Google News Lab 共筆
======

# Day 1

## Decoding the online news consumer

The point is to understanding your consummer. But how?

We should declare the social role of news first: civic duty, interests, aspirations.

There are 5 things about consumers,
1. I want your help to "keep up". News organization should answer user why this important for reader to be awared. The urgent from readers in certian example region: India 72%, Indonisia 76%, Japan 36%

2. I read news online for speed & ease. India 84%, Indonisia 73%, japan 56%. Most interviewees respond this is the fastest way and most convinient way to acess news.
* Plus, PPL can't wait even for 5 mins taxi arrival.

3. I consume news on many platform. Amount that differnt contires acess? India 6, Indonisa 5, Japan 3

4. I like different "format" for breakfast, lunch and dinner. eg, Article for breakfast, social media for lunch, video for dinner. Be sure to provid user "Quick and Concise" accessibility.

5. For breaking news I want to more vidoe. Cause reader want to "see" waht's going-on on site. In Idia is #1 format, In Indonisa is #3, in Jaoan is #2.

## The Future of News Media and Chat: A Korean Case Study
> Andrew from Institute for the Future

#### 1. 對南韓 Kakao talks 的 users 做 focused group，裡頭大多數為新聞系學生
“找尋 chat apps 與新聞室間的結合點”

研究基本假設（hypothesis）

Hypothesis 1: chat app repesent a growing proportion of information and news consumption
Hypothesis 2: APAC represent the tip of the spear for chat app adoption and use.
Question: What's unique about how APAC cpmmnities are using chat apps?
Question: How can newsroom better leverage chat apps to conduct reporting, monetize, and grow their distribution and audience?

Leading-Edge Behaviors:
1. What are the affordance of chat apps?
2. How are they cureently being leveraged for news creation, consumption, sharing?
3. What's missing from news and chat apps today, and what are future possibility?
4. What's news today, and what will it be int he future?

Methology:
"We don't live in Korea, we live in Kakao Talk."
Conducted in-depth interviews with: 9 experts and 8 users
Conducted focus groups with: 6 students, 21 young journalists
Profile: young, journalism student, online.

#### 2. Chat Apps Drive Newsroom Decentralization
- editor and jurnalist usin chat app to asign work, engage with source
- 4 hours per day for journlist
- Allow for continuous, rapid development of research and stories.

The insight of this phenomenon:
- chat apps are ensuring accountability and increading efficiency and transparency.
- it offer capacity for trusted third parties to ensure accuracy with convienience & speed.
- In the future, chat apps will enable to dirstributed news sourcing, verification, creation and decision making.
- Important: Because nearly everyone is on chat, citizen journalists are becoming part of the distributed new making process (QUESTION: partly transit from social media platform or just another platform to keep in touch with ppl? )

#### 3. Observation: do chat-first news design
- Tend to consume trending news on social media
- Not perceived as a place to actively seek traditional form of news direcetly from newsrooms.
- News consumed through chat tend to be screenshotsof articles and links, people often ask for sum.
- emojis and stickers aren't currently tapping into.

Action to try:
- Provide Key Point for user's need.
- change the one-sided content format in to a chatable style.
- There is frustration that nnewsroom are not adupting "hard news" to evolving consumption pattern.

#### 4. Critical to optimize news for shreability
- Lack of easily consumed news lead to less sharing on chat app
- Sharing is often done through summaries rather than forms and medias created by newsroom.
- Fake news are shared typically by older generation
- People concerened about privacy and reputation which often make them hold back from sharing informaiton on open chat channel
- Users are becoming synthesizers because they need to summarize news ratherthan share links

#### 5. Insights for newsroom
- Chat apps are enabling journalists to get closer with their colleagus, competitions, readers and their work
- Users still want quality, credible information, but it has to accessibl from a chat-first perspective
- chat-app may become a new communicaion inferstruture for newsroom
- MoNetization would largely occur in the peripheral economies surronding chat-apps.

