王學仁(學仁大大)
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APCS進階班第1次模擬考解答 === * [d096: 00913 - Joana and the Odd Numbers](#d096) * [b265: Q11286 - Conformity](#b265) * [c002: 10696 - f91](#c002) * [c123: 00514 - Rails](#c123) * [b266: 矩陣翻轉(APCS官網例題)](#b266) # <a id='b266'>b266: 矩陣翻轉(APCS官網例題)</a> https://zerojudge.tw/ShowProblem?problemid=b266 範例輸入:([解答連結](http://rs-vb.blogspot.tw/2016/09/apcs-10532-c.html)) ``` 3 2 3 <- 3列 2行 3個翻轉或旋轉指令 1 1 <- 以下3列是矩陣 3 1 1 2 1 0 0 <- 0是旋轉(順時針) 1是翻轉(上下翻轉) 3 2 2 3 3 2 1 1 2 0 1 ``` 範例輸出: ``` 3 2 <- 下面矩陣的row跟col 1 1 <- 矩陣資料 1 3 2 1 2 3 <- 下面矩陣的row跟col 2 1 3 <- 矩陣資料 1 2 3 ``` 範例解釋 ``` 輸入資訊如下 3 2 3 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 0 0 代表結果的矩陣B是這樣 1 1 3 1 1 2 B是A矩陣經過1(上下顛倒)->0(順時針旋轉)->0(順時針旋轉) 所以要求出A必須將 1 0 0 給回朔 ``` 解答 ```csharp #include < iostream > #include < vector > using namespace std; const int MaxN = 10; int a[2][MaxN][MaxN]; int rc[2]; //列高、行寬 void rev0(int s, int w) //逆旋轉 { int r = rc[w], c = rc[1 - w]; int i, j; for (i = 0; i < r; ++i) for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) a[1 - s][c - 1 - j][i] = a[s][i][j]; } void rev1(int s, int w) //逆翻轉 { int r = rc[w], c = rc[1 - w]; int i, j; for (i = 0; i < r; ++i) for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) a[1 - s][r - 1 - i][j] = a[s][i][j]; } void print(int s, int w) //印矩陣 { int r = rc[w], c = rc[1 - w]; int i, j; cout << r << ' ' << c << endl; for (i = 0; i < r; ++i) { cout << a[s][i][0]; for (j = 1; j < c; ++j) cout << ' ' << a[s][i][j]; cout << endl; } } int main(void) { int i, j, k, r, c, m; bool first = true; while (cin >> r >> c >> m) { rc[0] = r; rc[1] = c; for (i = 0; i < r; ++i) for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) cin >> a[0][i][j]; int s = 0, w = 0; // print(s,w); // 測試用印出 int d[MaxN]; for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) cin >> d[i]; for (i = m - 1; i >= 0; --i) { if (d[i] == 0) { rev0(s, w); // 旋轉 w = 1 - w; } else rev1(s, w); // 翻轉 s = 1 - s; // print(s,w); // 測試用印出 } if (first) first = false; else cout << endl; print(s, w); } return 0; } ``` Allen註解版 ```csharp #include <iostream> using namespace std; const int MaxN = 10; int data[MaxN][MaxN]; int cmd[MaxN]; int row, col; void reverse_cmd0() //逆旋轉(逆時針旋轉) { int i, j; int newData[MaxN][MaxN]; //逆時針旋轉 for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { newData[j][i] = data[i][col - j - 1]; } } //把row與col交換 int temp = row; row = col; col = temp; //把新的陣列回傳給data for (i = 0; i < row; i++) for (j = 0; j < col; j++) data[i][j] = newData[i][j]; } void reverse_cmd1() //逆翻轉(翻轉逆跟不膩都是一樣的) { int i, j; int newData[MaxN][MaxN]; //上下顛倒 for (i = 0; i < row; i++) for (j = 0; j < col; j++) newData[i][j] = data[row - i - 1][j]; //把新的陣列回傳給data for (i = 0; i < row; i++) for (j = 0; j < col; j++) data[i][j] = newData[i][j]; } void print() //印矩陣 { int i, j; cout << row << ' ' << col << endl; for (i = 0; i < row; ++i) { for (j = 0; j < col; ++j) cout << data[i][j] << " "; cout << endl; } } int main(void) { int i, j, m; while (cin >> row >> col >> m) { //依序輸入所有矩陣的資料 for (i = 0; i < row; ++i) for (j = 0; j < col; ++j) cin >> data[i][j]; //輸入操作矩陣的指令(0或1) for (i = 0; i < m; ++i) cin >> cmd[i]; //從最後一個指令開始解析,因為我們要讓整個矩陣變成原矩陣 for (i = m - 1; i >= 0; --i) { if (cmd[i] == 0) { reverse_cmd0(); // 逆時針旋轉 } else { reverse_cmd1(); // 翻轉 } } print(); cout << endl; } return 0; } ``` --- # <a id='c002'>c002: 10696 - f91</a> zerojudge: https://zerojudge.tw/ShowProblem?problemid=c002 uva: https://uva.onlinejudge.org/index.php?option=com_onlinejudge&Itemid=8&page=show_problem&problem=1637 • If N ≤ 100, then f91(N) = f91(f91(N + 11)); • If N ≥ 101, then f91(N) = N − 10. --- ```csharp #include < iostream > using namespace std; int f91(int); int main() { int n; while (cin >> n && n != 0) { cout << "f91(" << n << ") = " << f91(n) << endl; } } int f91(int num) { if (num <= 100) return f91(f91(num + 11)); //遞迴 else return num - 10; //終止條件 } ``` --- # <a id='c123'>c123: 00514 - Rails</a> https://zerojudge.tw/ShowProblem?problemid=c123 解答 ```csharp //By SCJ //uva 514 #include < bits / stdc++.h > using namespace std; int main() { int n; bool fir = 0; while (cin >> n, n != 0) { while (1) { bool fg = 0; int t, cnt = 2; stack < int > s; s.push(1); bool ok = 1; //預設是ok // for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { cin >> t; //輸入每個車廂 if (t == 0) { //輸入0代表造跳出 fg = 1; break; } while (cnt <= n && (s.empty() || s.top() != t)) { s.push(cnt++); } if (s.empty() || s.top() != t) { //不ok ok = 0; } else { s.pop(); } } //輸入0所以跳出 if (fg) break; if (ok) { cout << "Yes" << endl; } else { cout << "No" << endl; } } cout << endl; } } ``` Allen翻譯版本 ```csharp //uva 514 #include < bits / stdc++.h > using namespace std; int main() { //n代表要輸入幾個火車廂 int n; while (cin >> n, n != 0) { while (1) { bool flag = 0; //flag=1代表要跳出目前的測試模式 int train; int cnt = 2; //代表要駛入車站的車廂號碼 stack < int > stk; //火車站 stk.push(1); //先讓第一節車廂開進火車站 bool ok = true; //預設是ok,預設是會成功的,中途遇到錯誤再改成ok=false for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { cin >> train; //輸入每個車廂 if (train == 0) { //輸入0代表要跳出 flag = 1; break; } //還有未進站的火車 且 目前車站的車頭不是我們要的 while (cnt <= n && (stk.empty() || stk.top() != train)) { //if(stk.empty())cout<<"車站沒車"<<endl; //cout<<"火車("<<cnt<<")進站"<<endl; stk.push(cnt++); } //如果車站是空的 或 要出站的火車不是我們要的 if (stk.empty() || stk.top() != train) { //代表出車失敗,ok = false ok = false; } else { //成功出車,把火車送出停靠站,往B前進 //cout<<"火車("<<stk.top()<<")出站"<<endl; stk.pop(); } } //輸入0所以跳出 if (flag) break; if (ok) { cout << "Yes" << endl; } else { cout << "No" << endl; } } cout << endl; } } ``` --- # <a id='b265'>b265: Q11286 - Conformity</a> [https://zerojudge.tw/ShowProblem?problemid=b265](https://zerojudge.tw/ShowProblem?problemid=b265) 需要用到 struct, sort, 且較難想的題目 ```csharp #include <iostream> #include <string.h> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; int N; struct Student { int course[5]; } student[10005]; //比較兩個學生的所有課程編號大小 bool cmp(Student A, Student B) { for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) if (A.course[i] != B.course[i]) return A.course[i] < B.course[i]; return false; } //檢測兩個學生的所有課程是否一樣 bool same(int x, int y) { for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) if (student[x].course[i] != student[y].course[i]) return false; return true; } int main() { //N位學生 while (cin >> N) { if (N == 0) break; int x; //輸入每位學生所選的課程,最後把課程先排序 for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) { cin >> student[i].course[j]; } sort(student[i].course, student[i].course + 5); } //將學生們也進行排序,依照他們所選的課當依據 sort(student + 1, student + N + 1, cmp); //longest代表最多人選的課程組合,有多少人選 //now暫存的變數,紀錄相同的課程組合,重複出現幾次 //ans是最後的答案 int longest = 1, now = 1, ans = 0; //掃過每位學生,找出最多人選的組合,總共有多少人選 for (int i = 2; i <= N; i++) { if (same(i, i - 1)) { now++; //該位同學與前一位同學的選課一模一樣,課程重複次數增加 if (now > longest) longest = now; //新的最熱門課程誕生 } else now = 1; //該位學生與前位學生的選課不同,重複次數重新計算 } now = 1; //最熱門課程只有一人,代表大家選的都不同,每位學生的組合都是最熱門的組合 //檢查最多人選的課程是否不只一種組合,如果longest是3,裡面有兩個課程組合各有3人選的話 //那就是3+3,答案就是6 //裡面比較特別的是當每種組合都不同(longest==1)時,要把答案先+1 for (int i = 2; i <= N; i++) { if (same(i, i - 1)) { now++; } else now = 1; if (now == longest) ans += longest; } if(longest==1) ans++; cout << ans << endl; } return 0; } ``` --- # <a id='d096'>d096: 00913 - Joana and the Odd Numbers</a> [https://zerojudge.tw/ShowProblem?problemid=d096](https://zerojudge.tw/ShowProblem?problemid=d096) ```csharp #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { long long n, ans, row, lineStarter, lastOdd; while (cin >> n) { //算出n個奇數該出現在第幾列,也就是row row = (1 + n) / 2; //算出第row列的開頭數字是多少 lineStarter = (row - 1) * (row - 1) * 2 + 1; //該列的最後一個奇數的算法 lastOdd = lineStarter + 2 * (n - 1); //lastOdd+(lastOdd-2)+(lastOdd-4) = lastOdd*3 -6 ans = lastOdd * 3 - 6; cout << ans << endl; } return 0; } ```

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