# Research on large-scale decision making
---
### Good reads

- [Nudge](https://www.bookdepository.com/Nudge-Cass-R.-Sunstein/9780141040011?redirected=true&utm_medium=Google&utm_campaign=Base1&utm_source=TW&utm_content=Nudge&selectCurrency=TWD&w=AFDGAU99ZT7YG6A80RXQ&pdg=pla-297612067635:kwd-297612067635:cmp-805720975:adg-43458489764:crv-191478194854:pid-9780141040011:dev-c&gclid=CjwKCAjwtIXbBRBhEiwAWV-5nv1yAL6_VFI5yrNulj_iC6IuTINXh4E0IDbWly0CUPfkb4PZwF6RrhoCbE4QAvD_BwE)
- “A choice architect has the responsibility for organizing the context in which people make decisions.”

- [Democracy for realists](http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=2367031C3AA3328CC27CB0448F09151C)
- Achen and Bartels argue that democratic theory needs to be founded on identity groups and political parties, not on the preferences of individual voters. Democracy for Realists provides a powerful challenge to conventional thinking, pointing the way toward a fundamentally different understanding of the realities and potential of democratic government.
- [Civic engagement through Citizen Interaction Design](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3y50jPdW524)
- The University of Michigan School of Information is leading a three-year initiative to bring about greater citizen involvement with public officials in Jackson, Michigan. Associate Professor Cliff Lampe is spearheading the Citizen Interaction Design project and overseeing teams of University of Michigan students engaged in forward-thinking projects that are applicable to not only Jackson, Michigan, but other cities and towns throughout North America.
- [Participation in urban interaction design for civic engagement
](https://eprints.qut.edu.au/95616/)
- We do not limit our definition of civic technologies to tools specifically designed to simply enhance government and governance, such as renewing your car registration online or casting your vote electronically on election day. Rather, we are interested in civic media and technologies that foster citizen engagement in the widest sense, and particularly the participatory design of such civic technologies that strive to involve citizens in political debate and action as well as question conventional approaches to political issues.

- [Smart Citizen, Smarter State. The Technologies of Expertise and the Future of Governing](https://www.abebooks.com/Smart-Citizen-Smarter-State-Technologies-Expertise/22526402438/bd?cm_mmc=ggl-_-US_AbeBooks_DSA_GOOGLE-_-naa-_-naa&gclid=CjwKCAjwtIXbBRBhEiwAWV-5nreG4kjSwB8KOKCApKBFKuocEuyqCafDEwLQqFL4xdS94lsbQWqLIhoC7YoQAvD_BwE)
- Offering a far-reaching program for innovation, Smart Citizens, Smarter State suggests that public decisionmaking could be more effective and legitimate if government were smarter―if our institutions knew how to use technology to leverage citizens’ expertise.
- [On Trails: An Exploration by Robert Moor](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/27276431-on-trails)
- Throughout, Moor reveals how this single topic—the oft-overlooked trail—sheds new light on a wealth of age-old questions: How does order emerge out of chaos? How did animals first crawl forth from the seas and spread across continents? How has humanity’s relationship with nature and technology shaped world around us? And, ultimately, how does each of us pick a path through life?

- [Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action (Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions)](
https://www.amazon.com/dp/0521405998/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_qhlGAbQ2F67GC)

-[The design of civic technology: factors that influence public participation and impact](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00140139.2017.1349939)

- [The Preston Model](https://cles.org.uk/tag/the-preston-model/)

- [CrowdLaw](https://crowd.law/table-of-contents-a34949e1ca24)
25 case studies in civic engagement in lawmaking process

- [The Social Smart Contract](https://www.democracy.earth/)
---
### Interesting projects
-

### Tools
- [PDIS toolkit](https://po.pdis.tw/toolkit.html)
- [Loomio](https://www.loomio.org/)
- [CONSUL](http://consulproject.org/en/#)
- [OGP Toolbox](https://ogptoolbox.org/en/tools)

