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# 瞭解JavaScript 執行環境與堆疊 探討文章-[邁向JavaScript勇者之路-Day2](https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/users/20083608/ironman/1354) 認識專有名詞:1.執行環境 2.堆疊 1.執行環境 JavaScript總共會建立**兩種**執行環境 * 全域執行環境:打開網頁瀏覽器啟用後,在沒有打任何程式碼時,全域執行環境就會被建立,以網頁瀏覽器來說,創建的變數就是window,在console下查證,打上window變數就可以看到。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/CjcPawL.jpg) * 函式執行環境:在函式被執行時,會為每個函式建立各自的執行環境 範例:小明買票看電影 ``` let movie; let theater; function buyTicket(){ //買票的執行環境 movie='尚氣'; theater='A廳'; } function place(){ //影廳所在位置執行環境 return '本戲院'+theater; } function watch(){ //電影放映執行環境 return movie+'放映中!'; } buyTicket(); //執行:變數賦予值 console.log(place()+watch()); //結果:本戲院A廳尚氣放映中! ``` 範例:印出0~1 ``` function print(num) { //印出變數0~1執行環境 console.log('這是第'+num+'號'); } function num() { //創建0~1變數執行環境 for(let i=0;i<2;i++) { print(i); } } num();//執行 ``` 2.堆疊 有全域執行環境和函式執行環境的概念後,就可以建立推疊的觀念, 範例一堆疊概念: ![](https://i.imgur.com/aPfQKqP.jpg) 範例二堆疊概念: ![](https://i.imgur.com/RtSlkcC.jpg) 結論: 一開始會先進入全域執行環境,接下來再逐步 進入內層的環境,執行完的堆疊隨即就會被釋放掉,然後逐步地完成所有堆疊,最後將控制權交還給window 參考資料: 1.[秒懂!JavaSript 執行環境與堆疊](https://medium.com/%E9%AD%94%E9%AC%BC%E8%97%8F%E5%9C%A8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F%E7%B4%B0%E7%AF%80%E8%A3%A1/%E6%B7%BA%E8%AB%87-javascript-%E5%9F%B7%E8%A1%8C%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83-2976b3eaf248) 2.[JavaScript的執行堆疊](https://medium.com/@frank810618/javascript%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%B7%E8%A1%8C%E5%A0%86%E7%96%8A-8957aa6e13f7) 3.[JavaScript Weird Day 2— 全域執行環境與全域物件](https://medium.com/pvt5r486/javascript-weird-day-2-%E5%85%A8%E5%9F%9F%E5%9F%B7%E8%A1%8C%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E8%88%87%E5%85%A8%E5%9F%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BB%B6-428bc0d61085) 4.六角學院影片

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