#### 6. Innovation indicators
Beside communication purpose that people use chat app, which industry we would see it been applied? Where are R&D should focus on? How fast is the intellectual property growing? What does it means for the future of chat apps and newsroom?

Research:
Bese on the research that analyzed 2266 patents from the top 10 chap apps to see how innovation in unfolding.

52 focus areas been indentified.

Key find-out
1. IP filings grow rapidly.
2. In finacial service, banking and payments grow focus for chat app
3. In Commerce, commerce between business and users increasingly important.
4. Virtual assistant increasingly important in search, recommandation content and general functionality inside message and groups.

#### chatrooms for virtual press conference
- 政府可以在 chat apps 發布新聞稿
- 雙向溝通：記者可以線上提問，政府回答
- Transparency：no more 10 ppl asking the same questions
- Offers capacity for trusted third parties (fact-checkers) inside chat rooms.

Kakao -- feel more intimate becuase it's not open, compared to Facebook and Twitter

When users post links in chat apps, they feel they need to summarize the news for the audiences, instead of just share a link.

Users feel the need for "Spam folder" to let them know if this is true

#### Insights for Newsrooms

- Chat apps are enabling journalists to get closer to their colleagues, competition, readers, and their work.
- Users still want quality, credible information, but it has to be accessible form a chat-first perspective.
- With the integration of new innovations, chat app may become the new commuunication infrastructure for newsroom.
- Virtual assistants could play a vital role in adoption of this
- Monetization will largely occur in the peripheral economies surrounding chat apps- focus on these areas.

## How Google fosters innovation in media around the world

### Promoting quality, accountable journalism
1. fact-check function in Google news
2. Update search quality rating guildline for it easier to flag misleading or unapproprate content.
3. Renew ADs system to prevent misleading content generate profit from google. 1.7 billion ad been took down since they violated the policies.
4. Industry engagament. Trust project.

### Reaching and engaging audiences wherever they are(3:42)
1. PWA system
2. case: Forbes rebuilt it mobile website as a PWA

### Diversify revenue growth

### Laveraging data & infrastructure for greater impact and efficiency

### Explore the innovative ways to report and tell stories

### Building the culture of innovation

## [Case Sharing] From Bioscience to Data Science: 8 Weeks in a Newsroom - Australia

## [Case Sharing] Campaign Shopping Mall - South Korea

## Google's Approach to AI/Machine Learning

## Projects and Service to Support Journalist from Google

Project Shield
Perspective API
Flourish
Tango

## Insignts into APAC, part2. Reuters Institute

美國、英國、德國：使用 social media 作為新聞閱讀來源，2017 年趨勢反轉

可能是因為 messaging app

##### Messaging apps for news

South Korea - Kakao Talks 39%
Taiwan - LINE 45%

##### Full report

http://www.digitalnewsreport.org/

# Day 2

## Fact-checking in Asia

Video:
https://photos.app.goo.gl/tN0kqzKjZ5Q4jFhU2

# Day3

## Day 3: Fact-Cheking Cases around Asia
### @SMHoaxSlayer
http://smhoaxslayer.com/
- 工作之餘做的
- 像是蘭姆酒吐司、這是假訊息、MYGOPEN ⋯⋯ etc
- 15,000 PV/day, clicks from subscribed facebook and websites (blogs)
- 有嘗試 whatsapp (印度用最多)，但當 100 多人加入後，因為收到太多早安晚安訊息所以放棄了
- suffers SEO problem (即使他其實有經營很多網站 + 自動發文) because clickbaits ranks higher, google is constantly looking at it.

"social media hoax slayer" TEDx talks available
Nobody want to know the truth!

Tell the people that you are responsible, because hoax kills human when rumors forwarded to many.

