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    --- title: '房價導論' disqus: hackmd --- ###### tags: `房價` 房價導論 === [TOC] ## 去理解一個東西要分成兩個面向 第一個面向是,事情哪個是因,哪個是果,還有因跟果之間的推論合不合理,二是去區分哪些是統計事實,並且這個事實有沒有辦法**繼續存在** 我的思考方式喜歡從某一個具有代表性的問題出發,最好是有點矛盾的,例如以房價來說 常見的問題:房子一直蓋人又沒變多為何房價可以漲。 會有這個疑問代表你隱含了**人口數**直接對應房子的需求 卻忽略了一些事實 1. 降息導致購買力上升,並且買房是靠貸款,幾乎沒有人是現金買房 2. 每戶家庭的人口減少,導致戶數反增,而房屋需求通常是以戶數為單位 3. 現代人不喜和長輩同住 4. 離婚率上升 5. 都市化嚴重,以前可以住人的地方逐漸變成鬼城,比如說美國底特律就是鮮明的例子 6. 通貨膨脹,而房子通常抗通膨 ## 一切的一切都從不動產基本面公式出發 > 資本市場不容許存在套利,若可以套利,代表套利行為並非無風險或是資訊不對稱。 甚麼是套利,說穿了就是買低賣高 R=MPK-delta ## 影響房價的面向有哪些 可以從供給面還有需求面來看 供給面: 土地取得成本,建築成本,某個地區的供給量 房貸利率,貸款成數,租金,所得,人口變化,就業機會,學區 ## 不動產大全 以下言論都取材於PTT [論租金,不動產基本面公式兼論不動產泡沫](https://pttweb.tw/s/3RIqj5) > 再次釐清一下泡沫. 甚麼狀況會產生泡沫. 當這個東西的使用或需求價值低於它的市場價值時. 他就會產生泡沫. 而一個物體,他的價值有時候比較難定義. 例如黃金可能還牽扯到貨幣價值擔保,國家財力擔保的依據. 那... 和田玉你怎樣定義它的價值?? 和田玉新疆籽料羊脂白玉的價值為啥是和田玉韓料一樣達到羊脂白的一千倍? 兩塊擺在外行人眼前你根本不會分,但是市場定義他們價值就差一千倍還起跳. (如果玉質細膩無結構無瑕疵,那幾萬倍到十萬倍) 然後最近和田玉新疆籽料因為原礦越來越少,所以價格暴漲. 這..... 那你說他會不會泡沫?? 恩...哪天中國經濟垮台,和田玉就泡沫了,不用懷疑..XD 在幾十年前,和田玉雖然是中國四大名玉之首,但是還是上不了臺面. 檯面上的玉石是翡翠(非翠非中國四大名玉,主要是高品質翡翠主要產緬甸) 你幾十年前去珠寶展,你應該極難看到在展和田玉. 珠寶展除了鑽石彩鑽,鋼玉系列(藍寶紅寶祖母綠)之外,在下來就是翡翠. (翡翠的地位有點逼近鋼玉,略低一點點) 而你的石榴石,丹泉石,碧璽,海藍寶,月光石,就被翡翠踩在腳下,水晶則不入流. 這跟當年,台灣是中華文化的傳承者(中國破四舊,文化大革命,所以很多東西是台灣傳承) 台灣人愛翡翠,對和田玉比較冷淡.有很大的關係. 但後來中國把和田玉定義成國玉. 當然這除了跟和田玉最值錢的新疆料是中國本土之外. 也跟和田玉最囂張的年代是清代,最有名就是,乾隆愛玉,他愛的玉是和田玉為主非翡翠. 因此中國滿清皇族那一脈留下來的傳統也有關. 因此中國就把和田玉定義為國玉. 之後隨著中國經濟興起,和田玉就大翻身,一路炒做上去. 到現在珠寶展你就可以看到和田玉有一點存在感. 而中國似乎並沒有打算停止炒作和田玉,因此和田玉的地位繼續往上攀升. 但是你就知道,這東西價值的影響最重要的是中國的國力. 華人圈還是以翡翠為上,甚至東南亞文化圈都還是以翡翠為上. 所以中國經濟垮,和田玉就垮. 而和田玉的價值就是這樣一個比較模糊的定位. 你很難量化他,或是在實際價值上對她做出定位. 因此每次講泡沫,最有名的就是那個鬱金香事件. 後面還有養鳥事件. 物體本身幾乎沒有使用性的價值,造成他的價值很籠統. 所以當一些狀況讓大家對他失去興趣,他就會泡沫. 因為他沒有"使用價值"去做支撐. 但資產就不一樣. 資產這個東西是有實際價值的. 例如公司股票,他的價值來至於公司的資本,來至於公司的營收. 所以他既有所謂的其他價值做擔保,也有所謂的收益性. 當然你在看好看壞的情況下會對他的股價產生波動. 可是一間超賺錢的公司,或是一間公司資產超龐大的公司的股票. 你很難讓他變成廢紙...他最多就是跌很慘跌到超跌狀況. 但是當他超跌後,就會有人因為她既有的價值再去把它低價收購起來. 大同公司不就被人家收購股票,主要目的就是像中他的不動產價直?? 所以這時候,各位少年股神不就很會算他的本益比,算他的股東權益,這你們很專業的阿. 