唐鼎鈞
    • Create new note
    • Create a note from template
      • Sharing URL Link copied
      • /edit
      • View mode
        • Edit mode
        • View mode
        • Book mode
        • Slide mode
        Edit mode View mode Book mode Slide mode
      • Customize slides
      • Note Permission
      • Read
        • Only me
        • Signed-in users
        • Everyone
        Only me Signed-in users Everyone
      • Write
        • Only me
        • Signed-in users
        • Everyone
        Only me Signed-in users Everyone
      • Engagement control Commenting, Suggest edit, Emoji Reply
    • Invite by email
      Invitee

      This note has no invitees

    • Publish Note

      Share your work with the world Congratulations! 🎉 Your note is out in the world Publish Note

      Your note will be visible on your profile and discoverable by anyone.
      Your note is now live.
      This note is visible on your profile and discoverable online.
      Everyone on the web can find and read all notes of this public team.
      See published notes
      Unpublish note
      Please check the box to agree to the Community Guidelines.
      View profile
    • Commenting
      Permission
      Disabled Forbidden Owners Signed-in users Everyone
    • Enable
    • Permission
      • Forbidden
      • Owners
      • Signed-in users
      • Everyone
    • Suggest edit
      Permission
      Disabled Forbidden Owners Signed-in users Everyone
    • Enable
    • Permission
      • Forbidden
      • Owners
      • Signed-in users
    • Emoji Reply
    • Enable
    • Versions and GitHub Sync
    • Note settings
    • Note Insights
    • Engagement control
    • Transfer ownership
    • Delete this note
    • Save as template
    • Insert from template
    • Import from
      • Dropbox
      • Google Drive
      • Gist
      • Clipboard
    • Export to
      • Dropbox
      • Google Drive
      • Gist
    • Download
      • Markdown
      • HTML
      • Raw HTML
Menu Note settings Versions and GitHub Sync Note Insights Sharing URL Create Help
Create Create new note Create a note from template
Menu
Options
Engagement control Transfer ownership Delete this note
Import from
Dropbox Google Drive Gist Clipboard
Export to
Dropbox Google Drive Gist
Download
Markdown HTML Raw HTML
Back
Sharing URL Link copied
/edit
View mode
  • Edit mode
  • View mode
  • Book mode
  • Slide mode
Edit mode View mode Book mode Slide mode
Customize slides
Note Permission
Read
Only me
  • Only me
  • Signed-in users
  • Everyone
Only me Signed-in users Everyone
Write
Only me
  • Only me
  • Signed-in users
  • Everyone
Only me Signed-in users Everyone
Engagement control Commenting, Suggest edit, Emoji Reply
  • Invite by email
    Invitee

    This note has no invitees

  • Publish Note

    Share your work with the world Congratulations! 🎉 Your note is out in the world Publish Note

