Eric Tu
    • Create new note
    • Create a note from template
      • Sharing URL Link copied
      • /edit
      • View mode
        • Edit mode
        • View mode
        • Book mode
        • Slide mode
        Edit mode View mode Book mode Slide mode
      • Customize slides
      • Note Permission
      • Read
        • Only me
        • Signed-in users
        • Everyone
        Only me Signed-in users Everyone
      • Write
        • Only me
        • Signed-in users
        • Everyone
        Only me Signed-in users Everyone
      • Engagement control Commenting, Suggest edit, Emoji Reply
      • Invitee
    • Publish Note

      Share your work with the world Congratulations! 🎉 Your note is out in the world Publish Note

      Your note will be visible on your profile and discoverable by anyone.
      Your note is now live.
      This note is visible on your profile and discoverable online.
      Everyone on the web can find and read all notes of this public team.
      See published notes
      Unpublish note
      Please check the box to agree to the Community Guidelines.
      View profile
    • Commenting
      Permission
      Disabled Forbidden Owners Signed-in users Everyone
    • Enable
    • Permission
      • Forbidden
      • Owners
      • Signed-in users
      • Everyone
    • Suggest edit
      Permission
      Disabled Forbidden Owners Signed-in users Everyone
    • Enable
    • Permission
      • Forbidden
      • Owners
      • Signed-in users
    • Emoji Reply
    • Enable
    • Versions and GitHub Sync
    • Note settings
    • Engagement control
    • Transfer ownership
    • Delete this note
    • Save as template
    • Insert from template
    • Import from
      • Dropbox
      • Google Drive
      • Gist
      • Clipboard
    • Export to
      • Dropbox
      • Google Drive
      • Gist
    • Download
      • Markdown
      • HTML
      • Raw HTML
Menu Note settings Sharing URL Create Help
Create Create new note Create a note from template
Menu
Options
Versions and GitHub Sync Engagement control Transfer ownership Delete this note
Import from
Dropbox Google Drive Gist Clipboard
Export to
Dropbox Google Drive Gist
Download
Markdown HTML Raw HTML
Back
Sharing URL Link copied
/edit
View mode
  • Edit mode
  • View mode
  • Book mode
  • Slide mode
Edit mode View mode Book mode Slide mode
Customize slides
Note Permission
Read
Only me
  • Only me
  • Signed-in users
  • Everyone
Only me Signed-in users Everyone
Write
Only me
  • Only me
  • Signed-in users
  • Everyone
Only me Signed-in users Everyone
Engagement control Commenting, Suggest edit, Emoji Reply
Invitee
Publish Note

Share your work with the world Congratulations! 🎉 Your note is out in the world Publish Note