這不就所為什麼價值型投資..XD 巴菲特不就最愛價值型投資,看你價格被低估就把你買下來?? 因此股價的泡沫通常發生在股價遠超過它的價值的時候. 而它的價值認定就是公司的股東權益,以及營收和獲利能力. 那回來看其實最簡單的不動產..XD 不動產這可是"剛性需求"資產. 他既不是消耗型的必須品,例如米飯,蘋果.... 他又不可以取代,你不可能說你今天晚上睡房子,明天就改睡飛機上... 所以他的定位就超簡單. 那就是他"住"的價值. 因此住的價值決定不動產的價值. 而這時候,住的價值怎樣定義?? 這就更簡單了. 最簡單的就是租金.. 你要為住付出代價最好的量化就是,你去租房子要多少錢. 對屋主而言他就可以透過這個資產去取得價值收益. 因此,不動產的價值取決於租金!!!!! 但是一間一萬塊租金的房子,他應該多少價格? 那之後就只是金融的數學問題. 因此才會延伸出我每天講的. 出租投報率 vs 資金成本+持有成本. 當你出租投報率高於另外兩者,那你的價格就是被低估. 無論他今天是一坪50萬還是200萬,他就是被低估. 因為你全額貸款去收租你還會賺錢,這叫做無本套利. 無本套利在資本市場是不合理的存在!!!!!!!!!! 所以資產價格不應該低於這個數字. 所以你一間1萬塊的房子,他一年收租12萬,利率1.3%,稅金5000塊. 那他應該是888萬. 而當你高於這個價格,就代表你買房子不如租房子比較便宜的概念. 因此就會產生泡沫. so...不動產的泡沫就是回歸到基本公式去判斷. 這無敵簡單. 當你出租投報率低於另外兩者總和,他就是價格被低估. 跟甚麼鳥薪資房價比,跟甚麼GDP,跟甚麼人口空屋率.. 也不能講沒關係,這些東西會影響"租金" 因此,所有的關係都已經被計算了. 計算下來阿她就是被低估,你看到他一坪20萬漲到60萬,他還是被低估. 漲三倍會不會泡沫? 阿他價值被低估泡沫個擔擔麵. 但像中國房價就是被大高估. 出租投報率1%,房貸利率就4~5%.靠夭哩. 阿你傻了才會跳入這個市場. 只是因為他是威權政體+有很多手段,所以才硬壓制房價不泡沫化. 但是,中國的房價就算現在打對折我也不會買. 除非他價格回到基本面上(無論是大跌跌更多,還是他利率大幅降低,都可以) 因此不要整天漲多少要泡沫 阿你連泡沫是甚麼都不懂還整天泡沫泡沫..XD 需求怎麼看?你說人口變少空屋率高就是需求小於供給? 你說的蒜??你的依據是甚麼? 這就是完全不動不動產的人在那邊幻想不動產..XD 另外,為啥會漲很多. 199x年的房貸利率是多少?6%耶. 現在是多少?1.3%耶. 那房價要漲多少? 就算算上稅金那個定數,也差不多要漲五倍耶. 這還不包含租金調漲的bounce. 阿你台灣大多數的房子漲五倍了嗎? 還沒阿. 那...是不是還有得漲..XD 阿你在泡沫個甚麼擔擔麵??. 你在這世界少數房價被低估這麼大的市場中,不好好把握機會..XD 哪天房價漲到基本面了,變成難操作了. 你到時候才叫做買也不是不買也不是. 所以漲太兇會怎樣? 會繼續漲阿.. 不然難道泡沫嗎? [論不動產供給兼論不動產一直都是賣家主導](https://www.pttweb.cc/bbs/home-sale/M.1634105021.A.FAC) [論不動產王者特權和住商分離](https://www.pttweb.cc/bbs/Kaohsiung/M.1634023919.A.9B4) [論高持有稅的影響](https://www.pttweb.cc/bbs/home-sale/M.1633930501.A.5A6) [論壓低房價等於通縮兼論少子化的兩種解法](https://www.pttweb.cc/bbs/home-sale/M.1632403119.A.F58) [論台北高房價是人為干涉非正常狀態](https://www.pttweb.cc/bbs/home-sale/M.1631465700.A.B2C) [論區分房價為土地和建物價值的理論為錯,地價是房屋價格反推才對](https://www.pttweb.cc/bbs/home-sale/M.1634825729.A.B89) [論不動產炒做決定價格且提出基本面去思考回檔,你絕對找不到一個通論的證據](https://www.pttweb.cc/bbs/home-sale/M.1635707356.A.1F1) [ 高房價下要如何降低買房難度](https://)

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