蔡秀吉
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    # 電信產業如何應用生成式 AI? ![螢幕擷取畫面 (322)](https://hackmd.io/_uploads/HJ_Qda4t6.png) 究竟電信產業該如何引入生成式 AI (Generative AI),來解決業界長久以來的痛點呢?秀吉現在就報給你知! ### 前言 這個學年來捷克訪問,無法實體參與 [Google Cloud Summit Taipei](https://cloudonair.withgoogle.com/events/summit-taipei-2023),但身為國外的 [GDSC Lead](https://developers.google.com/community/gdsc/leads),進修和教學還是責無旁貸,畢竟人生的樂趣在學習,人生的收穫在於奉獻 www 所以就忙裡偷閒在國外補檔一下 [Google Cloud Summit Taipei | (中華電信)解析 Next’23 最新雲端技術](https://youtu.be/O_i8V8F8UaQ?t=4032);可能是因為主題安排或是時間關係,這場演講比較像是產品成果發表,技術偏少。 但沒關係,本篇文章將科普電信業引入生成式 AI 的魅力在哪?,同時針對演講中提到的 "Data Cloud 服務應用與挑戰" 做進一步的說明和科普。 > 簡而言之,這是一篇科普文,所以即使你沒聽過演講也看得懂 (廢話結束,以下正文) ## 電信產業如何應用生成式 AI 電信產業究竟如何應用生成式 AI,主要可以分成兩大使用範例(Use Cases): * **Customer Automation(用戶自動化)** * **Network Automation(網路自動化)** 一般人經常使用到的生成式 AI,大多都是大型語言模型 (Large language model;LLM),那麼隨著越來越多人的使用和媒體的炒作,民眾對生成式 AI 衍生服務的接受度也將逐漸增加,而這點對於電信業者來說,是個非常好的機會,為什麼我會這樣說呢?讓我們繼續看下去! ### Customer Automation(用戶自動化) 對於絕大部分天然呆的台灣用戶來說:「電信供應商的好壞,在於客戶服務!」 所以只要將客服的體驗優化好,萬事皆好談! 以中華電信為例,它擁有全台 90% 的固網業務以及 1300 萬個門號用戶;對於一間擁有如此龐大用戶的電信業者,最重要的就是導入生成式 AI(如:語音辨識模型、對話模型),用來實現**用戶自動化(Customer Automation)**,和以下目標: * 更快解決客戶遇到的問題 * 減少客服中心收到的來電 * 確保電信業真的有善用自家強大的科技技術,實現用戶個人化的電信服務 所以台灣四大電信業者正面臨一個龐大的機會,透過導入生成式 AI 實現用戶自動化,即可徹底改變現狀(例如:使用機器學習來分析客訴情況的描述、處理客戶查詢等問題),同時也可以提高客戶滿意度,以及提升電信客服的效率、能力和品質[[註¹]](https://hackmd.io/UuZVrhZxR-yzbRVxY9b3Ig?view#%E8%A8%BB%E9%87%8B)。 中華電信的客服電話即有導入語音對話辨識模型,我有體驗過,還蠻準的!但曾經的糟糕體驗,可能會讓使用者拒絕使用該服務,此外,部分金融業,也已經導入服務聊天機器人,例如玉X銀行的機器人,我也覺得蠻不錯的 xDDD 那麼除了「客服系統的革命」之外,另外一個導入生成式 AI 的重要 Use Case 就是 Network Automation。 ### Network Automation(網路自動化) 所謂的 Network Automation,就是當電信業者對其所服務的區域有足夠的了解之後,就可以透過生成式 AI 預測用戶的使用行為、訊號品質,以更智慧化的方式精準部署基地台和有效提升訊務品質,並可以進一步優化頻譜效率和網路容量的分配,來改善電信業者的能源營運成本 (OPEX) [[註²]](https://hackmd.io/UuZVrhZxR-yzbRVxY9b3Ig?view#%E8%A8%BB%E9%87%8B),讓電信業者可以用最少的能源,開創最大效益。 #### 這些都是可能實現的嗎,為什麼? 因為數據就是要經過分析處理後才會有價值;機器學習模型當中的 AI,使我們能以更加結構化[[註³] ](https://hackmd.io/UuZVrhZxR-yzbRVxY9b3Ig?view#%E8%A8%BB%E9%87%8B)和智慧化的方式來使用各種數據(包括:大量數據、非結構化的數據以及任何可以用於優化的數據)[[註⁴]](https://hackmd.io/UuZVrhZxR-yzbRVxY9b3Ig?view#%E8%A8%BB%E9%87%8B) 綜合以上所述,導入生成式 AI 對於電信業者來說,將會是一個巨大的機會呀!