Your note will be visible on your profile and discoverable by anyone.
Your note is now live.
This note is visible on your profile and discoverable online.
Everyone on the web can find and read all notes of this public team.
See published notes
Unpublish note
Please check the box to agree to the Community Guidelines.
View profile
Engagement control
Commenting
Permission
Disabled Forbidden Owners Signed-in users Everyone
Enable
Permission
  • Forbidden
  • Owners
  • Signed-in users
  • Everyone
Suggest edit
Permission
Disabled Forbidden Owners Signed-in users Everyone
Enable
Permission
  • Forbidden
  • Owners
  • Signed-in users
Emoji Reply
Enable
Import from Dropbox Google Drive Gist Clipboard
   owned this note    owned this note      
Published Linked with GitHub
Subscribed
  • Any changes
    Be notified of any changes
  • Mention me
    Be notified of mention me
  • Unsubscribe
Subscribe
PHP + MYSQL + NGINX + LINUX === ###### tags: `PHP` `Linux` `centOS` `Nginx` `MySQL` === # 系統資訊 查一下版本資訊,使用 ``` cat /etc/os-release``` ```bash= [root@localhost tmp]# cat /etc/os-release NAME="CentOS Linux" VERSION="7 (Core)" ID="centos" ID_LIKE="rhel fedora" VERSION_ID="7" PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)" ANSI_COLOR="0;31" CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7" HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/" CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7" CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7" REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos" REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7" ``` # 安裝NGINX ```bash= [root@localhost tmp]# sudo yum install nginx Loaded plugins: fastestmirror base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.cuhk.edu.hk * extras: ftp.cuhk.edu.hk * updates: ftp.cuhk.edu.hk No package nginx available. Error: Nothing to do ``` [Sol.](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27244511/no-package-nginx-available-error-centos-6-5) 要先安裝 EPEL repo 才抓的到 ```bash= yum install epel-release ``` 成功了!檢查看看NGINX狀態 ```bash= service nginx start service nginx status ``` 設定為開機時自動啟動 ```bash= [root@localhost tmp]# sudo systemctl enable nginx ```` *--------------下面這段不重要-------------* 在沒有圖形介面下 可以用 traceroute 或 links 或 wget 之類的來 檢查loacal host 之後會補上利用DNS 讓外部可以直接連到VM中的localhost 的設定方法 ```bash= yum install traceroute ``` # 安裝PHP ```bash= [root@localhost nginx]# yum -y install php ``` 成功! ```bash= [root@localhost nginx]# php -v PHP 5.4.16 (cli) (built: Nov 6 2016 00:29:02) Copyright (c) 1997-2013 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2013 Zend Technologies [root@localhost nginx]# nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.10.2 ``` # 安裝 MYSQL ```bash= yum update ``` ```bash= sudo rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el6-n.noarch.rpm ``` 找不到? ```bash= yum install wget ``` ```bash= wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm ``` 找到了!抓下來... 安裝 ```bash= yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm ``` 確定已經裝好了 ```bash= yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*" ``` 安裝發行版... ```bash= yum install mysql-community-server ``` 啟動 ```bash= [root@localhost nginx]# service mysqld start ``` 確認狀態 ```bash= [root@localhost nginx]# service mysqld status Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 三 2017-05-03 13:55:19 CST; 1min 32s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 55481 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 55407 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 55484 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─55484 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 5月 03 13:55:13 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... 