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    Analysis of Driver’s ECG Signal based on the Prairie Road Environment with Limited Speed Driving === ###### LI Xianghong [school of Energy Science and Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo, China Lixianghong001@126.com], HU Shoulin [College of Energy and Transportation Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University,Hohhot, China zhushoulin@126.com] ## Keyword Prairie road environment, driver, Heart Rate, Heart Rate ### 中英 ## Content 公路景觀是交通環境的部分,會影響到駕駛的心理生理狀況、駕駛行為、行車疲勞和交通安全。 本篇著重在研究草原公路,草原公路景觀單一、交通流量少,根據研究駕駛員心率增長的關係:隨時間增加駕駛的心臟生長率呈下降趨勢,26-30分鐘內有比較大的變化,透過問卷能發現80%的駕駛同時感到不適或疲勞。 根據實地調查核對內蒙古草原 - 景觀 |公路路段|公路等級|設計車速(km/h)|總里程(km)|公路路域景觀| |:----:|:-----:|:----------:|:----------:|:----------| |1|1|100|121.326|以草原微丘為主,沿線有固定和半固定沙地,植被主要是荒漠草 原,覆蓋率10%~30%| |2|2|80|152.494|平原微丘,地面植被稀疏,草色枯黃,周邊景觀色彩單調| |3|2|80|117.589|線行變化起伏較大,沿路植被發育良好,草色翠綠,景觀優美| - 線型 直線是公路平面基本要素,方向明確、佈線容易、距離最短,在線型設計較容易採用。 ![直線段總長](https://i.imgur.com/06VhFez.png) ![直線總長佔總里程的百分比](https://i.imgur.com/UpxnMn2.png) - 交通 通常草原公路交通流量小,駕駛員操作轉換頻率低,景觀、交通環境和駕駛操作干擾較小,實際車速均高於設計車速 ### 實驗方法 使用隨機分層抽樣方法,選取5名身體健康、有駕駛經驗且未發生交通事故的駕駛 |編號|性別|年齡|車齡|健康|職業|路段熟悉度| |:-:|:-:|:--:|:-:|:--|---|---------| |01|男|48|19|良好|教師|不熟悉| |02|男|41|4|良好|教師|不熟悉| |03|男|40|13|良好|教師|不熟悉| |04|男|40|2|良好|教師|不熟悉| |05|女|49|2|良好|教師|不熟悉| 選擇天氣晴朗、同一實驗車輛、相近日期同時段在測試路段車流量較少時進行,以減少天氣、人體節律、超車、被超車環境因素對駕駛員心律的影響。 在實驗路段,受試駕駛以80km/h通過100km草原實驗路段,利用RM6240B多到生理信號採集處理系統對駕駛的生理信號(心電、眼電)採集。實驗獲得5組有效數據,每組皆紀錄變化量。 實驗期間,受試人員及實驗人員不能說話、不能聽音樂,同時紀錄草原公路線性、景觀、超車、會車、被超車等訊息。 ### 結果 #### 評鑑指標 1. 心律 心律即心臟收縮平率,單位時間內心臟跳動的次數,心臟活動是自主神經(即植物神經)系統透過末梢對心血管功能實現調節。 心律變化可受外界環境影響,如遇外界環境突變、精神緊張或情緒改變,交感神經興奮時導致心率加快;在休息或睡眠狀態下副交感神經興奮時,心律減慢。 2. 心律增長率 與心率相比,增長率能更真實衡量駕駛員行使過程的生理變化程度。本文提到的心律增長率表示駕駛行車過程某一刻的增長率,公式為 $\ Ni=\dfrac{ni-\overline{n}}{\overline{n}}\times100$% $Ni$表示駕駛某刻的心律值 ### 心律影響統計分析 ![](https://i.imgur.com/Yab1J5N.png) 實驗開始階段心律約90bpm,由於陌生路況及實驗儀器等因素比較緊張、警惕性較高、注意力很集中 隨著駕駛時間增加,心律降低至80bpm,緊張、警惕性降低 ### 心律增長率統計分析 ![](https://i.imgur.com/McN96O3.png) 駕駛在草原公路上與山區公路心律增長率變化不同,草原上心律增長率隨時間降低,增長率在20%左右。 隨著駕駛時時間增加,心律增長逐漸下降,說明駕駛適應了駕駛環境,但卻不是好事,在公路上行駛時,需有適當的視覺刺激,來防止「公路催眠」的發生。 根據圖片駕駛時間變化趨勢表明一方面駕駛員在草原公路行駛比較放鬆,另一方面表示本研究草原公路景觀及線型景觀單一,缺少視覺刺激,長時間行使容易發生「被催眠」。值得注意的一點是25-30分鐘,駕駛員心律出現突變點,根據問卷有80%駕駛在30分鐘出現煩躁或疲勞,持續時間為5-10分鐘,表示心律增長能表現駕駛員煩躁或疲勞變化。 ### 結論 1. 經實地調查統計分析:草原道路線型以長直線為主,平曲線較少、坡度變化少、豎曲線變化點多、景觀單一、交通流量小、駕駛員操作轉換頻率低,交通環境和駕駛操作等對駕駛干擾小。 2. 草原公路限速實驗中隨著駕駛行駛時間增加,駕駛心律有降低趨勢,行駛時間與行使心律成負相關。草原公路景觀單一,缺少視覺刺激,若長時間行駛在此種公路景觀中駕駛容易發生「被催眠」的現象,而出現危險。 3. 實驗路段駕駛員心率增長表明在行駛時間25-30分鐘,駕駛心律增長率出現突變點,表明心率增長綠能表示駕駛煩躁或疲勞變化。建議在草原公路限速行駛30分鐘時,應在路段設置適當景觀防止疲勞點出現。 ## Review 這篇論文主要在研究以生理監測的方式在單調的路況上駕駛的情況,可以看到使用他提出的方法心律可以知道疲勞度、緊張、警惕等狀態,隨著時間推移開車越久搭配單純的路況會有公路催眠的危機,而增長率搭配問卷可以發現在30分鐘的時候駕駛的疲勞或煩躁感突然增加,這些都是很危險的,若是催眠感增加,突然出現小小的彎路容易讓駕駛反應不及、導致車禍。 ## Reference [1]Wang Shuling. Research on limits mountain slope length of slope of mountain two-lane highway Based on driver’s Psychological physiological responses [D]. Beijing a master's degree thesis of University of Technology,2005 (In Chinese) [2] WU Rina. Research on Longitudinal Slope of Forest Road Based on Driver’S Psychological and Physiological Reflection[D].Inner Mongolia: a master's degree thesis of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2008 (In Chinese) [3]Liu Yang. Analyze the Light Conditions of Highway Tunnel Based onDriver’s PHysiological and Psychological Reflection [D].Inner Mongolia: a master's degree thesis of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2009 (In Chinese) [4]Zheng Ke,Ren Futian. the Study of Driver’s Tension on Straight section of highway traffic [J]. Beijing University of Technology,2003,29(2):199-202 (In Chinese) [5]Wu Liuxin,Wang Hongyu etc. the research on the analysis of heart rate variability. Chinese Circulation Journal,1994,9(9):568-570 (In Chinese) [6]Pan Xiaodong.the Applications of information technology about human body in the security evaluation about road geometry.Shanghai: Postdoctoral Research Report, Tongji University,2002. (In Chinese) ###### tags: `ELSE論文` `IEEE` `Conference` `2011`

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