    Your note will be visible on your profile and discoverable by anyone.
    Your note is now live.
    This note is visible on your profile and discoverable online.
    Everyone on the web can find and read all notes of this public team.
    See published notes
    Unpublish note
    Please check the box to agree to the Community Guidelines.
    View profile
    Engagement control
    Commenting
    Permission
    Disabled Forbidden Owners Signed-in users Everyone
    Enable
    Permission
    • Forbidden
    • Owners
    • Signed-in users
    • Everyone
    Suggest edit
    Permission
    Disabled Forbidden Owners Signed-in users Everyone
    Enable
    Permission
    • Forbidden
    • Owners
    • Signed-in users
    Emoji Reply
    Enable
    Import from Dropbox Google Drive Gist Clipboard
       owned this note    owned this note      
    Published Linked with GitHub
    Subscribed
    • Any changes
      Be notified of any changes
    • Mention me
      Be notified of mention me
    • Unsubscribe
    Subscribe
    2018q1 Homework2 (prefix-search) ================================ contributed by <`potter903p`> ## 開發環境 ``` Architecture: x86_64 CPU 作業模式: 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 4 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3 每核心執行緒數: 1 每通訊端核心數: 4 Socket(s): 1 NUMA 節點: 1 供應商識別號: GenuineIntel CPU 家族: 6 型號: 94 Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-6500 CPU @ 3.20GHz 製程: 3 CPU MHz: 200.000 CPU max MHz: 3600.0000 CPU min MHz: 800.0000 BogoMIPS: 6384.00 虛擬: VT-x L1d 快取: 32K L1i 快取: 32K L2 快取: 256K L3 快取: 6144K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault invpcid_single pti retpoline intel_pt rsb_ctxsw tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 hle avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rtm mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves dtherm ida arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window hwp_epp ``` ## 作業需求 - 在 GitHub 上 fork [prefix-search](https://github.com/sysprog21/prefix-search),並修改 `Makefile` 以允許 `$ make bench` 時,可對 ternary search tree 的實作做出效能評比,涵蓋建立 tst 和 prefix search 的時間,應比照 [clz](https://hackmd.io/s/Hyl9-PrjW) 透過統計模型,取出 95% 信賴區間 - 測試程式碼應該接受 `--bench` 的執行參數,得以在沒有使用者輸入的前題下,對 tst 程式碼進行效能分析,應涵蓋 `cpy` 和 `ref` 兩種途徑 (詳情參閱 `tst.h` 的程式碼註解) - 解釋 tst 的優點和引入 tst 到電話簿或戶政管理系統的適用性 - 修改 [test_ref.c](https://github.com/sysprog21/prefix-search/blob/master/test_ref.c),參照裡頭標註 `FIXME` 的部分,替換成真正有效的 API 和對應的程式碼,這裡要求你學習分析現有的程式碼並得以擴充 - 分析 `test_cpy` 和 `test_ref` 兩種方式 (copy/reference) 的效能,並且針對現代處理器架構,提出效能改善機制 - 指出目前實作中,針對各國城市的 prefix search 有無缺陷呢?比方說無法區分城市和國家,並提出具體程式碼的修正 - 新增 `phonebook.c`,將之前 [phonebook](https://hackmd.io/s/SykZ8IMOf) 的基礎工作引入,透過 [ternary search tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_search_tree) 讓電話簿程式得以更符合人性,當使用者新增資料時,可以在居住地透過 prefix search 找出最接近的城市並避免輸入錯誤 - 應該要能夠切換 command line interface (CLI) 和 benchmarking 模式 - 允許程式碼產生的隨機輸入,讓 tst 自動找到匹配的國家和城市名稱 - 以上述機率分佈函數來解釋,並且提出改善猜測精準度的方案 - 研究程式碼的 `tst_traverse_fn` 函式,並思考如何運用這個實作,注意到 [callback function](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callback_(computer_programming)) 的程式開發技巧/模式 - 將你的觀察、上述要求的解說、應用場合探討,以及各式效能改善過程,善用 gnuplot 製圖,紀錄於「[作業區](https://hackmd.io/s/BykAwRuKz)」 ## 開發過程 首先是將 `test_ref.c` 中需要 `FIXEME` 的 function 裡面的 `CPY` 更改為 `REF` 希望能達到 save pointer 的效果。接著就是重新測試程式 ``` Commands: a add word to the tree f find word in tree s search words matching prefix d delete word from the tree q quit, freeing all data choice: s find words matching prefix (at least 1 char): Tai Tai - searched prefix in 0.000486 sec suggest[0] : Tai suggest[1] : Tai suggest[2] : Tai suggest[3] : Tai suggest[4] : Tai suggest[5] : Tai suggest[6] : Tai ``` 這邊雖然有顯示出近似搜尋的結果,但是顯示出來的結果都是相同的數值,所以到 `tst.c` 中的 `tst_ins_del` 一探究竟 ```clike= /* Place nodes until end of the string, at end of stign allocate * space for data, copy data as final eqkid, and return. */ if (*p++ == 0) { if (cpy) { /* allocate storage for 's' */ const char *eqdata = strdup(*s); if (!eqdata) return NULL; curr->eqkid = (tst_node *) eqdata; return (void *) eqdata; } else { /* save pointer to 's' (allocated elsewhere) */ curr->eqkid = (tst_node *) *s; return (void *) *s; } } ``` * 而 `CPY` 和 `REF` 的差別就在上面這個判斷式中 : * `CPY` 的作法是重新分配新的記憶體位置用來儲存傳入的 s * `REF` 是直接將所傳入的 s 之位置直接儲存起來 再看到 `tst_ref.c` 中建立 tst 時會發生什麼事 ```clike= while ((rtn = fscanf(fp, "%s", word)) != EOF) { char *p = word; /* FIXME: insert reference to each string */ if (!tst_ins_del(&root, &p, INS, REF)) { fprintf(stderr, "error: memory exhausted, tst_insert.\n"); fclose(fp); return 1; } idx++; } ``` 這裡可以發現在使用 `ref` 的方式建立 tst 會保存所傳入之 s 的記憶體位址,但是上面這段程式碼中每次所傳入位址 p 的值都會是 word 的記憶體位址,這樣會導致在建樹的時候每次都是指向同一塊記憶體位址 改進辦法 : 改變每次讀取資料的 word 的記憶體位址

    Import from clipboard

    Paste your markdown or webpage here...