5月 03 13:55:19 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server. ``` PHP + MYSQL + NGINX 版本資訊 ```bash= [root@localhost nginx]# php -v; mysql -V; nginx -v PHP 5.4.16 (cli) (built: Nov 6 2016 00:29:02) Copyright (c) 1997-2013 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2013 Zend Technologies mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.18, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper nginx version: nginx/1.10.2 ``` [MYSQL版本更新](http://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/questions/10086439) https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-linux-nginx-mysql-php-lemp-stack-on-ubuntu-12-04 # php-fpm ***好像不用安裝了 後面版本有內建 不過設定還是要做*** ```bash= yum install php-fpm php-mysql ``` 查看 php-fpm 的啟動設定 ```bash= [root@localhost nginx]# systemctl list-unit-files | grep php-fpm php-fpm.service disabled ``` 改成開機啟動 ```bash= [root@localhost nginx]# systemctl enable php-fpm Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/php-fpm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service. ``` 啟動然後檢查 ```bash= [root@localhost nginx]# systemctl start php-fpm [root@localhost nginx]# systemctl status php-fpm ● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 三 2017-05-03 14:18:30 CST; 9s ago Main PID: 55678 (php-fpm) Status: "Ready to handle connections" CGroup: /system.slice/php-fpm.service ├─55678 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php-fpm.conf) ├─55679 php-fpm: pool www ├─55680 php-fpm: pool www ├─55681 php-fpm: pool www ├─55682 php-fpm: pool www └─55683 php-fpm: pool www 5月 03 14:18:30 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The PHP FastCGI Process Man.... 5月 03 14:18:30 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The PHP FastCGI Process Manager. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full. ``` 編輯 ```bash= vim /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini ``` 找到這一行改成 0 ```bash= cgi.fix_pathinfo=0 ``` [how-to-install-linux-nginx-mysql-php-lemp-stack](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-linux-nginx-mysql-php-lemp-stack-on-ubuntu-12-04) ```bash= vim /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php ``` ```php= <?php phpinfo(); ?> ``` ```bash= sudo service nginx restart ``` ```bash= wget http://127.0.0.1/info.php ``` ```bash= [root@localhost html]# wget http://127.0.0.1/info.php --2017-05-03 18:08:16-- http://127.0.0.1/info.php 正在連接 127.0.0.1:80... 連上了。 已送出 HTTP 要求,正在等候回應... 200 OK 長度: 21 [application/octet-stream] Saving to: ‘info.php.1’ 100%[==================================================>] 21 --.-K/s in 0s 2017-05-03 18:08:16 (1.26 MB/s) - ‘info.php.1’ saved [21/21] ``` # NGINX 設定 ### 純文字瀏覽器 在終端機下面要看到網頁結果怎麼辦 上網查一下還真的有終端機下的瀏覽器 Installation of Lynx and Links https://www.tecmint.com/command-line-web-browsers/ ```bash= links http:127.0.0.1 或是 lynx http:/127.0.0.1 ``` 不過這不是長久辦法 前輩看到我用termianl開網頁都快QQ惹 教我一招方便的方法可以直接讓外部連進VM上的server 首先先搞清楚PHP NGINX 的關係 NGINX 原本只能代理HTML,為了讓他能夠解析.php結尾的檔名, 必須使用php-fpm來讓nginx認識 php-fpm 系蝦咪挖溝 全名是 FastCGI Process Manager FastCGI https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/FastCGI ``` 快速通用閘道器介面(Fast Common Gateway Interface/FastCGI)是一種讓互動程式與Web伺服器通訊的協定。FastCGI是早期通用閘道器介面(CGI)的增強版本。 FastCGI致力於減少網頁伺服器與CGI程式之間互動的開銷,從而使伺服器可以同時處理更多的網頁請求。 歷史 CGI使外部程式與Web伺服器之間互動成為可能。CGI程式運行在獨立的進程中,並對每個Web請求建立一個進程,這種方法非常容易實現,但效率很差,難以擴展。面對大量請求,進程的大量建立和消亡使操作系統效能大大下降。此外,由於位址空間無法共享,也限制了資源重用。 實現 與為每個請求建立一個新的行程不同,FastCGI使用持續的行程來處理一連串的請求。這些行程由FastCGI伺服器管理,而不是web伺服器。 當進來一個請求時,web伺服器把環境變數和這個頁面請求通過一個socket比如FastCGI行程與web伺服器(都位於本地)或者一個TCP connection(FastCGI行程在遠端的server farm)傳遞給FastCGI行程。 ``` 這篇有說明他們的關係 https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000004854045 ``` Nginx和PHP-FPM的进程间通信有两种方式,一种是TCP,一种是UNIX Domain Socket. 其中TCP是IP加端口,可以跨服务器.而UNIX Domain Socket不经过网络,只能用于Nginx跟PHP-FPM都在同一服务器的场景.用哪种取决于你的PHP-FPM配置: 方式1: php-fpm.conf: listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 nginx.conf: fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; 方式2: php-fpm.conf: listen = /tmp/php-fpm.sock nginx.conf: fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fpm.sock; 其中php-fpm.sock是一个文件,由php-fpm生成,类型是srw-rw----. UNIX Domain Socket可用于两个没有亲缘关系的进程,是目前广泛使用的IPC机制,比如X Window服务器和GUI程序之间就是通过UNIX Domain Socket通讯的.这种通信方式是发生在系统内核里而不会在网络里传播.UNIX Domain Socket和长连接都能避免频繁创建TCP短连接而导致TIME_WAIT连接过多的问题.对于进程间通讯的两个程序,UNIX Domain Socket的流程不会走到TCP那层,直接以文件形式,以stream socket通讯.