電信業者不僅可以提高自身的運營效率,還可以向用戶提供**網路功能即服務 (Network Functions as a Service;NFaaS)** ## 電信業所應用的生成式 AI,也需要注意垃圾進,垃圾出(Garbage in, garbage out) 的問題嗎? 是的,想要讓生成式 AI 能夠發揮最大成效,就需要有高品質的乾淨數據。不可以直接將汙染的數據丟給生成式 AI。因此電信業者為了能夠有高品質的數據,就需要個別針對 Data lake, Data pipelines, Data governance 制定相關的標準和要求。[[補充¹]](https://hackmd.io/UuZVrhZxR-yzbRVxY9b3Ig?view#%E8%A8%BB%E9%87%8B) 反正你就記住下面這段話: > 隨著生成式 AI 的蓬勃發展,將會有越來越多企業意識到建立優質數據層的重要性。 ## 生成式 AI 會不會被過度炒作了? 我的回答是,對於那些不是這個領域的人、沒有體驗過這些正在 Developing & Buliding 技術的人,生成式 AI 導入電信產業所帶來的優點,仍然需要被大肆宣揚! 在我們這種領域的人,就會覺得 Teleco Network Automation 比較重要,而一般民眾則會覺得體驗比較重要,然後別忘記,在我家鄉或是台灣的偏鄉還有一群是愛拆基地台又愛抱怨沒訊號的人。 ## 願景和展望 我主修人工智慧,研究領域偏電信工程,就我的觀點來看,未來5年 AI 導入 6G 已是趨勢,2024 正要開始蓬勃發展。而 Google 在雲原生領域技術已十分成熟,同時 Google 也從 2017年起即開始研究生成式 AI,也已在生成式 AI 領域深耕多年。但 Google Cloud 的各項技術始終無法在歐洲落地完整發揮,無外乎就是卡關 GDPR 這項網路治理的瓶頸。 因此現今 2024 無論是 Google、愛立信、Nokia、廣達等... 跨國的電通大廠,最缺的人才,就是需要同時懂 GDPR ,且具備雲原生技術和AI 的人才,因為不僅要搶快盡早開發出 6G AI-native Cloud RAN,還要讓產品可以合規真正的落地。 雖然目前 6G AI-native Cloud RAN 也都還只是個創新的概念,但是缺人才來制訂 [Responsible AI for Europe](https://ai.google/responsibility/responsible-ai-practices/) 的問題依舊存在。 #### 註釋 * [註¹]:電信客服能力需要被提升的原因是,當你用專業術語與客服對話(如:載波聚合),ChatGPT 會聽得懂,但傳統的客服人員,不一定聽得懂,他可能就會幫你轉給主管或是工程師,但等待時間也是要付費的喔! * [註²]:電信業者改善 OPEX 的意思是,降低電費、設備維護成本等,從而降低電信商的營運成本。 * [註³]:結構化,是指將事物或資訊按照一定的規則或模式進行組織,使其具有層次性、邏輯性及可操作性。 * [註⁴]:任何可以用於優化的數據,可以把它想成是英文中的 different forces of data,是指電信業者用於改善其服務和營運的各種數據。 * [補充¹]:與本文提及的 Clean Data 無關,單純補充有一個叫做布拉格提案,建議各國建置 的 5G 系統應徹底確保供應鏈的安全,這個提案又被稱為 Clean 5G。 #### 關於作者 蔡秀吉,正在布拉格訪問研究,現就讀陽明交大百川學程大三,常出現在各大資訊 Conf。 喜歡研究開放電信網路(O-RAN)及其相關的技術發展,感興趣的領域有:雲原生、人工智慧、表觀遺傳、體外循環系統。 #### 工作經歷和榮譽 * [Google 責任創新獎學金研究員(Google Crowdsource Responsible Innovation Fellowship )](https://www.facebook.com/thc1006/posts/pfbid0ySRgbSasoRgaGiGvXfVTz9VSXufunceJ7PeQgvAHtVJoUhvxoeGem6vdy8EL6nryl) * [Google Dev Library Contributor](https://g.dev/thc1006) * Google Developer Student Clubs NYCU EX-Lead * Google Developer Student Clubs CTU Lead * 雲達科技 O-RAN OAM Developer Intern * 陽明交大前瞻網路技術研發中心 研究助理 * 陽明交大開源智能聯網研究中心 研究助理 ### 聯絡資訊 * hctsai@linux.com * hctsai1006@cs.nctu.edu.tw * https://www.facebook.com/thc1006 ##### tags #Intelligentnetworks #ResponsibleAi #ExplainableAI #ranautomation

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