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    $\require{mhchem}$ # 化学滚动(2021.4.15) [![hackmd-github-sync-badge](https://hackmd.io/klxPJH5uQ5OaPoJHWj1gbQ/badge)](https://hackmd.io/klxPJH5uQ5OaPoJHWj1gbQ) ###### tags: `Chemistry` ## 单选题 判断:燃煤中加入 $\ce{CaO}$ 可以减少酸雨的形成和温室气体的排放。 错误,不能减少温室气体的排放。 工业上制取氢氧化钠和氯气的方法? 电解饱和食盐水。 工业上制取单质钠的方法? 电解熔融氯化钠。 氨基酸能否与酸/碱反应? 能。 肽键在酸碱环境下水解的过程能否消耗酸或碱? 能。虽然肽键水解过程本身不消耗酸碱,但是水解产生的氨基酸能够与酸/碱反应。 已知 $\ce{HX}$ 为一元弱酸。向 $\ce{HX}$ 溶液中滴加一定量的 $\ce{NaOH}$ 溶液至中性,溶液中 $\ce{X-}$ 离子的物质的量为? 由于溶液呈中性,此时 $\ce{X-}$ 的水解程度和 $\ce{HX}$ 的电离程度相当,$\ce{X-}$ 的物质的量与滴加的 $\ce{NaOH}$ 的物质的量相等。 硫酸亚铁在空气中蒸干灼烧的生成物是什么? 硫酸铁和氧化铁。 **硫酸亚铁氧化生成氢氧化铁,灼烧为氧化铁。** $\ce{12FeSO4 + 3O2 + 6H2O -> 4Fe2(SO4)3 + 4Fe(OH)3}$ 判断:工业制硫酸和制硝酸涉及的反应都是氧化还原反应。 错误,如 $\ce{SO_3}$ 溶于水生成硫酸。 制备溴苯时,使用溴水还是液溴? 液溴。 固氮指的是什么? 将空气中游离态氮转化为化合态氮的过程。 ## 主观题 铁表面的油污可以用什么处理? **热的**纯碱溶液 ($\ce{Na2CO3}$)。 过滤需要的玻璃仪器有哪些? 烧杯、漏斗和玻璃棒。

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