如果是TCP Socket,则需要走到IP层,对于非同一台服务器上,TCP Socket走的就更多了. UNIX Domain Socket: Nginx <=> socket <=> PHP-FPM TCP Socket(本地回环): Nginx <=> socket <=> TCP/IP <=> socket <=> PHP-FPM TCP Socket(Nginx和PHP-FPM位于不同服务器): Nginx <=> socket <=> TCP/IP <=> 物理层 <=> 路由器 <=> 物理层 <=> TCP/IP <=> socket <=> PHP-FPM 像mysql命令行客户端连接mysqld服务也类似有这两种方式: 使用Unix Socket连接(默认): mysql -uroot -p --protocol=socket --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock 使用TCP连接: mysql -uroot -p --protocol=tcp --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3306 ``` 了解關係之後可以來編輯設定檔 檔案位置在 ***/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf*** ``` server { #原本的 #server_name example.toright.com; #改成想要的名子 server_name test123; #去哪邊找文件 root /usr/share/nginx/html; # "/" 這個路徑預設讀那些檔案 index index.html index.php index.htmi index.php; #設定放LOG檔的地方 access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; # set expiration of assets to MAX for caching location ~* \.(ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png|ogg|ogv|svg|svgz|eot|otf|woff)(\?.+)?$ { expires max; log_not_found off; } server_tokens off; # framework rewrite location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php; } location ~* \.php$ { # 改成透過 127.0.0.1:9000 連線 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$; include fastcgi_params; #$document_root 就是上面設定的server root fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } } ``` --- 再來到 windows 做連到VM的設定 先打開 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\ 編輯host檔,加上對應的DNS設定,填上VM上主機的IP 跟我們設定的NGINX SERVER NAME ``` # Copyright (c) 1993-2009 Microsoft Corp. # # This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows. # # This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each # entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should # be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name. # The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one # space. # # Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual # lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol. # # For example: # # 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source server # 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x client host # localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself. # 127.0.0.1 localhost # ::1 localhost 192.168.109.128 test123 ``` 再來就可以在window上打開瀏覽器連到 http://test123 就可以看見nginx的index了。 *甚麼是DNS* *http://dns-learning.twnic.net.tw/dns/03opDNS.html DNS分為Client和Server,Client扮演發問的角色,也就是問Server 一個Domain Name,而Server必須要回答此Domain Name的真正IP地址。而當地的DNS先會查自己的資料庫。如果自己的資料庫沒有,則會往該DNS上所設的的DNS尋問,依此得到答案之後,將收到的答案存起來,並回達客戶。真正DNS的運作:有兩種詢問方法,Recursive和Iterative兩種。前面是由DNS代理去問,問的方法是用Iterative方式,後者是由本機直接做Iterative式的詢問。* --- 原本conf.d/default.conf 的設定下去跑 會遇到 [ERROR] php-fpm doesn't create .sock file var/run/php-fpm/ http://stackoverflow.com/questions/35367676/php-fpm-doesnt-create-sock-file 更改 etc/nginx/conf.d 將原本的 var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock; 改成 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; *Edit: The real solution here is that the listen in www.conf and fastcgi_pass in nginx configuration have to match. Whether you use sockets or tcp is up to you.* *The answer was to not use a .sock file at all. in /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf it has listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 so in my nginx config I put fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; instead of using something like fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;* --- 一些指令,用久就背起來了 ``` Stop PHP FPM command: service php-fpm stop Start PHP FPM command: service nginx start Restart PHP FPM command: service php-fpm restart Reload PHP FPM command: service php-fpm reload ``` --- Nginx 相關檔案位置: 所有設定檔:/etc/nginx/ 主要設定檔:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 預設設定檔:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 程序設定檔:/usr/sbin/nginx log 檔:/var/log/nginx/ html: /usr/share/nginx/html --- --- Windows 如何清除暫存的 DNS Cache 發表於 2010 年 12 月 16 日 由 Tsung 只要是查詢過的 DNS, 都會暫存一段時間, 於 Windows 要清掉 DNS Cache, 要如何清除? 於 Windows 要清掉 DNS Cache 方法1 執行 cmd ipconfig /flushdns 看到此行字即完成: successfully flushed the dns resolver cache 方法2 控制台 -> 管理工具 -> 服務 重新啟動 DNS Client 和 DHCP Client 服務即可. https://blog.longwin.com.tw/2010/12/windows-clear-dns-cache-2010/ ---

