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    [![hackmd-github-sync-badge](https://hackmd.io/V8NHMZ_ySumslx3BrnyDOg/badge)](https://hackmd.io/V8NHMZ_ySumslx3BrnyDOg) $\require{mhchem}$ # 化学 21.4.29 滚动 ###### tags: `Chemistry` 判断:工业生产玻璃、水泥都需要用石灰石作为原料。 正确。 判断:硫酸铜溶液可用于游泳池消毒是利用了 $\ce{Cu^{2+}}$ 使蛋白质盐析。 错误,是使蛋白质变性。 判断:煤油主要来自煤的干馏。 错误,煤的干馏产生煤焦油。煤油是石油分馏的产物。 油脂属于高分子化合物吗? 不属于。 通过蒸馏从碘的四氯化碳溶液中分离四氯化碳,温度计位置? 支管口处。 判断:除去 $\ce{CO_2}$ 中的 $\ce{HCl}$,可以使用饱和 $\ce{Na2CO3}$ 溶液。 错误,$\ce{Na2CO3}$ 与 $\ce{CO2}$ 反应。 $\ce{Cu}$ 与足量的 $\ce{S}$ 反应产物? $\ce{Cu2S}$ 判断:在米汤中加入食盐,可以检验食盐中是否加碘。 错误,加碘指的是加碘元素而非碘单质。 判断:$\ce{CH_3OH + LiI -> CH3I + LiOH}$ 的反应类型和 $\ce{LiOH + HI -> LiI + H2O}$ 相同。 错误,一个是取代反应,一个是置换反应。 --- 3\. 用下列装置进行实验,仪器选择正确且能达到实验目的的是 ![4hq9x8t8.png](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fei0319/pic/img/4hq9x8t8.png) A. 用甲装置测定 $\ce{Fe^{2+}}$ 的浓度 错误。应当使用酸式滴定管。 B. 用乙装置从碘的 $\ce{CCl4}$ 溶液中分离并回收 $\ce{CCl4}$ 错误。温度计水银球应在支管口处。 C. 用丙装置合成氨并检验氨的存在 错误。应使用湿润的 PH 试纸。 D. 用丁装置进行铁与水蒸气的反应,点燃肥皂泡检验氢气 正确。 --- 9\. 化合物甲是一种常见无机物,其结构如下图所示(图中的“—”为单键或双键),其中 W、X、Y、Z 为元素周期表中的短周期主族元素,且原子序数依次增大,W 和 Y、X 和 Z 分别为同主族元素,其四种元素原子的最外层电子数之和为14。下列叙述正确的是 ![jsabrxe3w7.png](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/fei0319/pic/img/jsabrxe3w7.png) 由 Y 呈正一价可知 Y 和 W 均为 IA 族元素。故 Y 为 $\ce{Na}$,W 为 $\ce{H}$。由于四种元素原子的最外层电子数之和为14,可知 X 和 Z 分别为 $\ce{O}$ 和 $\ce{S}$。 A. W 分别与 X、Z 形成的简单分子均为 10 电子微粒 错误。硫化氢含有 18 电子微粒。 B. X、Y 形成的离子化合物只含离子键 错误。过氧化钠中的过氧键为共价键。 C. X、Y、Z 三种元素的简单离子半径大小顺序为 Z>X>Y 正确。 D. 等物质的量的 Y 和 Z 的最高价氧化物对应的水化物反应生成甲 错误。等物质的量的 $\ce{NaOH}$ 和 $\ce{H2SO4}$ 反应生成 $\ce{NaHSO4}$。

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