### Maybe useful for later prototyping

- [Project Cybersyn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Cybersyn)
- The Operations Room (or Opsroom): a physical location where economic information was to be received, stored, and made available for speedy decision-making. It was designed in accordance with Gestalt principles in order to give users a platform that would enable them to absorb information in a simple but comprehensive way.
- [VR for Research: Tips and Tricks for Using Virtual Reality for Research](https://www.instavr.co/articles/general/vr-for-research-tips-and-tricks-for-using-virtual-reality-for-research)
- Virtual Reality (VR), and 360 media specifically, is being used extensively by researchers. Not only do they want to explore the ramifications of VR on society, but they also want to utilize the technology in their respective fields to gain insight. Below we’ll pass along some tips and tricks when using VR for Research.

- [Keijiro's Dev Log](http://radiumsoftware.tumblr.com/)

- [SENSORY.CC](https://www.sensory.cc/yuxi)
- The Mixed Reality Hardware Toolkit (MRHT) makes it easier to blend hardware with Mixed Reality projects.
- It works to stay somewhat agnostic to technologies and what you download is an example set of technologies that work together.
- Supported Hardware: Anything that can run Spacebrew (Raspberry Pi, Arduino Yun, Beaglebone Black)
- Supported Software: There are two paths. One using Vuforia and the other using AR.JS. Example are provided using Unity and Vuforia.

### Tools designed for participation

- [participate db](http://www.participatedb.com/)
- [Loomio](http://loomio.org)
- [note: Loomio、審議、動民主](https://ocf-tw.hackpad.tw/Loomio-l8fikCsKHiG)
- [Enspiral](https://handbook.enspiral.com/agreements.html)
- [Pol.is](http://pol.is)
- [Pol.is in Taiwan](https://blog.pol.is/pol-is-in-taiwan-da7570d372b5)
- [polis report](http://bit.ly/fearless-report)
- [SayIt](https://sayit.mysociety.org/)

### It's not only about technology
- [Facilitation as civic infrastructure](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DCt-HCa1469ZXDZ9XNlQV3X6GTubPUngrW1p_nck7-8/edit#slide=id.g391915e112_0_60)
- [Adventures in conversation technologies](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1DygzXCMgYnl2p6jkQ3CAEPrMXfzAo_2yPb3Taainc1o/edit#slide=id.p4)

### Speculative Design
- [Introduction to Speculative Design Practice](http://speculative.hr/en/introduction-to-speculative-design-practice/)
- [Ramia Mazé (2009) 'Critical of What?](http://www.ramiamaze.com/04_criticalofwhat.html)
- [Hertzian Tales
Electronic Products, Aesthetic Experience, and Critical Design](http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/hertzian-tales)
- [States of Design 04: Critical Design](https://www.domusweb.it/en/design/2011/08/31/states-of-design-04-critical-design.html)
- [RCA Demonstrates Critical, Design Thinking at Dubai Global Grad Show, 2016](https://www.rca.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/rca-demonstrates-critical-design-thinking-dubai-global-grad-show-2016/)
- [jazzliang's critical design class (NTUST)](http://criticaldesign2013.blogspot.com/)
- [Speculative and Critical Design: Futures and Imaginings from the margins, Fall 2017](https://medium.com/post-normal-design-post-speculative-critical/speculative-and-critical-design-futures-and-imaginings-from-the-margins-fall-2017-699531ead23)

- [Speculative design: A design niche or a new tool for government innovation?](https://www.nesta.org.uk/blog/speculative-design-a-design-niche-or-a-new-tool-for-government-innovation/) by [Isa Kolehmainen](https://www.nesta.org.uk/team/isa-kolehmainen/)

- [Accuracy and ambition - why do we try to predict the future?](https://www.nesta.org.uk/blog/accuracy-and-ambition-why-do-we-try-to-predict-the-future/)

- [Decentralized Design Lab](http://www.decentralizeddesignlab.com/about/)