    Advanced permission required

    Your current role can only read. Ask the system administrator to acquire write and comment permission.

    This team is disabled

    Sorry, this team is disabled. You can't edit this note.

    This note is locked

    Sorry, only owner can edit this note.

    Reach the limit

    Sorry, you've reached the max length this note can be.
    Please reduce the content or divide it to more notes, thank you!

    Import from Gist

    Import from Snippet

    or

    Export to Snippet

    Are you sure?

    Do you really want to delete this note?
    All users will lose their connection.

    Create a note from template

    Create a note from template

    Oops...
    This template has been removed or transferred.
    Upgrade
    All
    • All
    • Team
    No template.

    Create a template

    Upgrade

    Delete template

    Do you really want to delete this template?
    Turn this template into a regular note and keep its content, versions, and comments.

    This page need refresh

    You have an incompatible client version.
    Refresh to update.
    New version available!
    See releases notes here
    Refresh to enjoy new features.
    Your user state has changed.
    Refresh to load new user state.

    Sign in

    Forgot password

    or

    By clicking below, you agree to our terms of service.

    Sign in via Facebook Sign in via Twitter Sign in via GitHub Sign in via Dropbox Sign in with Wallet
    Wallet ( )
    Connect another wallet

    New to HackMD? Sign up

    Help

    • English
    • 中文
    • Français
    • Deutsch
    • 日本語
    • Español
    • Català
    • Ελληνικά
    • Português
    • italiano
    • Türkçe
    • Русский
    • Nederlands
    • hrvatski jezik
    • język polski
    • Українська
    • हिन्दी
    • svenska
    • Esperanto
    • dansk

    Documents

    Help & Tutorial

    How to use Book mode

    Slide Example

    API Docs

    Edit in VSCode

    Install browser extension

    Contacts

    Feedback

    Discord

    Send us email

    Resources

    Releases

    Pricing

    Blog

    Policy

    Terms

    Privacy

    Cheatsheet

    Syntax Example Reference
    # Header Header 基本排版
    - Unordered List
    • Unordered List
    1. Ordered List
    1. Ordered List
    - [ ] Todo List
    • Todo List
    > Blockquote
    Blockquote
    **Bold font** Bold font
    *Italics font* Italics font
    ~~Strikethrough~~ Strikethrough
    19^th^ 19th
    H~2~O H2O
    ++Inserted text++ Inserted text
    ==Marked text== Marked text
    [link text](https:// "title") Link
    ![image alt](https:// "title") Image
    `Code` Code 在筆記中貼入程式碼
    ```javascript
    var i = 0;
    ```
    var i = 0;
    :smile: :smile: Emoji list
    {%youtube youtube_id %} Externals
    $L^aT_eX$ LaTeX
    :::info
    This is a alert area.
    :::

    This is a alert area.

    Versions and GitHub Sync
    Get Full History Access

    • Edit version name
    • Delete

    revision author avatar     named on  

    More Less

    Note content is identical to the latest version.
    Compare
      Choose a version
      No search result
      Version not found
    Sign in to link this note to GitHub
    Learn more
    This note is not linked with GitHub
     

    Feedback

    Submission failed, please try again

    Thanks for your support.

    On a scale of 0-10, how likely is it that you would recommend HackMD to your friends, family or business associates?

    Please give us some advice and help us improve HackMD.

     

    Thanks for your feedback

    Remove version name

    Do you want to remove this version name and description?

    Transfer ownership

    Transfer to
      Warning: is a public team. If you transfer note to this team, everyone on the web can find and read this note.

        Link with GitHub

        Please authorize HackMD on GitHub
        • Please sign in to GitHub and install the HackMD app on your GitHub repo.
        • HackMD links with GitHub through a GitHub App. You can choose which repo to install our App.
        Learn more  Sign in to GitHub

        Push the note to GitHub Push to GitHub Pull a file from GitHub

          Authorize again
         

        Choose which file to push to

        Select repo
        Refresh Authorize more repos
        Select branch
        Select file
        Select branch
        Choose version(s) to push
        • Save a new version and push
        • Choose from existing versions
        Include title and tags
        Available push count

        Pull from GitHub

         
        File from GitHub
        File from HackMD

        GitHub Link Settings

        File linked

        Linked by
        File path
        Last synced branch
        Available push count

        Danger Zone

        Unlink
        You will no longer receive notification when GitHub file changes after unlink.

        Syncing

        Push failed

        Push successfully