Ray 虛擬貨幣小白
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    # 區塊鍊到底是什麼? <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/K8AvTDdhdog?si=f1CnN64i9a_JYHgj" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe> 根據志祺的影片說明,2008 年由「中本聰」發想出來的轉移資料模式,政府會有我們的個人資料、銀行會有我們的信用資料、醫院會有我們的病例。如果我們不想讓這些第三方機構保存個人資料,怕政府濫用我們的個資、銀行洩露我們的資料導致錢財流失,這就產生了「區塊鍊」。 ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/r1eDUpX7R.png) 再根據 AWS 官方的說明,區塊鍊是一種進階的資料庫設計。想像一下銀行有 100 萬人的基本資料,每一筆資料裡面都有**姓名、身分證字號、帳號、密碼、金額**,那就等於: ``` 100萬 (人) x 5 (資料) = 500萬 (欄位) ``` 而實際上,光是第一銀行就有超過 **1,400萬** 筆用戶資料,如果某天第一銀行因為駭客入侵的事件導致用戶的錢被盜領,那是多可怕的事情! [資料參考:第一銀行遭駭客攻擊事件](https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5077404) 也就是說我們要避免所有資料集中在一個地方管理,且不能被竄改,且公開透明。 # 如何做到區塊鍊? ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Bk-vi6mmR.png) 簡單來說,把資料當成一個區塊,每個區塊都會用雜湊值(Hash)加密,然後串聯到下一個區塊,不斷的串接,變成一條「鍊」,這也就是區塊鍊名稱的由來。 而我們每次做交易的時候又會再產生一個新的區塊,紀錄 **交易者、交易過程、交易時間、交易地點、為何交易、交易多少金額** 這6筆資料,當這些區塊一個接一個串接起來形成一條鍊的時候,就可以看到數以萬計筆交易內容,如下圖所示。 ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SkKgp67XA.png) 有沒有覺得很熟悉?是不是很像在看股市盤價? 這也是我接下來要說到的**區塊鍊特色**:去中心化、公開透明、不可竄改性。 # 區塊鍊特色 ### 🌎 去中心化 剛才有提到,如果我們擔心政府、銀行、醫院濫用我們的個人資料,導致個人的財產損失,那豈不是冤大頭嗎?為了避免讓第三方機構管理我們的個人資料,區塊鍊技術會公開全世界所有的區塊資料,你能夠隨時查看。 ### 📃 公開透明 所以你可以看到這個虛擬貨幣盤市的波動,在交易成立前會獲得一支完全公開透明的鑰匙,當你想查看這個區塊資料時,需要用你的鑰匙解開區塊資料的鎖頭,才能夠看到資料。如果有人冒名發訊息,鑰匙就不配對鎖頭,那就知道這是一個假冒的訊息要求,交易也就不會成立。 ### ⛔ 不可竄改性 區塊鍊最大的缺點就是: :::warning ⚠️ 你只能把資料寫入,不能編輯。 ::: 這就導致了你如果一開始寫入的資料如果錯誤,那後面所有的東西就全錯了。所以當你要進行一筆交易時,一定要把你的價格寫好,如果東西出售了,或是你買進了,那就永遠固定這筆資料,不能再重寫。 # 所以區塊鍊能做什麼應用? ### ☀️ 能源 能源公司使用區塊鏈技術來建立對等能源交易平台並簡化對可再生能源的存取。例如,考慮以下用途: 1. 以區塊鏈為基礎的能源公司為個人之間的電力銷售建立了一個交易平台。擁有太陽能板的屋主會利用這個平台來將多餘的太陽能銷售給鄰居。該流程自動化程度很高:智慧型電錶建立交易,而區塊鏈進行記錄。 2. 透過以區塊鏈為基礎的眾籌計畫,使用者可以在缺少能源的社群中讚助和擁有太陽能板。一旦太陽能板建成,贊助商也可能會收到這些社群的租金。 ### 💸 金融 銀行和證券交易所等傳統金融系統使用區塊鏈服務來管理線上付款、帳戶和市場交易。例如,在整個亞洲提供金融交易服務的投資控股公司 Singapore Exchange Limited 利用區塊鏈技術建置了更高效的銀行間付款帳戶。透過採用區塊鏈,他們解決了幾個挑戰,包括數千筆金融交易的批次處理和手動對帳。 ### 🎶 媒體與娛樂 媒體和娛樂產業的公司使用區塊鏈系統來管理著作權資料。著作權驗證對於藝術家的公平補償至關重要。記錄著作權內容的銷售或轉讓需要多次交易。 Sony Music Entertainment Japan 使用區塊鏈服務來提高數位版權管理效率。他們已成功使用區塊鏈策略來提高生產力及降低著作權處理成本。 ### 📦 零售 零售公司使用區塊鏈來追蹤供應商和買方之間的貨物移動。例如,Amazon 零售已為分散式總帳技術系統申請了專利,其中該系統將使用區塊鏈技術來驗證平台上銷售的所有貨物是否都真實可靠。Amazon 賣方允許製造商、外送員、經銷商、最終使用者和次要使用者等參與者在憑證授權單位註冊後向總帳新增事件,進而映射其全球供應鏈。 :::info 😊:看完今天的分享,有比較了解什麼是區塊鍊了嗎? :::

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