Murphy Tsai
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    # [javasrcipt] Summernote 所見即所得編輯器達成圖片上傳 當使用者在後台管理商品資料的時候,必須用到編輯器讓使用者輸入資料,當然也少不了常常跟編輯期搭配使用的圖片上傳,這邊選用Shrine跟Summernote來當作例子,講解前端如何發起上傳圖片的request將圖片上傳到後端。 解釋一下:**Shrine** 是Rails 裡面一套圖片上傳的套件,而**Summernote** 是一套歷久彌新而且非常好用的所見即所得編輯器,你應該會常常在各大開源專案看到他的影子。 今天重點會著重在前端圖片上傳到後端,並回傳圖片位址的流程,在後端功能的實作上不會有有太詳細的解說。 Summernote 文件:https://summernote.org/ Shrine 文件:https://github.com/shrinerb/shrine ### OUTLINE 1. HTML編輯器功能說明 2. 圖片上傳流程解析 3. 實際程式碼 ### HTML編輯器功能說明: HTML編輯器的介面其實長得很像Word,有各種按鈕讓你設定跟編輯文字的外觀。只不過你在Web使用編輯器的時候,實際上是在編輯他的***Css Style***,去改變文字大小、顏色等外觀。 ![](https://i.imgur.com/JDXcKoE.png) Summernote 使用上非常容易,搭配jquery的selector就可以很快成功有一個編輯器介面可以用: ``` html <div id="summernote"></div> ``` ``` js $('#summernote').summernote(); ``` ### 圖片上傳流程解析: 要能夠在編輯器裡面上傳並插入圖片,大致上有兩個關鍵步驟: 1. 使用者選擇要上傳的圖片 2. 上傳完畢,拿回圖片網址,並將圖片插入目前游標位置 我們可以看到在上述編輯器裡面有個圖片上傳按鈕,以Web以及Javascript的角度來思考的話,**點擊該按鈕應該會有一個callback**,就算沒有我們也可以自己實作一個,不過既然Summernote預設就有這個按鈕,我猜想應該會有一個點擊上傳圖片後的hook,可以自己寫callback來決定使用者選擇圖片後,要做什麼動作。 果不其然在官方文件被我找到這個 onImageUpload 的hook: ![](https://i.imgur.com/eYl0rcl.png) 在callback參數裡面可以拿到使用者選擇的檔案,只要在這個callback裡面利用ajax進行圖檔上傳的動作,就可以順利上傳了,甚至在文件裡還有提供插入圖片到游標位置的方法: ```js // upload image to server and create imgNode... $summernote.summernote('insertNode', imgNode); ``` 既然有了方法,就可以整理一下圖片上傳的流程: ``` flow st=>start: Summernote選擇圖片 cb=>start: 圖片透過ajax上傳 saveImg=>start: 圖片儲存至Server(或cdn) saveInfo=>start: 儲存圖片相關資料至資料庫 getInfo=>start: 拿回圖片位址並回傳(從資料庫或cdn callback) insertImg=>end: 將拿回圖片位址放入<img/>並插入編輯器游標位置 st->cb->saveImg->saveInfo->getInfo->insertImg ``` ### 實際程式碼: jquery ajax圖片上傳: ```js function imageUpload(files){ let formData = new FormData(); formData.append('upload', files[0]); return $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: '/upload', data:formData, beforeSend: function(xhr) {xhr.setRequestHeader('X-CSRF-Token', $('meta[name="csrf-token"]').attr('content'))}, cache : false, contentType : false, processData : false, }); } ``` 我把ajax內容拆了出來,把資料用參數的方式傳遞,以免每次上傳都要重寫一次: callback 內容 ```js $('#summernote').summernote( { height: 300, callbacks: { onImageUpload: function(files) { imageUpload(files).done((data, textStatus, jqXHR)=>{ let url = "/uploads/"+data.imageUrl $('#summernote').summernote('insertImage', url, 'newimage'); }) }, } }); ```

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