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    # 數位發展部導入自然人憑證無密碼驗證與零信任 / 周詳 {%hackmd @ModernWeb/SyA2U6SmT %} > 共筆請從這開始 ## 關於講者 - [部落格](https://medium.com/chouhsiang) ## 數位發展部部內員工身分驗證機制 ### 身份驗證的選擇 - AD: 透過 LDAP、Kerberos 驗證 - 優點:傳統 - 缺點:不好整合雲端、安全性 - 行動 / 實體自然人憑證 - 優點:無密碼驗證 - 缺點:每個應用程式獨立開發介接 - 單一登入 SSO:透過 OAuth、SAML 驗證 - 優點:中央統一管理與稽核、二階段驗證、開發容易 - 缺點:無法以行動自然人憑證驗證 - 登入流程 應用程式 -> 單一登入(MS ID SSO) -> 同盟驗證 -> 二階段驗證. - Demo 在windows登入-> 跑出一個app (email) -> 輸入身分證 -> 手機自然人憑證-> 手機輸入MS auth -> 登入成功. ## 自然人憑證 2003 開始簽發 可簽章、加解密 - 2003 年開始, 可以用於政府上服務 - 外國人也可以申請 - 效展5年,展期3年, 最長8年. 自然人憑證可以做什麼 - 身份驗證 - 數位簽章 - >> 原文->私key加密->公key解密->原文 - 資料加密 - >> 原文->公key加密->私key加密->原文. ## 行動自然人憑證 TW Fido ### 自然人憑證的app 需要用自然人憑證卡來註冊app - 生物識別驗證 - 有效期限1年,展期1年 - 外國人也可以申請 ### 行動自然人憑證功能 ## Entra ID (Azure AD) 什麼是 AzureAD ? 要先介紹 SSO ### 單一登入SSO 微軟提供雲端版的SSO=>Entra ID(原名Azure AD) ### AD和Azure AD ### Azure AD流程 應用程式 → 單一登入 → 密碼驗證 → MFA ## 同盟驗證 允許使用者使用單一組憑證在不同服務和應用程式間進行單一簽入 ## Azure AD 同盟驗證 ## 政府零信任 ## 數位發展部零信任 結語 透過同盟驗證,可以自行開發驗證方法,並整合 Azure AD 原本的優勢 ------ > 聊天區 講者不是網軍,正規軍 弱弱的問一下,AD 是甚麼呀? > [Azure ad](https://azure.microsoft.com/zh-tw/products/active-directory-ds) Azure Active Directory >> 現在叫做 Microsoft Entra ID(沒有人在乎) 講師剛剛說ad 不能走雲端 然後又用azure ad . . . > 講者:補充說明,是指應用程式與AD驗證需要把彼此連線的網路打通,但走SSO不需要 都說走內網還用手機驗證 手機連哪裡網路..... wifi? 有些公司不給連wifi說 > 敝公司也是用 Azure AD,二段認證是可以 offline 的,使用與 Google Authenticator 相同的 TOTP 但很多金融和科技業公司很多限制 連google 雲端都不給連.. > 員工的電腦不能連,不代表串 SSO 的 server 不能連阿 出自己的規格拿出來吹? > 有提到網路走cloudflare zerotrust 類似VPN環境 那限制很多.... 請問一下目前自然人憑證期限32依然是5年嗎? 這加密部分算是 drm? > 講者:不是DRM,自然人憑證卡的加解密是使用卡內的公私鑰 UI依然很政府 > 講者:持續改進 sso 跟第三方登入不一樣吧? 可能是我認知錯誤。。。 他那一張圖是第三方登入吧。。我做電商登入的。。。 那麼相信微軟喔..... > 講者:與微軟整合是身份鑑別部分,要訪問服務還要通過Cloudflare Zero trust規則與設備鑑別規則 數位發展部=> 還是數位整合部?? 整合別人的產品沒有一個是自己做的。。。 > 有自己實作過的就知道後續維護的困難,有時候基礎設施/服務不如直接買廠商更成熟的 solution,還有後續維護保證(+1) > 敝公司曾經自行實作 API Management,最後還是買了 Google Apigee 省事 > 講者:我們也是考慮到基礎建設的維運難易度,與Azure AD上完善的稽核、第三方整合功能,才整合行動自然人憑證在Azure AD上。 > 講者:另外考慮到後續整合雲端零信任解決方案,完全自行開發會導致後續整合難度變大 問一下 那AD與第三方登入有甚麼差異? 差異在使用者資料是建在那邊。 是自己的系統 還是第三方 登入後使用者名稱是顯示你第三方的名字 還是系統建立的名字。 同盟驗證,轉到自己的驗證, 為什麼不是整套都自己做,而是還要先到微軟在轉? 沒有做自己的Oauth。所以他沒辦法驗證。。。 沒有出自己的公私鑰。沒辦法加解密。 > 講者:補充說明,在做身份驗證的時候,會使用到自然人憑證卡的公私鑰;行動自然人憑證APP則是透過WebAuthn(iOS鑰匙圈), Fido2 API(Android)做身份驗證,也會使用的手機內的公私鑰。 > 自然人憑證不算嗎? 原來重點是免費! (笑死) > 講者:Azure AD有分為免費版與付費版的P1, P2,數位部目前使用P1加強安全性 講者是不是開著共筆 > 感覺被問過很多次了 > 講者:演講的時候沒辦法看共筆QQ

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