### Tempo.co (Koran Tempo, Indonesia)

- 平面媒體跨足數位
- 曾經被官方 banned in around 1998
- Revenue: subscriptions, for contents behind the paywall
- 2016 started fact-checking initialtives

[Tempo 自己也變成謠言利用的對象](https://nasional.tempo.co/read/news/2017/02/13/063846113/beredar-headline-sampul-koran-tempo-palsu)
Users use the title but replace the content to make misinformation look credible!
> 沒有找到兇手

2017 選舉季計畫：Tempo.co Pilkada 2017 - politifacts in Indonesia

Limited coverage, will leverage chat
Politic is tosic, will be more conservative, if rated more fake for one candidate they may be some trouble for them

- Q: How to disintencive people in sharing fake news? 宣導
- Q: How the candidate reacts to the fact check? A: They admitted that it's wrong. Another candidate revealed that they have their own fact-checking team.

### Mafindo (turn back hoax)
> Presenter: Cairo, volunteer in Singapore

- Lots of people report false article in Facebook. Facebook group really has the capapcity to collaborative. (讚許 FB group 很好用)
- 管版撇步分享：**Lock the thread** when conclusion is reached
- Use GCE datastore and one website (data.turnbackhoax.id), one source to put everything
- Search
- terbaru: new
- teroupuler: popular
- terakif: # of comments
- Laporkan hoax(red button): report hoax, but need to login
- Cari Hoax: Search
- Categorized: Tautan: website, Pesan Beru: messaging, XXX: Picture
- articles need screenshot
- like & dislike
- domains
- chrome extension: How many fake article are from each domain
- Now no dedup mechanism, but will get full-time to dedup facebook, whatapp and website contents. Now they use google to collect similar articles in DB
- Need full-timer to fact-check and lock so no-one can comment
- Q: How to move from facebook comments? A: Facebook posts are structured. Admin would initate API that put the article into put inside website. FB comments are collected and filled in webstie by full-timers.
- Hotline: inserts into DB, full-timer fill in the facts.
- Have IT Group, Fake-news group, ... 3~4 groups
- Mafindo compiles from different FB groups, like [FAFHH](https://www.facebook.com/groups/fafhh/), [indonesia hoaxes](https://www.facebook.com/TurnBackHoax/), etc, all of them colelcted in Mafindo database.

- Q: How do you moltivate the volunteers?
1. 貼近闢謠者使用習慣：Facebook gruop. Do collect work on Facebook, instead of make them to answer in a website.
2. 國家有內憂外患：election, 軍閥問題，大家都會關心。
3. 自身是 Open 的，大家都能加入。
4. well educated young people 自己會有 strenghen community 的動力。

### Fact-check tag (Tech session)

- `sameAs` field in author of CreativeWork (misinformation) --> number of hosting the "claim", helps google connect claim and review
- `Author`'s `name` can be "internet", even snopes do that. "sameAs" is not required when no URLs there.
- Not design for exchange place (like Cofacts) or aggregation, because fact check is done from others. Needs more off-line discussion.
- Cross-reference between fact-checkers: Snopes and they are doing the same fact-check, and we are aggregating existing stuff -- Google is still discussing.

Aggregated list: instead of crawling, can contact google because some institutes has database of all these structured data.

#### [ShareTheFacts.org](http://www.sharethefacts.org/about/)

1-man project from Chris in duke university.

Inputs structured data, generates schema.org markups.

Input interface:

Terminologies are different because
- statement = claimReviewd
- Speaker = itermReviewed/author
- Speaker's title = used by widget, not schema
- URL of Speaker = used by widget, not schema
- Custom Rating Text = reviewRating/alternateName

It outputs snippets to share like:


- Puts in a shared database
- Generates images

- Q: What if the fake news site implements the same schema?
- A: Solution 1- Closed system - google does not want that. Google keeps it open. Haven't seen this yet. Have some mechanism to catch these deliberate behaviors, like feedback buttons.

## Day 3: Fact-Cheking Tools from First Draft
[Plenty of resource here by First Draft](https://firstdraftnews.com/resources/)

Chcek Resource
Check Links & Words
Check Images
Check Videos