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    [k8s] ingress resource ======= ###### tags: `kubernetes` ![](https://i.imgur.com/FqIno7m.png) :::info + manages external access to the services in a cluster, typically HTTP. + 可設定每一個endpoint的規則,以及對應的路徑,如果要有***basic-auth***或者是***TLS***,也是在這設定 ::: :::warning Ingress 本身並沒有提供負載平衡的功能,還需要透過 Ingress Controller 來實現。Ingress 目前主要支援兩種型別 ***GCE*** 與 ***Nginx***。 > 負載平衡(Load Balancing):以往我們可以透過外部的資源,像是 AWS ELB 來實現,將流量分配給不同的機器。而 Kubernetes 現在也提供了一個內部工具 Ingress Controller ,讓我們自己可以在 Kubernetes Cluster 中實現 Load Balancing 而無需透過外部資源。 ::: ![](https://i.imgur.com/R6T1KDX.jpg) # annotations `Ingress-Controller` 會去讀取 Ingress 的設定,然後來進行後續的動作。假想一個情況,系統內同時有多個 Ingress-Controller 的實現,使用者要==如何指派該 Ingress 要使用哪一個 Ingress-Controller 來使用?== 並由各個 Ingress-Controller 自行決定看到什麼樣的資訊來進行什麼處理。 此外,不同的 Ingress-Server 提供的功能與使用方式都不同,基本上 Ingress Resource ***很難有一個完美的介面來滿足所有的實現***,因此大部分的情況下,不同的 Ingress-Controller/Ingress-Server 都會要求使用者在 Annotation 的部分使用特定的字眼來描述額外的功能 ```yaml= metadata: annotations: kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: / ``` ```yaml= # 設定ingress的auth型態、對應的secret,auth-realm 其實就是瀏覽器會顯示給用戶的內容 metada: annotations: nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-type: basic nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-secret: basic-auth nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-realm: "Authentication Required - foo" ``` ## What is the rewrite-target ### if without `rewrite-target` `http://<ingress-service>:<ingress-port>/watch` --> `http://<watch-service>:<port>/watch` `http://<ingress-service>:<ingress-port>/wear` --> `http://<wear-service>:<port>/wear` ### example 1 > `replace("/path","/")` ```yaml= apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Ingress metadata: name: test-ingress namespace: critical-space annotations: nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: / spec: rules: - http: paths: - path: /pay backend: serviceName: pay-service servicePort: 8282 ``` ### example 2 (better one) ![image](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/Hk_X1DONa.png =500x) ```yaml= apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Ingress metadata: annotations: nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: /$2 name: rewrite namespace: default spec: rules: - host: rewrite.bar.com http: paths: - backend: serviceName: http-svc servicePort: 80 path: /something(/|$)(.*) ``` # best practices ## example 1: 將不同路徑的請求對應到不同的 Service 物件 ```yaml= apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 kind: Ingress metadata: annotations: nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: / nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/ssl-redirect: "false" name: ingress-wear-watch namespace: app-space spec: rules: - http: paths: - backend: service: name: wear-service port: number: 8080 path: /wear pathType: Prefix - backend: service: name: video-service port: number: 8080 path: /stream pathType: Prefix ``` ### how to create ```shell= kubectl create -f ./ingress-example-1.yaml kubectl get ing ``` ## example 2: 將不同 domain name 的請求對應到不同的 Service 物件 ```yaml= apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Ingress metadata: name: example-2 spec: rules: - host: helloworld-v1.example.com http: paths: - path: / backend: serviceName: hellworld-v1 servicePort: 80 - host: helloworld-v2.example.com http: paths: - path: / backend: serviceName: helloworld-v2 servicePort: 80 ``` + ***rules***: 代表這個 Ingress 的轉發規則 + ***host***: 設定可以連接到 Service 物件的網域名稱 + ***path***: 設定可以連接到 Service 物件的路徑名稱 + ***serviceName***: 設定欲連接到的 Service 名稱,這裡要填寫的就是 Service 中在 metadata 內寫上的 name + ***servicePort***: 設定要經由哪個 port 連接到 Service 物件 ## example 3:支援終止 SSL (SSL termination) ![](https://i.imgur.com/X0Pj8uG.png =400x) ```yaml= apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: ssh-secret namespace: default type: Opaque data: tls.crt: base64_encoded_cert tls.key: base64_encoded_key ``` ```yaml= apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: Ingress metadata: name: web namespace: whale annotations: kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/use-regex: "true" nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: / spec: tls: - hosts: - ar-remoteassist.ddns.net secretName: ssh-secret rules: - host: blue.demo.com http: paths: - path: / pathType: Prefix backend: service: name: blue-service port: number: 8080 ```

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