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    # 心靈成長-"拖延心理學"摘要分享 #中篇 ###### tags: `讀書心得` `拖延心理學-總集篇` ## :memo: 接續第二部:你偏向哪種拖延類型呢? 3. ### 反抗權威型 * 想用拖延來爭取主控權 * 有些人對掌控權特別敏感,他們可能會反抗每條規則或要求,而有些人是想以拖延的方式來獲得掌控權 * 他們大多抱著底下幾種心態 * 規則就該被打破 * 透過拖延來反抗權威可以讓拖延者覺得自己與眾不同的感覺 * 甚至有時打破的規則可能是自己訂 * 弱勢者想增權 * 將「拖延」變成權力平衡的工具 * 你會覺得你的上司似乎拿你沒輒,因為它不能逼你準時完成 * 也就是你覺得拖延是能「照著自己的意思(也就是拖延)」在做事 * 享受跟時間賽跑 * 他們想享受冒險刺激的感覺,想把事情推向極限才肯開始行動 * 他們享受處於「危機邊緣」的刺激感,但他們輕忽了這也等同於是賭上自己的生活和前途 * 反抗現實 * 不顧面對現實,受不了限制,受不了無法掌控他人或無法掌控自己的感覺 * 他們想透過拖延來活在自己的想像中,彷彿那才屬於自己的現實 * 不想反抗但內心卻又掙扎的根源 * 這種情況可能因為從小就受到嚴格的管束 * 對個人獨立缺乏自信的孩子而言,他們無法培養出健全的自我,他們會覺得想要獨立的念頭不會獲得鼓勵和支持,而是會遭到壓抑,所以能讓他們生存下來的一種方式就是反抗,用拖延來反抗來保護自己 *  小結: *  真正的自由是,你可以「選擇」你要應付哪些爭戰,和避免哪些你無法選擇的戰爭,這樣才是真正握有權力,真正的做自己,而不是透過「拖延」來取回權力的平衡 4. ### 害怕分離型和害怕親進型 * 害怕分離型 * 離開舒適圈(跟別人太親近或太疏遠)時會讓他們感到很不自在,他們想要竭盡所能的回到舒適圈,而拖延就成了他們在人際關係中用來回歸平衡的方法 * 分離焦慮,拒絕獨行 * 脫離舒適圈太遠會讓他們覺得無法思考,他們感覺身邊必須有人陪伴才能行動,他們希望能成為你的一部份,也希望你成為他們的一部份,他們才能感到滿足,所以當不確定能否獨立運作時,他們便以拖延來因應 * 或當只能靠自己時會很想要獲得幫助 * 很想要別人來確定自己的想法是否可行,或無法自己想出點子時就遲遲不想開工,想用拖延的方式來獲得關注和幫助 * 害怕親近型 * 與害怕疏遠想反,太親近會讓他們覺得不自在,當他們一發現有人可能逼近、壓迫、催促或要求他們時,他們就會想用「拖延」來迅速撤退 * 害怕親近可能有以下幾個特點 * 我的都是你的,那我還剩什麼 * 不想重蹈覆轍 * 拖延就像你的盟友一樣,保護你不再受傷 * 不想被人窺見內在的黑暗面 * 害怕自己在親密關係的壓力下會變成另一個人 *  小結: *  在人際關係中要做到既依賴又獨立是可能的,兩者兼具相當重要,兩者的平衡能允許和鼓勵雙方以獨立的個體發展和成長,也能在過程當中感到充實 ### 額外共同問題:你知道現在幾點嗎? *  我們每個人都有「主觀時間」和「客觀時間」 * 「客觀時間」由鐘錶和日曆來衡量,而「主觀時間」就是自身對時間流逝的認知 * 其中「主觀時間」的另一種變體是「事件時間」 * 事件時間就像是「吃飽後我就開始唸書」或「我看完這部電影就去洗澡」,透過發生某些事而產生的時間感 *  而有時拖延只是自己的「主觀時間」與「客觀時間」或自己的「主觀時間」與別人的「主觀時間」偏差太大所導致的,所以尋求一個折衷點,便能大幅減少對時間上的誤會 ## :rocket: 備註 * 下篇接著介紹如何改善拖延的方法 * HackMD 原文連結:https://hackmd.io/iI2ZDb9nQ62bllE-_PolSg

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