莊淯琛
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    # 台灣推動歷史正義與轉型正義的經驗 ### :movie_camera: 課程影片 {%youtube L9nvjYs4l-w %} 在培訓營的第一場演講,楊翠主委介紹了台灣威權統治時期的特質,並且和學員們一起探問「轉型正義是什麼」、「我們為什麼需要轉型正義」、「我們過去做了什麼、未來還能做什麼」等核心而重要的問題 ## 【台灣威權統治時期的特質】 台灣的威權統治時期有著非常體制化的運作,包含極權的核心機關、龐大的情治系統,以及細緻的控制性法令,透過嚴密的程序進入到人民的日常生活。楊翠主委舉例,她在學生時期曾深受國家教育的影響,對於中國地理如數家珍,長江黃河也成為她的孺慕之處。當這個體制成為人民日常生活的一部分,有人可能會覺得這些事情很平常,但那是因為它已經成為我們血肉的一部分,我們不知道它是有毒的,且逐漸侵蝕我們的主體。 這些綿密的情治系統也包含告密檢舉的獎勵機制,如今回頭來看,威權時期政治受難者的數量有近兩萬人,且只是保守計算,目前仍沒有完全確定的數量。實際的案例都還需要更多工作加以釐清。 ## 【讓過去真正過去】 我們應該用什麼樣的態度面對過去威權體制造成的傷害,才能讓過去真正過去?有些人認為遺忘就沒事了,有些人則認為轉型正義是揭開那些已經結痂的傷疤。但事實上,台灣過去發生的傷痛,因為欠缺被打開、清瘡,所以它從來沒有結痂,更沒有痊癒,那些痛的根源始終沒有真正被認識、被解決。 泰雅語sbalay更說明了「真相」與「和解」的關係。它原為「真的、確實的」之意,引申為「追求真相、促進和解」的意思。這個概念強調我們必須「撫平」錯綜複雜、充滿皺褶的因果關係。和解,必須建立在充分的理解與協商之上,彼此修復關係。 ## 【轉型正義的過去與未來】 台灣的轉型正義是從民間開始的,過去有許多政治受難者當事人與家屬,不只承擔了政治迫害的痛,更勇敢站出來,承擔國家與社會應該要做的轉型正義工程。促轉會在2018年成立,在目前法律授權的框架中,透過蒐整當事人清單、平復司法不法、調查國家對原民地區的控制、徵集部落族人記憶、促進社會溝通以及歷史調查人才培育等六項工作,著力於原住民族轉型正義。然而,轉型正義除了是國家的工程、政府的工作,同時也是人民的功課,期盼更多民眾加入,共同參與歷史調查的行列。 ###### tags: `原住民族歷史真相調查人才培訓營`

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