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    先到資料夾裡面-->接著點右鍵-->點git bash here--> ## 常用指令 1. **git init** : 建立一個git repository 2. **git status** : 查看目前檔案的現況(也就是在commit之後不同的部分,如果在commit之後沒有改過則不會出現) 3. **git add <檔名>** : 新增檔案到git中(新增的檔案用git status查看會從紅色變成綠色) 4. **git commit** : 類似存檔的概念(會進到編輯器當中,預設為vim,打 :q 或 :q! 可以退出) 5. **git commit -m "<訊息>"** : 不會進到編輯器中,可以輸入這次commit的訊息(訊息通常會寫這次commit修改了甚麼東西) 6. **git log** : 查看commit了甚麼東西 **(如果要結束就在終端打q)** 7. **git remote add <自訂名稱> <網址>** : 通常會結合github,把這個本地端的檔案連結到網址中 8. **git remote** : 列出所有的remote 9. **git push -u <remote 名稱> <branch 名稱>** : 把我們現在的 branch 推到 remote,也就是在github中的repo,而-u是代表把預設的remote設成origin,也就是之後我們沒有指定remote時都會推到origin 10. **git clone <網址>** : 在電腦中把github上面的檔案下載 11. **git log** : 查看目前這個檔案的所有紀錄 12. **git reset -- <檔案>** : 把**git add**過的檔案unstage回去 13. **git checkout -- <檔案>** : 把檔案回到上次**git commit**的狀態 14. **git reset --soft HEAD~1** : 會往前推1個commit,並且會有git log 的紀錄,保留住修改的部分 15. **git checkout -b <branch 名稱>** : 建立新branch並且切換過去 16. **git branch** : 查看電腦上的branch **(如果要結束就在終端打q)** 17. **git branch -a** : 查看電腦上的所有branch(包含remote) 18. **git branch -d <branch名稱>** : 刪除電腦上的branch,但github上如果有的話不會刪掉 19. **git switch <要去的 branch>** : 切換branch(須注意所有檔案都要先commit才能switch) 20. **git pull** : 把預設的upstream新進度抓下來 21. **git rebase <要rebase 到哪個分支>** : 把目前分支的起始點移到最新進度 22. **git rebase --continue** : 解決好上面rebase的衝突之後繼續rebase(通常會不只一個衝突發生,所以需要continue好幾次) 23. **git push -f** : 強制把現在電腦上的紀錄push到remote **(不建議在主分支使用)** 24. ## tips * **git add .** : 新增這個資料夾當中的所有檔案到git中 * **查看快速鍵的用法** : 打開git bash後在左上角點右鍵,開啟option,可以看到一些快速用法,像是在mouse裡面有滑鼠中鍵是貼上 * **查看目前所在的branch** : 可以從下方的最後面括號看到我們所在的branch是master,或是看左下角會顯示現在的branch是哪個 ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/SyNDATrOn.png) ![](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/rkShByqOh.png) * 在使用**git checkout**之前需要先**git reset** * **git log --oneline** : 每次的commit訊息只顯示一行commit的訊息而已 ## 命令提示字元基礎用法 * **ls** : 查看當前所包含所有的東西 * **cd** : 進入到下個資料夾當中 * **code .** : 用vscode運行 * **jupyter notebook** : 用jupyter notebook運行 ## 好的git commit該如何寫 ### 原則 * 主旨(盡量簡潔扼要),空一行,下面在接著寫內文補充說明 * 主旨50字內,並且開頭用大寫 * 主旨用動詞開頭 * 內文72字一行 * commit的重點是why,其他部分可以從code看出來 * 用英文commit

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