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    # 慢性疼痛導致抑鬱?! 慢性疼痛是任一種持續性或間歇性的疼痛,其疼痛維持三個月以上甚至更長。慢性疼痛是很「頑固」的,難以完全治癒,想來都覺得鬱悶吧?實際上,慢性疼痛真的會引來抑鬱的情緒。疼痛導致抑鬱,抑鬱又加深疼痛,惡性循環下,生理上加心理上的摧殘,造成生活品質下降。 根據研究,發現疼痛的腦區和抑鬱的腦區有重疊的部份,例如前扣帶皮層(nterior cingulate cortex)、前額葉皮層(the prefrontal cortex)、伏隔核(the nucleus accumbens)和杏仁核(the amygdala)等等,處理情緒調節以及酬賞處理(reward processing)。在期刊《nature neuroscience》中,有研究團隊研究老鼠,發現了疼痛導致抑鬱的神經迴路。 在研究疼痛和抑鬱的關聯時,外側韁核(the lateral habenula,LHb)是相當重要的區域,對於抑鬱的患者來說,其LHb活性較強。而這一切又跟背側縫核(dorsal raphe nucleus,DRN)中5-HT(血清素)有關。 在患有慢性疼痛因而導致抑鬱的老鼠上,他們觀察到DRN中5-HT neuron活性下降,CeA中的5-HT也下降,進而刺激了$SOM^{CeA} neuron$。接著,$SOM^{CeA} neuron$透過釋放谷氨酸,刺激LHb的活動。(流程如圖一)因此,若去刺激DRN中的5-HT,就可以減輕慢性疼痛導致的抑鬱情況,這也是目前臨床上抗抑鬱的方法。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/rdi3rAP.png) (圖一、慢性疼痛時,受到刺激的LHb會刺激DRN中的GABAergic neurons,而這又抑制了DRN中的5-HT neurons,進而抑制CeA裡的$SOM^+ neurons$,刺激$SOM^- neurons$。$SOM^{CeA}$除去了抑制後,會刺激LHb中glutamatergic neuron活化,這個LHb–DRN–CeA–LHb迴路藉此循環下去。) 疼痛和抑鬱之間的關聯在很久之前就常被討論,而此研究為慢性疼痛導致抑鬱的狀況開闢了新的研究方向,或許可以找到新的治療方法,例如給予腦部刺激等非藥物治療,讓長期受到病痛折磨的患者能夠找到解方。 參考文獻: 1. Tappe-Theodor, A., Kuner, R. A common ground for pain and depression. Nat Neurosci 22, 1612–1614 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0499-8 2. Zhou, W., Jin, Y., Meng, Q. et al. A neural circuit for comorbid depressive symptoms in chronic pain. Nat Neurosci 22, 1649–1658 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-019-0468-2 3. http://www.cas.cn/syky/201909/t20190901_4712374.shtml ###### tags: `神經妙算`

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