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    --- title: "DevFest 2024 Kaoshuing - 使用 Keras 深度改造 Gemma (John Lu)" pubDatetime: 2024-11-23T15:30:00 slug: keras tags: - meetup keras gemma llm author: john.lu description: 使用 Keras 深度改造 Gemma youtube: zzX9TLN8c2A --- [![hackmd-github-sync-badge](https://hackmd.io/Ty6ng3iQSDivJH3X78r8lQ/badge)](https://hackmd.io/Ty6ng3iQSDivJH3X78r8lQ) 使用 Keras 深度改造 Gemma 這段演講的內容主要介紹如何使用Keras來修改開源的Gemma模型。以下是主要的總結: Gemma模型概述: Gemma是Google開源的語言模型(LM),有不同的版本,包括常規版本和經過指令微調(instruction fine-tuned)版本,後者適用於多輪對話。 Gemma模型的架構是基於"decoder-only"的結構,使用多層解碼器、注意力機制(attention)和前饋網絡(feed-forward network)來生成下一個token。 Keras的使用: Keras支援不同精度的配置,例如在微調時使用混合半精度,而在模型部署時使用完整精度。 Keras還支援兩種並行化技術:數據並行(data parallelism)和模型並行(model parallelism),能夠加速訓練和推理過程。 並行化技術: 通過在多個設備上分配模型和數據,Keras能夠實現模型的並行化。具體來說,可以將數據或模型分割到多個加速器(如TPU)上進行處理,這有助於提高運算效率。 Gemma微調與指令微調: Gemma的指令微調版本特別適合於問答和對話任務,通過設置合適的prompt模板來達成多輪對話。 微調過程中,可以根據特定的任務對模型進行調整,從而改善其表現。 Context Length擴展: 由於語言模型有最大上下文長度的限制,演講介紹了如何使用最新的技術來擴展模型的上下文長度,使其能處理更長的文本序列。 控制向量(Control Vectors): 除了常規的prompt工程,還介紹了一種更進階的方法——控制向量。這是一種通過對模型內部表示進行修改,來影響模型輸出行為的方法。這些控制向量根據模型的內部激活值進行調整,可以用來引導模型產生特定的回答方向。 自定義注意力機制: 為了解決長文本的處理問題,介紹了如何通過修改Gemma的注意力機制(例如實現Sliding Window Attention和Self-Extend)來擴展模型處理長上下文的能力。 這些技術和方法的結合使得Gemma模型在多輪對話和長文本處理上具有更強的應用潛力,並能夠進行更加靈活的微調和優化。

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