林博仁 Buo-ren Lin
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    # 體驗 Raspberry Pi 5 共同筆記 [TOC] ## 關於我們 * 官方經銷商 ## 分享 x 教學 * COSCUP、MakerConf、PyCon、HKOSCon 講者 * [台灣樹莓派網站](https://piepie.com.tw/) ## 學習路徑 ## 故事 ## (與第四代相比)變的地方 ![v5 Anatomy]() * 終於有電源開關了 * UART 接頭 + 原本是跟 GPIO 共用,因為跟藍牙衝突所以另外拉出來? * 兩組 4-lane MIPI CSI/DSI 接頭 * USB 網路孔對調 * 原 DSI 接頭改為 PCI Express 界面 * PoE HAT 接腳移動到下面 * 類比音訊輸出實體接口被移除 ## 效能評比 * BCM2712 處理器(製程→ 16nm) ### 全新 PCI-E 界面 * 4 通道 PCIe 2.0 界面,每通道速度 5GT/s + 可外接: + NVMe SSD + AI Accelerator + NIC + HBA/RAID 儲存卡 * 未來會出新的 M.2 HAT ### PoE 腳位改位置 * 支援 802.3at/af(與前代規格並無差異) * 最大輸出電流可以到 5A(25.5W)(須搭配 Raspberry Pi PoE+ HAT) ### UART 搭配 Raspberry Pi Debug Probe * 無須配置韌體固定 CPU 頻率等設定即可進行偵錯 ### 劃時代的 On/Off 實體電源按鍵設計 * 硬體配置為上電會自動開機 * 短按兩下軟關機(僅於 Wayland 圖形系統支援) * 長按一下強制關機 * 關機狀態下按一下開機 ### 客製化的 DA9091 PMIC * 提供 BCM2712 和 RP1 穩定電源 * 支援 PD 5V/5A * 支援 RTC(須搭配電池) * 支援軟、硬開關機事件 ### RP1 大改 I/O 架構 * 南橋? #### Raspberry Pi 晶片開發歷史 * RP1 = I/O Controller(IC 設計) * RP2 = RP2040 MCU(IC設計) * RP3 = Zero 2W 的 SoC(封裝技術) #### 從南北橋架構到晶片整合趨勢 * 北橋:連接高速設備 * 南橋:連接低速設備 * 南橋幫助系統作一些事情(?) * 避免設備短路造成 SoC 壞掉 * I/O 架構跟核心分離可望日後可以脫離 Qualcomm #### RP1 特色 * Gigabit 乙太網路界面 * 目前還沒有單獨販售的規劃 #### RP1 功能圖 * 雙核心的 Coretex M3 處理器 * 目前尚未提供完整的技術資料 ## 效能評比 * 40-pin GPIO 由 RP1 南橋提供支援 * DSI/CSI 可混搭 * MicroSD 控制器支援 SDR104 傳輸模式 ### CPU 效能實測 #### Sysbench #### 開機時間 * 開機時間僅須 20 秒(v4:33s) ### SD 卡效能實測 #### SD 卡科普 * A1/A2 為隨機讀取/寫入的規格 * 記憶卡規格實際上有沒有支持還是要看硬體(所以 Raspberry Pi 5 有支援嗎?) #### SD Card Speed Test * RaspberryOS 內建的記憶卡測試工具 * 可以簡單檢測存儲效能 * Raspberry Pi 5 搭配 A2 卡可以達到 4755/2109 IO/s 的 4K 隨機讀取/寫入速度 * 販售品選用的是 RICELEE microSDXC UHS-1(V30)(A2) 64GB,有獲樹莓派基金會認證 ## 相機評比 ### Raspberry Pi Camera 硬體架構 1. 透鏡 2. 音圈馬達 3. 紅外光濾片 4. 感光元件 5. PCB 印刷電路板 6. ISP 影像訊號處理器(進行第一級的影像處理) ### 只支援 libcamera * Android/ChromeOS 的框架 * 支持更多不同的相機規格 ### libcamera 特色 * 可以透過插件方式載入閉源的演算法 * 提供 V4L2 和 gstreamer 的相容層 * 支援多相機/單相機模組 ### libcamera-apps * 基於 libcamera 的相機應用,用來取代 raspicam * `libcamera-hello --list` 可以列出所有偵測到的相機模組 ### yolov8 實測 * live demo <2fps * 官方聲稱可以到 12fps ### Mediapipe 實測 * live demo <4fps * 技術限制只能偵測單人 ### Raspberry Pi 5 雙相機測試 * 支援雙相機顯示 ### ISP 有改進銳利度等細節 ## Bookworm 技術說明 * Raspberry Pi OS 修改自 Debian bookworm(12) * Raspberry Pi 5 僅支援 bookworm ### 網路預設使用 Network Manager * 從可選改為預設使用 * 支援顯示 Wi-Fi 網路的訊號強度 ### 圖形系統預設使用 Wayland 協定 * X11 效能不是那麼的好 ### Audio 預設使用 PipeWire * ALSA 只能改音效卡整體的音量,沒辦法根據不同應用調整 ## 週邊商品 ### 一定要買的 27W 5.1W/5A 電源 * 使用 3A 供電時週邊最高輸出只有 600mA * 使用 5A 供電週邊最高輸出可以到 1.?A ### 原廠外殼 + 主動散熱風扇 * 上蓋並緊閉且旁邊有導流孔散熱較好 * 因為散熱器在外殼上非緊靠處理器,散熱效果沒有 Active Cooler 好 ### 原廠外殼堆疊功能 銅柱另售 ### EDA Tec 被動式散熱外殼 ### 原廠 RTC 電池 * 使用 Panasonic 電池 ### 關於相機週邊 Pi 5 使用細頭,需要搭配轉接線 ## 參考資料

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