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    # 架設 乙太坊 私有鍊 編寫智能合約 很早就想來實作了,來看一下大概大多數都是用 go/node.js 寫 ,java好像很少看到我們來針對 這個部分補一下。 看了一兩天搞一個最初版來玩看看。 總共需要 Ethereum Wallet 錢包 geth 架設私有鏈 Remix 編寫 智能合約 總而言之呢,就是架設一個測試環境讓自己能開發區塊鏈,開始吧! # Geth https://geth.ethereum.org/downloads/ 直接下載最後一個版本就好囉! ![](https://i.imgur.com/MYyWa74.png) 下載好後 全部解壓所到一個資料夾吧 ![](https://i.imgur.com/cvfLdJb.png) # 配置參數 配置我們的創世塊,這邊大家可以去認識一下gasLimit 燃料,這邊手續費在弄智能合約的地方卡很多次以後再補。 ```json { "config": { "chainId": 123, "homesteadBlock": 0, "eip150Block": 0, "eip155Block": 0, "eip158Block": 0 }, "nonce": "0x0000000000000042", "difficulty": "0x010", "mixhash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000", "coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000", "timestamp": "0x00", "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000", "extraData": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000", "gasLimit": "0xffffffff", "alloc": { "0x21d10c5e114a959e6e92c6f5f0ffcbe7df7785f1": {"balance": "99999999999999999999999999999999"}, "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000002": {"balance": "222222222"} } } ``` geth --datadir data init testuser.json # 啟動geth 這些參數都配好囉,比較關鍵的 --ipcpath geth.ipc 這個可以讓你的 Ethereum Wallet 去抓你的網路 變成provider network測試環境 ![](https://i.imgur.com/wllUqAG.png) 進去就看到我們的所有帳戶囉 詳細檔案都在你下面 的 **datadir**裡面,你都沒調的話 預設就是挖礦,現在還有人在挖嗎哈哈 ![](https://i.imgur.com/emFyv6u.png) ``` geth --datadir data --networkid 123 --rpc --rpccorsdomain "*" --nodiscover --rpcapi="db,eth,net,web3,personal " allow-insecure-unlock console --ipcpath geth.ipc 這邊到這裡就大概ok了,想玩其他指令我下面會來整理一下。 ``` # 指令 * **創建錢包** ``` personal.newAccount() ``` * **創建用戶** ``` personal.newAccount() ``` * **查看節點訊息** ``` admin.nodeInfo ``` * **挖礦 裡面可以填參數,用 cpu 挖** ``` miner.start() miner.stop() ``` * **查看帳戶餘額** ``` eth.getBalance(eth.accounts[0]) ``` * **轉帳** ``` eth.sendTransaction({from:”來源帳戶地址”, to:”目的地帳戶地址”, value:web3.toWei(金額, “ether”)}) ``` * **帳戶交易解鎖** ``` personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0]) ``` * **用交易查看區塊資訊** ``` eth.getTransaction(“交易hash”) ``` * **通過區塊編號查看區塊資訊** ``` eth.getBlock(區塊編號) ``` * **查看交易詳細資訊** ``` getTransactionReceipt(“交易hash”) ``` # 智能合約編寫與啟動 **Ethereum Wallet 錢包** ![](https://i.imgur.com/FZzp4J5.png) **Remix** ![](https://i.imgur.com/t6YmXiB.png) 好久沒進來要跑到這邊 去搜尋 run 和 compiler就可以 ![](https://i.imgur.com/Ntyr88H.png) # 編寫合約 這個腳本可以先去看一下 solidity 是什麼,大家都知道有 jvm ,這個東西叫做EVM 類似跨平台編譯的東西也就是乙太虛擬機, 這個合約是說產生一個虛擬的KV數據讓我們可以去練習操作一下。 ``` pragma solidity 0.4.25; contract Token { mapping(string => uint) balanceByName; event setBalanceEvent(string name,uint balance); function setBalance(string memory _name, uint _balance) public { balanceByName[_name] = _balance; emit setBalanceEvent(_name,_balance); } function returnBalance (string memory _name) public view returns (uint){ return balanceByName[_name]; } } ``` 更多合約 https://etherscan.io/ ![](https://i.imgur.com/AmHSynb.png) 當然大家知道合約就是要給大家看的,所以這邊好像是接口的概念, 我們隨便點進去一個 ![](https://i.imgur.com/D7NCLuT.png) 可以看到這些接口都是開放給大家看的後面會說怎麼用 JAVA 調用 智能合約 ,有了這個概念後我們來編譯我們的合約。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/RmhawpZ.png) 編譯完後,到我們這個畫面就可以看到我們的 執行合約的地方 ![](https://i.imgur.com/T8s6kYz.png) 當你把你的合約發佈上去,就可以發現你的 geth 有反應了 不過會沒動作。 當然你也要先 新增帳戶先,才能開始執行智能合約 記得儲值! ![](https://i.imgur.com/tUNrSQO.png) 看到這個畫面就是沒有解鎖帳戶 ``` authentication needed: password or unlock ``` 我們來解鎖帳戶 ``` personal.unlockAccount(eth.accounts[0]) personal.unlockAccount(帳戶 hash) ``` 解鎖帳戶 ![](https://i.imgur.com/1gVzUF1.png) 輸入完帳號密碼 出現 ture 就是沒問題了,會發現我們geth 有收到合約但是沒動作。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/Ux6gLSn.png) 這個時候就可以開始挖礦囉 ``` miner.start() ``` ![](https://i.imgur.com/RRuAYWS.png) 可以看到我們發佈剛剛的合約 ![](https://i.imgur.com/epwKZjj.png) 這個意思就知道 有兩個按鈕,這兩個按鈕就是我們剛剛編寫的合約裡面兩個函數, 要不要顯示就是取決於 函數後面的 view ,更多語法我在這邊就不多講了。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/bHAuqqx.png) 我們回到上面去複製其他帳戶 的帳號在切回去本尊 ![](https://i.imgur.com/A76zbFk.png) 我們填入數據 ``` 0x1c3f3c25928a0522c5c521e1c033f9d3ac409980,100 ``` 這邊數據要好好設置,不同版本可能發生溢味,被 hack利用就糟了 好了之後可以看到 ![](https://i.imgur.com/4vpAjL8.png) 我們在把我們的第二個用戶 **address** 放到下面 可以看到我們存下了 100 塊。 這邊就簡單的範例,還有帳戶對帳戶 互轉 更進階 運用可能 投票系統 ... 衍生出 之前的我爬蟲弄得 bcoin水龍頭 賭博系統。 這一篇大概這樣 下一章節講調用 ,應該蠻簡單的。

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