林柏瑄
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    # 2021 北市賽 不知不覺已經打完高中生涯最後一次北市賽了。 從高一在校內賽就被刷掉、高二被建中打爆差點只剩佳作,到高三終於如願進了全國賽。 今年的題目鑑別度跟去年相比有很大的進步 (或者說是恢復往年的水準?),但題目還是偏怪,甚至跟去年一樣出現不可做題目 OAO ## 題目 ### A 給一個 $n \times m$ 的二維表格 上面有一些連通的格子是黑色的 (不保證是凸的) 求黑色格子外圍的輪廓,從最左上的點順時針依序輸出 $n, m \le 1000$ ### B 有一個字串集合 一開始為空 接下來會依序加入 $n$ 個字串 $s_1, ..., s_n$ 定義一個字串 $s_i$ 的價值是 $|s_i|^2 - M \times \#\{k | 1 \le k \le i-1 \land lcp(s_i, s_k) = M \}$ 其中 $M = \max_{1 \le j \le i-1}{lcp(s_i, s_j)}$ 求所有字串的價值總和 $n \le 10^4, |s_i| \le 200$ ### C 一個套圈圈遊戲有 $n$ 個目標物排成環形 每個目標物有一個權重 $v_i$ 套中一個目標物可得分數是他左右兩邊的目標物權重相乘 之後被套中的目標物會消失 (特例:剩一個目標物時套中他的得分是他的權重) 問最大可能得分 $n \le 100, v_i \le 100$ ### D 給一張無向圖 每個點有兩種權重 $a, b$ 每個點的 $a$ 是事先決定好的,$b$ 是他和他所有鄰居的 $a$ 的總和 給你每個點的 $b$ 求所有點的 $a$ 總和 $n \le 1000$ ### E 給 $n$ 個區間,代表一張無向圖 區間 $[l, r]$ 代表 $l$ 跟 $l+1, l+2, ..., r$ 有連邊 如果一個點同時被包含在所有最大的 clique 裡,則稱這個點是關鍵的 輸出所有關鍵的點 $n \le 10^4$ ### F output only 給一張圖,問你是幾分圖,並給出一種分割方式 $V \le 10^4, E \le 2 \times 10^6$ (羊神說這是 NP-Hard OAO) ## 比賽過程記錄 其實我忘記當時的寫題順序了 QQ 計分板點選手名字沒跳出詳細資訊,不知道 484 師大 CMS 燒雞,總之我只能憑印象還原出大概的寫題順序 比賽剛開始 CMS 居然直接掛掉 OAO,全部人都登不進去,還好很快就恢復了 看完題目發現,居然有六題,而且沒有很顯然的水題欸 對題目們的第一印象是 A 煩躁實作 B 裸 Trie C 可能是區間 DP,但不太像 D 除了高斯消去還是高斯消去 E 某種觀察 F 沒想法 總之先把 B 拿到再說 雖然是實作難度不高的 Trie,但比賽用的筆電鍵盤鍵位跟我的筆電不一樣,方向鍵還超小,好死不死左右鍵的上面就剛好是 PgUp 跟 PgDn,寫的時候一直按到,花了不少時間在適應這件事 在開始後 30 分鐘把 B 拿到手了 - 0/100/0/0/0/0 之後發現 C 暴搜居然可以拿 80 分,因為對滿分解還沒有想法,當然先撈了再說 傳上去發現,$O(n!)$ 居然 AC 了 ?\_? 怎麼可能,我連剪枝都沒剪欸?就算是師大測資也該有個限度吧? - 0/100/100/0/0/0 這時候大概過了 50 分鐘,跑去刻 A 的滿分解,花了 30 分鐘好不容易刻完了 結果卻吃了個大大的 WA 這時朝著題本仔細一看,蛤,長方形有 71 分? 不管滿分解了,開撈 (再不先看子題啊,毒瘤) - 71/100/100/0/0/0 中途 C 有 rejudge,果然就算是師大測資也不會讓我暴搜拿滿分的,我的 80 分總算是被打回原形 - 71/100/80/0/0/0 快過兩個小時了,還是連一半的分數都沒拿到 再這樣下去可能進不了全國 我開始慌了 看著還沒動過的 DEF,我挑了 F 來做 隨便構了一個 greedy 解,結果只拿了 10 分 - 71/100/80/0/0/10 時間不多了,我決定把一切都賭在 D 的高斯消去上 甚至沒去思考 $O(n^3)$ 會不會 TLE,就直接刻下去了 高斯消去刻出來以後,測範測居然沒有消乾淨 :EEEEE: 在極度慌張的情況下 我從腦海翻出在 AA 競程寫過的那題高斯消去的 AC code,試圖找出修好我 code 的方法 最後我採用的作法是,如果遇到要用第 $i$ 行消第 $i+1 \sim n$ 行,但第 $i$ 行第 $i$ 個變數係數是 $0$,就要從第 $i+1 \sim n$ 行找一行第 $i$ 個變數不是 $0$ 的跟他 swap 範測總算過了 上傳,拿到了 73 這個奇怪的分數 (27/0/46) 幸好是 TLE 不是 WA 把一行模運算的部分優化一下,就拿到 AC 了 - 71/100/80/100/0/10 還剩最後一點點時間,我把 E 的 37 分喇到 F 換了一種 greedy 方法,最後 30 秒壓線上傳,又唬爛過了兩筆 比賽結束 - 71/100/80/100/37/30 三小時六題真的寫不完啦 QwQ ## 成績 總分:418/600 Rank:一等四 ## 一些有趣以及不有趣的事 0. 今年北市賽還是被建中主宰,十個全國賽名額有七個建中 1. 今年選訓高一保進來的張庭瑋,北市賽直接起飛,無情開電拿走一等三 2. 燒雞定理三人組都三等獎,其中山姆是第 11 名 QQ,還有 Foxdd 終於學會喇分了 3. dreamoon 預測的第六跟第七名結果分別得到 11 跟 12 名,或成新一代舒服大師? 4. 師大的神祺魔法總是會讓一二三等線切開,今年 400+ 都是一等,300+ 都是二等,250+ 都是三等 5. 下午跟其他選手和去年高三的電神玩桌遊,打風聲好幾次打到快終局都會出現各種鎖定、調虎離山、識破、角色技能滿天飛,超刺激 6. 張庭瑋 BFS 大師 orz 7. 打🉐國蟑螂,王政祺為了讓劉澈相信一隻蠍子不是蠍子,不惜犧牲三張牌來誘導他,心機大師

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