<!--introduction-->
# 9/13 第一堂社課
## 今日講師：R緯
#### (Python班)
---
# 今日課程主題：
----
# 基本輸入輸出
### Basic input & output
----
# 資料型別(型態)
### Type
<!--input & output-->
---
# 基本輸入輸出
### Basic input & output
----
# 輸出
### output
----
「Hello, World!」程式通常指輸出或顯示「Hello, World!」字串的電腦程式。可以用來展示該程式語言的基本語法。
「Hello, World!」是初學者學習某種程式語言所接觸的第一個程式內容，。
----
第一個程式：
```python=
print("Hello, World!")
```
output:
```python
Hello, World!
```
----
## print()簡單直觀
### 其他程式語言：
----
## JavaScript
```javascript=
console.log('Hello World');
```
##### (這幾頁絕對不是水時間用的)
----
## Java
```java=
class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello, World!");
}
}
```
##### (這幾頁絕對不是水時間用的)
----
## C++
```cpp=
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "Hello! World!";
return 0;
}
```
##### (這幾頁絕對不是水時間用的)
----
## Assembly(組合語言)
```=
global _start ; This exports _start label and
; makes entry point to the programing
; ##########################
; code
; ##########################
section .text
_start:
; ##########################
; write(1, message, length)
; ##########################
mov rax, 1 ; system call for write
mov rdi, 1 ; making file handle stdout
mov rsi, message ; passing adress of string to output
mov rdx, length ; number of bytes
syscall ; invoking os to write
; ##########################
; exit(0)
; ##########################
mov rax, 60 ; sys call for exit
xor rdi, rdi ; exit code 0
syscall ; invoke os to exit
; ##########################
; Variables
; ##########################
section .data
message: db "Hello, World", 0xa ; const char * message = "Hello, World"oxa is "\n"
length: equ $-message; int length= len(message) =12;
```
##### (這幾頁絕對不是水時間用的)
----
例題一
```python=
word = input()
print(----, word)
```
----
## print()的參數
```python=
print([object], separator, end, file, flush)
```
其中只有sep和end常用
----
## sep: 分開不同資料
預設為 sep = " " (space)
```python=
print("hello", "world")
print("hello", "world", sep = " ")
print("hello", "world", sep = "")
print("hello", "world", sep = "啟動")
print("hello", "world", "python", sep = "啟動")
```
output:
```python
hello world
hello world
helloworld
hello啟動world
hello啟動world啟動python
```
----
## end: 資料結尾
預設為 end = "\n" (換行)
```python=
print("Hello, World!1")
print("Hello, World!2", end = "\n")
print("Hello, World!3", end = "")
print("Hello, World!4")
print("Hello, World!5", end = "啟動")
print("Hello, World!6")
```
output:
```python
Hello, World!1
Hello, World!2
Hello, World!3Hello, World!4
Hello, World!5啟動Hello, World!6
```
----
例題二
----
```python=
year = input()
month = input()
day = input()
print(----)
```
----
# 輸入
### input
----
## input()
```python=
name = input()
print("hello", name)
```
output:
```python
{User input}
hello {User input}
```
----
()內為等待輸入時，系統輸出的東西
```python=
name = input("what is your name? :")
print("hello", name)
```
output:
```python
what is your name? :{User input}
hello {User input}
```
----
## 輸入後的所有東西，
## 預設皆為字串(str)
<!--Type-->
---
# 資料型別(型態)
### Type
----
## 型別：一個資料的型態、類別
----
## Python中內建了很多型別
## 我們只要會用其中四個
詳細：[Python官方](https://docs.python.org/zh-tw/3/library/stdtypes.html)
----
| 表示方式 | 中文 | 英文 |
| ----- | ----- | ---- |
| int |整數 |integer
| float |浮點數 |floating point
| bool |布林值 |boolean
| str |字串 |string
----
## 我們能用type()查看型別
```python=
num1 = 120
num2 = 3.14159
num3 = 5
print(type(num1))
print(type(num2))
print(type(num3 == 5))
```
output：
```python
<class 'int'>
<class 'float'>
<class 'bool'>
```
----
## 其中int, float, bool皆可拿來運算
#### (bool的運算比較特別)
----
## float能轉int，int也能轉float
```python=
num1 = 120
num2 = 3.14159
print(type(num1))
print(type(num2))
num3 = float(num1) #將num3定為num1轉float的值
num4 = int(num2) #將num4定為num2轉int的值
print(num3)
print(num4)
print(type(num3))
print(type(num4))
```
output：
```python
<class 'int'>
<class 'float'>
120.0 #多了小數點
3 #捨去小數部分(不是四捨五入，是無條件捨去)
<class 'float'>
<class 'int'>
```
----
## str的使用
----
## 所有型別都能轉成str
```python=
num1 = 120
num2 = 3.14159
num3 = 5
print(type(num1), type(num2), type(num3 == 5), sep="/")
str1 = str(num1)
str2 = str(num2)
str3 = str(num3 == 5)
print(str1, str2, str3, sep = "/")
print(type(str1), type(str2), type(str3), sep="/")
```
output:
```python
<class 'int'>/<class 'float'>/<class 'bool'>
120/3.14159/True
<class 'str'>/<class 'str'>/<class 'str'>
```
----
str是純數字時可轉成int, float
```python=
str1 = "120"
str2 = "3.14159"
num1 = int(str1)
num2 = float(str2)
print(num1)
print(type(num1))
print(num2)
print(type(num2))
```
output:
```python
120
<class 'int'>
3.14159
<class 'float'>
```
----
## str長度、取出字元
```python=
str1 = "HSNUCRC"
print(len(str1))
print(str1[3])
print(str1[1:5])
```
```python
7
U
SNUC
```
---
# END
##### (總計：34面簡報、377行Markdown、5191個字元)
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