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    # PecuLab WEB3 LiveCoding (2022-03-31) 課程錄影:https://youtu.be/0rlY6WUtrAY ## DAPP 開發環境介紹與安裝 ### VS Code(Integrated Development Environment, IDE) https://code.visualstudio.com/ ### Node.js https://nodejs.org/en/ * 先安裝好後 才能執行npm等指令 ## 補充文件 ### openzeppelin(Smart Contract) https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/ * 智能合約的公版版本,安裝此套件就可以在寫智能合約時直接import套用 ![](https://i.imgur.com/VE7fe4Y.png) https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/wizard * 可以運用智能合約精靈產出合約程式碼 ### hardhat(Ethereum Development Environment) ![](https://i.imgur.com/RlR6taR.png) https://medium.com/my-blockchain-development-daily-journey/%E5%AE%8C%E6%95%B4%E7%9A%84hardhat%E5%AF%A6%E8%B8%90%E6%95%99%E7%A8%8B-a9b005aa4c12 #### Get started (建立環境):npx hardhat * Create a basic sample project (只做智能合約部屬 不做成網頁) Create an advanced sample project (產出.js 可以直接跟react合併) Create an advanced sample project that uses TypeScript (產出.ts 合併react較繁瑣) Create an empty hardhat.config.js * Folder contracts -> 透過hardhat部屬的智能合約(撰寫合約內容,有異動記得要npx hardhat compile) scripts -> 透過hardhat發布到區塊鏈的智能合約(發布合約) test -> 發布上區塊鏈即不能修改只能再發布,所以hardhat設置讓使用者在本機端(近端)測試,都沒問題再做最後的部署:要在hardhat.config.js進行環境設定,設定ETHERSCAN_API_KEY、URL_NAME及PRIVATE_KEY,真正的數值存在env檔案中,而與以太測試鏈串接是透過Alchemy取得API URL * 在本機端(近端)測試: * 把近端區塊鏈開啟 npx hardhat node * Matamask新增測試網路(localhost 8545)及測試錢包 * 把智能合約發佈到localhost: * npx hardhat run --network localhost scripts/deploy.js * 若沒問題(產生合約地址)就可以把合約發佈到Rinkby測試環境: * npx hardhat run --network rinkeby scripts/deploy.js ![](https://i.imgur.com/Pl8CYE8.png) #### Stack Overflow * 出現錯誤訊息可參考 ### react(JavaScript Framework) https://create-react-app.dev/docs/getting-started *webpack 5.71.0 compiled successfully in 7039 ms 完成訊息。 ### npm(Node Package Manager) https://www.npmjs.com/package/hardhat *npx hardhat compile後,欠缺的套件在這裡尋找。例:Error: Cannot find module '@nomiclabs/hardhat-waffle' * 開源指令會不斷變動,不要死記硬背,要學會看錯誤訊息和查找正確資訊 ## DAPP ![](https://i.imgur.com/sae1deY.png) https://dev.to/yakult/a-tutorial-build-dapp-with-hardhat-react-and-ethersjs-1gmi * 分散式計算中,遠端程式呼叫(Remote Procedure Call, RPC) * 連接以太坊網路(Provider) ### MetaMask ### faucets https://faucets.chain.link/rinkeby ### Etherscan API https://etherscan.io/ ### Alchemy #### (設定API KEY 並拿到串接乙太鏈的API Url) https://www.alchemy.com/ ![](https://i.imgur.com/u3HXFQY.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/wzG613n.png) ![](https://i.imgur.com/exm7Mms.png) --- ### env設定 * 此為重要KEY要保管好,申請好後複製填入 ![](https://i.imgur.com/FzfRJZH.png) * PRIVATE_KEY: * 在錢包-帳戶詳情-導出私鑰 ![](https://i.imgur.com/sTOMpqx.png) --- ### Deploy to localhost & rinkeby * npx hardhat run --network localhost scripts/deploy.js * npx hardhat run --network rinkeby scripts/deploy.js * 先發佈到localhost,沒問題再發佈到rinkeby * 發佈到rinkeby也是一種交易,所以帳戶也要有錢才行,沒錢會出現錯誤訊息(insufficient funds for intrinsic transaction cost),可透過於metamask上換至Goerli鏈並領取測試幣得到解決。 * 沒"錢"(GAS)的話就慢慢等,就會有GAS可以匯款。 * 獲得rinkeby測試幣:https://faucets.chain.link/rinkeby * rinkeby已經被deprecated,可改採用Goerli進行測試,獲取測試幣的參考:https://hackmd.io/@m061i6/HJQQ4G5-j#%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%952-Alchemy-faucets * .env檔與hardhat.config 在同一個路徑下。 * 把rinkeby測試鏈上帳戶導出私鑰,貼到.env檔中,以確認匯款給發布者。 * env檔像這樣:![](https://i.imgur.com/ERFGPGQ.png) --- ### 智能合約(sol)有異動要記得compile,會產生artifacts資料夾 * 將生成合約.json,複製到前端專案資料夾(front or myweb3)-src-contracts * contract-address.json中,要補上測試鏈上的合約地址 --- ### 歡迎來 PecuLab 觀光 https://discord.gg/GvKPay6m6t*

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