守位價值** ::: 變成 :::success * **守位校正 = (守位打席數 / 648) * 守位價值** ::: * 守位價值可以從[這裡](https://blogs.fangraphs.com/explaining-win-values-part-three/)查詢 ### :small_blue_diamond: **Replacement Runs** :::success * **Replacement Runs = Replacement Level * PA** ::: * Replacement Level : Average Player 相對於 Replacement Player 一個打席所能多創造的得分 * e.g. 2023 CPBL 例行賽的 Replacement Level 為 0.028 * Replacement Player : 可替代性高的廉價球員,或者也可理解成一軍最低水準的球員 * 以下暫稱**替補球員**,詳細定義可參考[這裡](https://library.fangraphs.com/misc/war/replacement-level/) * 根據定義 : * 若球隊皆由 Replacement Player (WAR=0) 組成,則全年理論勝率會是 **29.7%** * 若球隊皆由 Average Player (WAA=0) 組成,則全年理論勝率會是 **50.0%** ### :small_blue_diamond: **Wins Aboves Replacment (WAR)** * WAR 全名是 「Wins Aboves Replacment」,所以球員數據要對比的對象就是這些替補球員 * 但上述提到的貢獻度都是基於「聯盟平均」算出來,得到的數字為**該球員相對聯盟平均球員** (Average Player) 多創造多少分 * **<font color=blue>RAA (Runs Above Average) = 打擊貢獻+跑壘貢獻+防守貢獻+守位校正</font>** * 還必須計算「相同打席下」的**聯盟平均球員相對替補球員**多創造多少分 * **<font color=green>Rrep (Replacement Runs) = Replacement Level * PA</font>** * 接著將兩者相加就能得到**該球員相對於替補球員**多創造多少分 * **<font color=red>RAR (Runs Aboves Replacment)</font> = <font color=blue>RAA</font> + <font color=green>Rrep</font>** * 最後的最後,計算 WAR 只需把「Runs」轉換成「Wins」即可 * **<font color=red>WAR = RAR / RPW</font>** * 備註 : * WAA (Wins Above Average) = RAA / RPW * **該球員相對聯盟平均球員**多貢獻幾場勝利 * [RPW](https://library.fangraphs.com/misc/war/converting-runs-to-wins/) (Runs Per Win) = 9 * (CPBL Runs Scored / CPBL Innings Pitched) * 1.5 + 3 * 球隊**全年每多贏一場球賽所需要創造的分數** ---

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