Import from clipboard

Paste your markdown or webpage here...

Advanced permission required

Your current role can only read. Ask the system administrator to acquire write and comment permission.

This team is disabled

Sorry, this team is disabled. You can't edit this note.

This note is locked

Sorry, only owner can edit this note.

Reach the limit

Sorry, you've reached the max length this note can be.
Please reduce the content or divide it to more notes, thank you!

Import from Gist

Import from Snippet

or

Export to Snippet

Are you sure?

Do you really want to delete this note?
All users will lose their connection.

Create a note from template

Create a note from template

Oops...
This template has been removed or transferred.
Upgrade
All
  • All
  • Team
No template.

Create a template

Upgrade

Delete template

Do you really want to delete this template?
Turn this template into a regular note and keep its content, versions, and comments.

This page need refresh

You have an incompatible client version.
Refresh to update.
New version available!
See releases notes here
Refresh to enjoy new features.
Your user state has changed.
Refresh to load new user state.

Sign in

Forgot password

or

By clicking below, you agree to our terms of service.

Sign in via Facebook Sign in via Twitter Sign in via GitHub Sign in via Dropbox Sign in with Wallet
Wallet ( )
Connect another wallet

New to HackMD? Sign up

Help

  • English
  • 中文
  • Français
  • Deutsch
  • 日本語
  • Español
  • Català
  • Ελληνικά
  • Português
  • italiano
  • Türkçe
  • Русский
  • Nederlands
  • hrvatski jezik
  • język polski
  • Українська
  • हिन्दी
  • svenska
  • Esperanto
  • dansk

Documents

Help & Tutorial

How to use Book mode

Slide Example

API Docs

Edit in VSCode

Install browser extension

Contacts

Feedback

Discord

Send us email

Resources

Releases

Pricing

Blog

Policy

Terms

Privacy

Cheatsheet

Syntax Example Reference
# Header Header 基本排版
- Unordered List
  • Unordered List
1. Ordered List
  1. Ordered List
- [ ] Todo List
  • Todo List
> Blockquote
Blockquote
**Bold font** Bold font
*Italics font* Italics font
~~Strikethrough~~ Strikethrough
19^th^ 19th
H~2~O H2O
++Inserted text++ Inserted text
==Marked text== Marked text
[link text](https:// "title") Link
![image alt](https:// "title") Image
`Code` Code 在筆記中貼入程式碼
```javascript
var i = 0;
```
var i = 0;
:smile: :smile: Emoji list
{%youtube youtube_id %} Externals
$L^aT_eX$ LaTeX
:::info
This is a alert area.
:::

This is a alert area.

Versions and GitHub Sync
Get Full History Access

  • Edit version name
  • Delete

revision author avatar     named on  

More Less

Note content is identical to the latest version.
Compare
    Choose a version
    No search result
    Version not found
Sign in to link this note to GitHub
Learn more
This note is not linked with GitHub
 

Feedback

Submission failed, please try again

Thanks for your support.

On a scale of 0-10, how likely is it that you would recommend HackMD to your friends, family or business associates?

Please give us some advice and help us improve HackMD.

 

Thanks for your feedback

Remove version name

Do you want to remove this version name and description?

Transfer ownership

Transfer to
    Warning: is a public team. If you transfer note to this team, everyone on the web can find and read this note.

      Link with GitHub

      Please authorize HackMD on GitHub
      • Please sign in to GitHub and install the HackMD app on your GitHub repo.
      • HackMD links with GitHub through a GitHub App. You can choose which repo to install our App.
      Learn more  Sign in to GitHub

      Push the note to GitHub Push to GitHub Pull a file from GitHub

        Authorize again
       

      Choose which file to push to

      Select repo
      Refresh Authorize more repos
      Select branch
      Select file
      Select branch
      Choose version(s) to push
      • Save a new version and push
      • Choose from existing versions
      Include title and tags
      Available push count

      Pull from GitHub

       
      File from GitHub
      File from HackMD

      GitHub Link Settings

      File linked

      Linked by
      File path
      Last synced branch
      Available push count

      Danger Zone

      Unlink
      You will no longer receive notification when GitHub file changes after unlink.

      Syncing

      Push failed

      Push successfully