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    # 非和声音 ## 旋律的不協和音 * どんな不協和音もその一つの音の順次進行によって協和音程に解決できる * 不協和な音程は協和音同士を繋ぐとも言える * 旋律進行の中で生じる不協和音をこの章では研究する⇒非和声音(nonharmonic tone) ## 経過音(passing tone)⇒P 旋律の跳躍はその間を全て順次進行で埋めることができる(全音階的、半音階的)。これが経過音(P)と呼ばれるものである。 * リズム的には弱いものである、しかし小節のどこにでも現れることができる。強拍上に現れる「アクセントのある経過音」は実質的に弱い椅音とも言える * どの声部でも使える、複数の声部で同時に使うのもOK。しかし二つ以上の声部で使うと和音が動いてるようにもみえるだろう。実習で用いる際は最初は慎重に、和声構造の明瞭さを保つことを薦めたい。 * バッハのコラールは非和声音のバランスが最高の模範の一つだ https://youtu.be/50ByEtluIJA?t=23 * 短旋法の場合、経過音としてる使われる第6音度、第7音度⇒上行形、下行形の旋律短音階に由来するだろう ## 隣音(neighbor note)⇒(刺繍音)⇒N 隣音はリズム的価値の弱い音で、一つの静止音を飾る役目を果たす。これは飾られる音から半音または全音で到達され、次に原音に戻る。 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHHzop0ha6Y 隣音が主要音に戻るとき和声の変化が起きることもある 隣音が下にあると、原音に対する一時的な導音の性質を帯びる https://youtu.be/Bvs3FVeybK8?t=116 上部隣音と下部隣音が結びつくと、一つの中心音をめぐる5音の旋律的ターンが形成される https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DHSDwfM0y_U 上記のパターンはしばしば3つめの音を省いた形でもみいだされる⇒複隣音(連続刺繍音) 2つ3つの隣音が同時に並行で現れると⇒隣和音(neighbor chord)(補助和音)(刺繍和音) https://youtu.be/tHg3BiQc5OQ?t=269 開始または復帰の原音が省略される⇒不完全隣音(IN) 前打音(grace note)の多くは導音型の不完全隣音である 経過音同様、隣音も必ずしも不協和音とは限らない ## 先取音(anticipation)(ant.) 音の先取りである。リズム的にいえば、先取りされる音への上拍のようなもので、普通は音へタイで結ばれない https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17XDb5DugxU ## 倚音 リズム的に強い 8-18 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h589-adlGig 通常椅音は和音構成音に解決する 予備の有無 いろいろな予備があるよ 予備があるタイプ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRJlm0lCyoI 予備のないタイプ https://youtu.be/wRJlm0lCyoI?t=378 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aIKylGCzKJk

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